Med Term Chapter 16 Sensory System Eye Structures

Vitreous Body-

A transparent jellylike substance filling the interior of the eyeball

Sight

Ability to see.

Trichiasis-

Abnormal growth of eyelashes in a direction that causes them to rub on the eye.

Exophthalmos-

Abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs.

Aphakia-

Absence of a lens.

ARMD-

Age-related Macular Degeneration

Presbyopia-

Age-related diminished ability to focus or accommodate.

Glaucoma-

Any of various diseases caused by abnormally high eye pressure.

Eyestrain-

Asthenopia

Pupil

Black circular center of the eye; opens and closes when the muscles in the iris expand and contract in response to light.

Scotoma-

Blind spot in vision.

Cycl(o)-

Ciliary Body

Cataract-

Cloudiness of the lens of the eye.

Eyebrow

Clump of hair, usually about a half an inch above the eye, that helps to keep foreign particles from entering the eye.

Iris

Colored part of the eye;contains muscles that expand and contract in response to light.

Lens

Colorless, flexible transparent body behind the iris.

Conjunctiv(o)-

Conjunctiva

Corne(o)-

Cornea

Kerat(o)-

Cornea

Keratoplasty-

Corneal Transplant

Contact Lens-

Corrective lenses worn on the surface of the eye.

Fovea centralis

Depression in the center of the macula lutea; perceives sharpest images.

Esotropia-

Deviation of one eye inward.

Exotropia-

Deviation of one eye outward.

DVA-

Distance Visual Acuity

Astigmatism-

Distortion of sight because of lack of focus of light rays at one point on the retina.

Diplopia-

Double Vision.

Blepharoptosis-

Drooping of the eyelid.

OU-

Each Eye

ENT-

Ear,Nose,and Throat

Nystagmus-

Excessive involuntary eyeball movement.

Epiphora

Excessive tearing.

Photophobia-

Extreme sensitivity to light.

Ocul(o)-

Eye

Ophthalm(o)-

Eye

Opt(o)-

Eye

Strabismus-

Eye misalignment.

Pseudophakia-

Eye with an implanted lens after cataract surgery.

EENT-

Eye,Ear,Nose, and Throat

Blephar(o)-

Eyelid

Cryoretinopexy-

Fixing of a torn retina using extreme cold.

Hyperopia-

Focusing behind the retina causing vision distortion; farsightedness.

Myopia-

Focusing in front of the retina causing vision distortion; nearsightedness.

Macular Degeneration-

Gradual loss of vision caused by degeneration of tissue in the macula.

Eyelashes

Group of hairs protruding from the end of the eyelid; helps to keep foreign particles from entering the eye.

Farsightedness-

Hyperopia

iridotomy-

Incision into the iris to relieve pressure.

Hordeolum/sty-

Infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid.

Dacryocystitis-

Inflammation of a tear duct.

Conjunctivitis-

Inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eyelid.

Keratitis-

Inflammation of the cornea.

Blepharitis-

Inflammation of the eyelid.

Iritis-

Inflammation of the iris.

Dacryoadenitis-

Inflammation of the lacrimal glands.

Macula

Inner ear structure containing hairlike sensors that move to maintain equilibrium.

IOL-

Intraocular Lens

IOP-

Intraocular Pressure

Blepharospasm-

Involuntary eyelid movement; excessive blinking.

Ir-/Irid-

Iris

OS-

Left Eye

Phac(o)-

Lens

Phak(o)-

Lens

Blepharochalasis-

Loss of elasticity of the eyelid.

Dermatochalasis-

Loss of elasticity of the eyelid.

Blindness-

Loss or absence of vision.

Tonometry-

Measurement of tension or pressure within the eye.

Ophthalmologist-

Medical specialist who diagnoses and treats eye disorders.

Tears

Moisture secreted from the lacrimal glands.

Eyelid

Moveable covering over the eye.

Conjunctiva

Mucous membrane lining the eyelid.

Nearsightedness-

Myopia

NVA-

Near Visual Acuity

Optic Nerve

Nerve that transmits nerve impulses from the eye to the brain.

Nyctalopia-

Night Blindness

Chalazion-

Nodular inflammation that usually forms on the eyelid.

Optometrist-

Nonmedical specialist who examines the eyes and prescribes lenses.

Aqueous Body-

Optically clear liquid that occupies the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye.

Eye

Organ of sight.

Retina

Oval, light-sensitive membrane in the interior layer of the eye; decodes light waves and transmits information to the brain.

Refraction

Process of bending light waves

Cor(o)-

Pupil

Pupill(o)-

Pupil

Uvea

Region of the eye containing the iris, choroid membrane, and ciliary bodies.

Dacryoscystectomy-

Removal of a lacrimal sac.

Enucleation-

Removal of an eyeball.

Iridectomy-

Removal of part of the iris.

Retin(o)-

Retina

AD-

Right Ear

OD-

Right Eye

Lacrimation-

Secretion of tears, usually excessively.

Macula lutea

Small, yellowish area located in the center of the retina, which has a depression called the fovea centralis.

Cones

Specialized receptor cells in the retina that perceive color and bright light.

rods

Specialized receptors cells in the retina that perceive black and white shades.

Blepharoplasty-

Surgical repair of the eyelid.

Dacry(o)-

Tears

Lacrim(o)-

Tears

Optician-

Technician who makes and fits corrective lenses.

Ciliary

Thick anterior membrane in the middle layer of the eye.

Neuroretina

Thick layer of nervous tissue in the retina.

Sclera

Thick, tough membrane in the outer eye layer; supports eyeball structure.

Choroid

Thin posterior membrane in the middle layer of the eye.

Cornea

Transparent anterior section of the eyeball that bends light in a process called refraction.

Diopter-

Unit of refracting power of a lens.

Phacoemulsification-

Use of ultrasound to break up and remove cataracts.

Uve(o)-

Uvea

VA-

Visual Acuity

VF-

Visual Field

Ophthamoscopy-

Visual examination of the interior of the eye.

Asthenopia-

Weakness of the ocular or ciliary muscles that that causes the eyes to tire easily.