Med Test

Teaching was successful about pancreatic enzymes for cystic fibrosis when the parent states: a.) "Give the medicine about 1 hour after meals" b.) "I can sprinkle the enzymes on food" c.) "When my child has diarrhea" d.) "Give the medication when my child is sick"

"I can sprinkle the enzymes on food"

Why is it necessary for clients to avoid alcohol intake when taking barbiturates?

Alcohol decreases CNS while barbiturates try to work on CNS so decreased effects of barbiturates

Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering first to a child in status epilepticus? a.) Establish an IV line, and administer IV lorazepam b.) Administer rectal diazepam c.) Administer an oral glucose gel to the side of the child's mouth d.) Administer oral diazepam

Administer rectal diazepam

You are working in the ED caring for a client who has just been admitted with left anterior chest pain, possible ACS. Which action will you take first? a.) Insert IV catheter b.) Auscultate heart sounds c.) Administer sublingual nitroglycerin d.) Draw blood for troponin 1 measurement

Administer sublingual nitroglycerin

The nurse is preparing to administer warfarin (Coumadin), an oral anticoagulant, to a patient with a mechanical valve replacement the patient's INR is 2.7. Which action should the nurse take? a.) Administer the medication as ordered b.) Prepare to administer Vitamin K c.) Hold the medication and notify the HCP d.) Assess the patient for abnormal bleeding

Administer the medication as ordered (Normal range: 2-3min)

Which adverse reaction is the nurse concerned with when administering Vancomycin? a.) Vomiting b.) Headache c.) Flushing of the face, neck, and chest d.) Hypertension

Flushing of the face, neck, and chest

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving esomeprazole. Which of the following best indicates the desired therapeutic effect? a.) "I don't pass gas as often" b.) "My abdomen is no longer firm" c.) "I don't have pain in my stomach" d.) "I have regular BMs"

"I don't have pain in my stomach"

As a home health nurse obtaining an admission history on a client who has deep vein thrombosis and is taking warfarin 2 mg daily, which statement indicates more education is needed? a.) "I have started to eat more healthy foods like green salads and fruits" b.) The doctor said it is important to avoid becoming constipated c.) "Coumadin makes me feel nauseated unless I take it with food" d.) "I will need to have blood testing done once or twice a week"

"I have started to eat more healthy foods like green salads and fruits"

Teaching has been effective on the use of atenolol (tenormin) for angina by which statement? a.) "Atenolol will increase the strength of my heart muscle." b.) "I can expect to feel short of breath when taking atenolol." c.) "Atenolol will improve the blood flow to my coronary arteries." d.) "It is important not to suddenly stop taking the atenolol."

"It is important not to suddenly stop taking the atenolol."

A patient admitted to the medical surgical unit with a venous thromboembolism (VTE) is started on enoxaparin (lovenox) and warfarin (Coumadin). THe patient asks the nurse why two medications are needed. Which response by the nurse is accurate? a.) "Administration of two anticoagulants decreases the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis" b.) "Lovenox will dissolve the clot, and Coumadin will prevent any more clots from occurring" c.) "The Lovenox will work immediately, but the Coumadin takes several days to reach its full effect" d.) "Because of the potential for a pulmonary embolism, it is important for you to have at least two anticoagulants"

"The Lovenox will work immediately, but the Coumadin takes several days to reach its full effect"

A nurse is caring for a client who is hospitalized with deep vein thrombosis and has been on IV heparin for 5 days. The provider prescribes oral warfarin (Coumadin) without discontinuing the heparin. The client asks the nurse why both anticoagulants are necessary. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing response? a.) "The coumadin takes several days to work, so the IV heparin will be used until the Coumadin reaches a therapeutic level" b.) "I will call the provider to get a prescription for discontinuing the IV heparin today" c.) "Both heparin and Coumadin work together to dissolve the clots" d.) "The IV heparin increases the effects of the Coumadin and decreases the length of your hospital stay"

"The coumadin takes several days to work, so the IV heparin will be used until the Coumadin reaches a therapeutic level"

The nurse understands the purpose of administering dexamethasone to a patient with ARDS is? a.) "The medication is used to treat infections." b.) "The medication is given to facilitate ventilation." c.) "The medication is given to decrease inflammation." d.) "The medication is given to reduce anxiety."

"The medication is given to decrease inflammation."

A client with a duodenal ulcer is diagnosed with H. pylori infection. The physician prescribed Amoxicillin, Pantoprazole, and Clarithromycin. Which statement made by the nurse correctly explains the purpose of these medications? a.) "These medicines will minimize acid production and will coat the ulcer" b.) "These medicines will stop the acid production and will kill the bacteria" c.) "The ulcer will heal because the medications will kill the bacteria" d.) "These medicines will control the ulcer and motion sickness"

"These medicines will stop the acid production and will kill the bacteria"

The nurse needs to know that the therapeutic range for phenytoin is?

10-20

The nurse teaches the parents of a child with cystic fibrosis about which vitamin deficiency? a.) B-1 and folic acid b.) B-12 and niacin c.) C and B-6 d.) A and D

A and D

A nurse is teaching a client who is taking sucralfate for PUD has a new prescription for phenytoin to control seizures. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a.) Take an antacid with the sucralfate b.) Take sucralfate with a glass of milk c.) Allow a 2-hour interval between these medications d.) Chew the sucralfate thoroughly before swallowing

Allow a 2-hour interval between these medications

Which of the following medications is considered a thrombolytic? a.) Alteplase b.) Heparin c.) Coumadin d.) Lovenox

Alteplase (tPA)

Which classification of medications play a pivotal role in the management of heart failure due to systolic dysfunction? a.) Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors b.) Beta blockers c.) Diuretics d.) Digitalis

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors)

A client who has been started on the beta-1 agonist, dobutamine, needs to be monitored for which adverse reaction? a.) Arrhythmias b.) Paresthesias c.) Decreased blood pressure d.) Decreased platelet count

Arrhythmia

List various antiplatelet aggregators. What do they do?

Aspirin and plavix prevent platelets from clumping ie clots

A nurse is teaching a client who takes furosemide (Lasix) and has a serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L. Which of the following foods should the nurse tell the patient to include in his/her diet? a.) Carrots b.) Bananas c.) Cheddar cheese d.) Baked chicken

Bananas

The nurse teaches the client using transdermal nitroglycerine patches to a.) Use the same site, washing the area between applications b.) Shave the skin area closely to remove all hair prior to placing the patch c.) Best be placed at the same time each day d.) Apply to harless area of distal extremities

Best be placed at the same time each day

The nurse should assess the patient taking non-selective beta blockers for which side effects? a.) Dry mouth b.) Bronchospasm c.) Tachycardia d.) Urinary retention

Bronchospasm

Following surgery for closure of ASD (atrial septal defect), the nurse expects which of the following medications to prevent clots from forming on the repaired area a.) Lanoxin b.) Furosemide c.) Alprostadil d.) Clopidogrel

Clopidogrel

Histamine2-receptor antagonists a.) Complete with histamine for binding sites on the parietal cells b.) Irreversibly bind to H+/K+ ATPase c.) Cause a decrease in stomach pH d.) Decrease signs and symptoms of allergies related to histamine release

Complete with histamine for binding sites on the parietal cells

What effect do NSAIDs have in treating kidney stones?

Decrease inflammation (and pain)

Nifedipine (procardia) is prescribed for a client with newly diagnosed Prinzmetal's (variant) angina. When teaching, the nurse includes information that Nifedipine will a.) Help prevent clotting in the coronary arteries b.) Decrease spasm of the coronary arteries c.) Increase the force of myocardial contraction d.) Reduce the fight or flight

Decrease spasm of the coronary arteries

Which of the following baseline laboratory data should be established before a client is started on tissue plasminogen activator or alteplase recombinant (tPA)? a.) Potassium level b.) Lee-White clotting time c.) Hgb, Hct, and platelet count d.) Blood glucose level

Hgb, Hct, and platelet count

In evaluating the effectiveness of Nadolol (Corgard), which is prescribed for a patient with Coronary Artery Disease, the nurse would expect: a.) Increased urinary output and increased peripheral pulses b.) Decreased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and relief of chest pain c.) Decreased respirations, increased diastolic pressure and relief of chest pain d.) Decreased blood pressure, increased heart rate, and reduced coronary vasospasm

Decreased heart rate, decreased blood pressure and relief of chest pain

The nurse knows an expected outcome of beta adrenergic blocking agents is a.) Increased glucose production b.) Decreased cardiac perfusion c.) Increased cardiac output d.) Decreased myocardial oxygen consumption

Decreased myocardial oxygen consumption

The nurse knows the therapeutic effect of metoprolol (lopressor) for a patient with MI is a.) Increased cardiac output b.) Decreased cholesterol c.) Decreased resting heart rate d.) Decreased platelet aggregation

Decreased resting heart rate

High dose prednisone is given to a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The nurse will monitor for the development of? a.) Diabetes b.) Deep vein thrombosis c.) Nephrotoxicity d.) Hepatotoxicity

Diabetes

Side effects of loperamide (Imodium) include all of the following except? a.) Diarrhea b.) Epigastric pain c.) Dry mouth d.) Anorexia

Diarrhea

When administering furosemide to your patient who has CHF, the nurse would assess? a.) Electrolyte levels, blood pressure and LS b.) Bowel movement c.) Level of consciousness d.) Bowel sound

Electrolyte levels, blood pressure and LS (lung sounds)

A client with BPH taking 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors may experience what severe psychosocial side effects? a.) Erectile dysfunction and gynecomastia b.) Aphasia c.) Freckles d.) Facial paralysis

Erectile dysfunction and gynecomastia (enlarged breasts)

A client with a history of transient ischemic attack (TIA) has an order for aspirin 160 mg daily. When administering the medications, the client says, "I don't need the aspirin today. I don't have any aches or pains". The nurse a.) Documents that the aspirin was refused b.) Calls the health care provider to clarify the medication order c.) Explains that the aspirin is ordered to decrease stroke risk d.) Teaches that aspirin is used to prevent aches

Explains that the aspirin is ordered to decrease stroke risk

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving the muscle relaxant vecuronium for ARDS. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering with this medication (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)? a.) Fentanyl (sublimaze) b.) Furosemide (lasix) c.) Midazolam (versed) d.) Famotidine (pepcid) e.) Dexamethasone (decadron)

Fentanyl (sublimaze) Midazolam (versed)

Sucralfate (Carafate) achieves a therapeutic effect by: a.) Neutralizing gastric acid b.) Enhancing gastric absorption c.) Forming a protective barrier around gastric mucosa d.) Inhibiting gastric acid secretion

Forming a protective barrier around gastric mucosa

The patient with a VSD (ventricular septal defect) may be prescribed which medication a.) Furosemide b.) Captopril c.) Penicillin d.) Lanoxin

Furosemide

Which of the following medications is used for partial seizures, restless leg syndrome, and neuralgia? a.) Gabapentin b.) Valproic acid c.) Phenytoin d.) Lamotrigine

Gabapentin

A nurse is teaching medication safety to a group of healthy older adults at a community center. The nurse explains that due to the high frequency of food-drug interactions, the clients should avoid taking their medications with which of the following? a.) Carbonated beverage b.) Milk c.) Orange juice d.) Grapefruit juice

Grapefruit juice

When taking Carbamazepine, what fluid places the client at risk for drug toxicity? a.) Grapefruit juice b.) Orange juice c.) Cranberry juice d.) Apricot juice

Grapefruit juice

A client has a history of CHF and takes digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). The nurse evaluates a digoxin level of 3.96 ng/mL and potassium level of 3.0 and a.) Gives the medications as directed b.) Takes an apical pulse and give the medications if the pulse is normal c.) Holds the medications and contact the primary health care provider d.) Questions the client about symptoms and give the medications

Holds the medications and contact the primary health care provider

The nurse is collecting a client's medication history who has GERD. Which medication below is not typically used to treat GERD? a.) Hydroxyzine b.) Omeprazole c.) Metoclopramide d.) Ranitidine HCL

Hydroxyzine

What is the only route of administration Mannitol can be given? a.) IV b.) PO c.) SQ d.) PR

IV

What would a client with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) taking Alpha-adrenergic receptor agents expect to experience and why? a.) Increase urine flow and decrease of symptoms b.) Bladder spasms c.) Decrease urinary output d.) Decrease libido

Increase urine flow and decrease of symptoms

A nurse is caring for a client in liver failure with ascites who is receiving spironolactone (Aldactone). Which of the following outcomes should the nurse expect from this client's medication therapy? a.) Increased sodium excretion b.) Decreased urinary output c.) Increased potassium excretion d.) Decreased chloride excretion

Increased sodium excretion

During anticoagulant therapy, the nurse monitors the client for which common undesirable effect? a.) Dysrhythmias b.) Nausea and vomiting c.) Anaphylactic reaction d.) Internal and superficial bleeding

Internal and superficial bleeding

Which of the following is a proton pump inhibitor used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. a.) Lansoprazole (Prevacid) b.) Rabeprazole (AcipHex) c.) Esomeprazole (Nexium) d.) Famotidine (Pepcid) e.) Nizatidine (Axid)

Lansoprazole Rabeprazole Esomeprazole

Patient diagnosed with hypoplastic left heart syndrome would be prescribed alprostadil for which reason? a.) Maintain patency of FO b.) Maintain patency of DA c.) Closure of FO d.) Closure of DA

Maintain patency of DA

The nurse recognizes the drug classifications used in the treatment of angina are (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY): a.) Nitrates b.) Glycosides c.) Calcium channel blockers d.) Sodium blockers e.) Beta blockers

Nitrates Calcium channel blockers Beta blockers

A child recently diagnosed with epilespy is being evaluated for anticonvulsant medication therapy. The child will likely be placed on which type of regimen? a.) Two or three oral anticonvulsant medications so that dosing can be low and side effects minimized b.) One oral anticonvulsant medication to observe effectiveness and minimize side effects c.) One rectal gel to be administered in the event of a seizure d.) A combination of oral and intravenous anticonvulsant medications to ensure compliance

One oral anticonvulsant medication to observe effectiveness and minimize side effects

To prevent shock and syncope in a client diagnosed with kidney stones, the nurse would administer what medication? a.) Opioids b.) Antibiotics c.) Antipsychotics d.) Beta blockers

Opioids (pain)

For a client receiving a continuous heparin infusion for a DVT (deep vein thrombosis), the infusion rate will be adjusted according to the: a.) Platelet count b.) PTT c.) PT/INR d.) CBC with diff

PTT

You have given morphine sulfate 4 mg IV to a client who has an acute MI. When you evaluate the client's response 5 minutes after giving the medication, which finding indicate a need for immediate action? a.) BP 114/65 to 106/58 b.) Respiration rate drops from 18 to 12 breaths per minute c.) Cardiac monitor indicates sinus rhythm at a rate of 96 beats per minute d.) Persisting pain at a level of 2 (on a scale of 0-10)

Persisting pain at a level of 2 (on a scale of 0-10)

A client who has had a transient ischemic attack (TIA) has been placed on aspirin therapy every day. the nurse relates the expected outcome is prevention of a.) Headaches that accompany TIAs b.) Platelet aggregation c.) Increased intracranial pressure d.) Intracranial hemorrhage

Platelet aggregation

Digoxin toxicity is most likely to develop in clients receiving digoxin in combination with: a.) Oral anticoagulants b.) Potassium supplements c.) Potassium wasting diuretics d.) Potassium sparing diuretics

Potassium wasting diuretics

HIV medication enfuvirtide, a fusion inhibitor, has what mechanism of action a.) Blocks RNA and DNA activase b.) Competes with nucleosides in the cell c.) Blocks protein activity d.) Prevents virus from attaching to cell membrane

Prevents virus from attaching to cell membrane

A nurse is providing information about probiotic supplements to a client with inflammatory bowel disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a.) Probiotics are microorganisms that are normally found in the GI tract b.) Probiotics are used in clients with Clostridium difficile c.) Probiotics are used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia d.) Probiotics can cause bloating and increased flatulence e.) Probiotics should be administered at the same time as antibiotics

Probiotics are microorganisms that are normally found in the GI tract Probiotics are used in clients with Clostridium difficile Probiotics can cause bloating and increased flatulence

Whenever a nurse is caring for clients who are receiving heparin, which of the following medications should the nurse have on hand in the event of an overdose? a.) Iron b.) Glucagon c.) Protamine Sulfate d.) Vitamin K

Protamine Sulfate

A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from surgical placement of an artificial heart valve and is to be started on warfarin (Coumadin) prior to discharge. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse use to monitor the effect of this therapy? a.) Platelet count b.) Prothrombin time (PT) c.) Bleeding time d.) aPTT

Prothrombin time

A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from surgical placement of an artificial heart valve and is to be started on warfarin (coumadin) prior to discharge. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse use to monitor the effect of this therapy? a.) Platelet count b.) Prothrombin time c.) Bleeding time d.) aPTT

Prothrombin time

It is important to teach the patient what assessment prior to taking their Digoxin a.) Radial pulse and hold for HR < 60 b.) Apical pulse and hold for HR < 60 c.) BP and hold for diastolic BP < 80 d.) Apical pulse and hold for HR < 80

Radial pulse and hold for HR < 60

Medical management of cardiac failure, whether it is right-sided or left-sided, demonstrates similar methodology. Measures such as dietary modifications, lifestyle changes, medications to reduce dyspnea, and relieve anxiety, etc. are all used with one primary intention. What is the primary goal in the medical management of heart failure? a.) Reducing cardiac workload b.) Reducing cardiac output c.) Reducing pulmonary efficacy d.) Reducing oxygenation

Reducing cardiac workload

After successful digitalization, a client is to begin oral maintenance of digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix) for control of congestive heart failure. To prevent digitalis toxicity, the nurse understands that it is most important to monitor the client's a.) Weight b.) Liver function c.) Blood pressure d.) Serum potassium

Serum Potassium

Which laboratory value would alert the nurse caring for a client taking spironolactone to take further action? a.) Serum sodium level of 140 mEq/L b.) Serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L c.) Serum chloride level of 100 mEq/L d.) Serum magnesium level of 1.9 mEq/L

Serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L

What are predictors of poor HIV medication adherence

Socioeconomic class* Drug adherence Not compliant with meds (some teens)

A client realizes they forgot to take their anticonvulsant medication. What should they do?

Take it as soon as possible

NSAIDS used initially for RA can cause GI disturbances. Nursing education regarding NSAID should include:

Take with food Report blood in stools, gum, and urine Increase in bowel disturbances Nausea, diarrhea, and constipation

Your patient with RA is taking prednisone and naproxen. What is most important to report to HCP? a.) The patient reports RA symptoms are worse in the morning. b.) The patient complains about having dry eyes. c.) The patient has round and moveable nodules just under the skin d.) The patient has stools that are very dark

The patient has stools that are very dark

The nurse completes an assessment and health history for an HIV-positive patient considering starting highly active retroviral therapy (HAART). Which patient information is of most concern? a.) The patient has been HIV positive for 8 years with no drug therapy b.) The patient states they are not consistent about taking medication c.) The patient is sexually active with multiple partners and consistently uses condoms d.) The patient has questions and concerns regarding the effectiveness and safety of the medications

The patient states they are not consistent about taking medication

A patient is receiving enoxaparin (Lovenox) and warfarin (Coumadin) therapy for a venous thromboembolism (VTE). Which lab value indicates that anticoagulation is adequate and enoxaparin (lovenox) can be discontinued? a.) The patient's activated partial thromboplastin time (aPPT) is half of the control value b.) The patient's prothrombin time (PT) is 0.5 times normal c.) The patient's international normalized ratio (INR) is 2.5 d.) The patient's K+ level is 3.5

The patient's international normalized ratio (INR) is 2.5

True or false: Digoxin (Lanoxin) improves cardiac output by increasing intracellular calcium in the heart, which improves the contractility of the ventricles.

True

Zidovudine a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) can be safely given during during pregnancy. TRUE or FALSE

True

What major complications associated with immunosuppression therapy should a nurse monitor for?

Unable to fight infection Bone marrow suppression Hepatotoxicity Renal dysfunction Pulmonary edema

Which of the following interventions should be included in the medical management of Crohn's disease? a.) Increasing oral intake of fiber b.) Administering laxatives c.) Using long-term steroid therapy d.) Increasing physical activity

Using long-term steroid therapy (decrease inflammation)

Which of the following medications is available in "sprinkles" (making it easier to administer to children)? a.) Levetiracetam b.) Ethosuximide c.) Zonisamide d.) Valproic acid

Valproic acid

During a home visit to an 88 year old client who is taking digoxin (lanoxin) 0.25 mg daily to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation, you obtain this assessment information. Which finding is most important to communicate to the health care provider? a.) Apical pulse of 68 beats/min and irregular b.) Digoxin taken with meals c.) Vision that is becoming "fuzzy" d.) Lung crackles that are clear after coughing

Vision that is becoming "fuzzy"

A child is recently prescribed levetiracetam. The nurse understands which of the following medications would be prescribed to minimize the side effects of this drug? a.) Vitamin A b.) Vitamin C c.) Vitamin B6 d.) Vitamin D

Vitamin B6

Which of the following drugs is the antidote to Coumadin (Warfarin)? a.) Vitamin K b.) Protamine Sulfate c.) Aspirin d.) Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Vitamin K

A client with CHF is being discharged on digoxin, furosemide, spironolactone, and a low sodium diet. Which statement indicates the need for further teaching? "I should a.) Take my pulse every day before taking my digoxin pills" b.) Call the doctor if I feel nauseated or have difficulty with normal activities" c.) Weigh myself daily and go on a diet if I gain more than a couple of pounds" d.) Read food labels to check the ingredients"

Weigh myself daily and go on a diet if I gain more than a couple of pounds

Disease modifying anti-rheumatoid drugs (DMARDs) suppress the immune system's response to RA that causes pain and inflammation. Methotrexate is a first line choice of drug for long-term use. List 2 serious adverse effects:

a.) Hepatotoxicity b.) anaphylaxis (birth defects)