Medical Sociology 343
currently, ____ may hold doctorates in their field
-nurses -physical therapists -pharmacists all of the above
one out of every ____ counties in the US does not have a single doctor
20
the most prominent group in American society advocating a preference for religious healing is the ____
Christian Science Church
osteopaths earn what degree?
DO - doctor of osteopathic medicine
the ____ was founded in Philadelphia in 1847
First American Medical Association
who was one of the leading proponents of labeling theory?
Howard Becker
"A state or condition of suffering as the result of a disease or sickness" defines what?
Illness
which theorist(s) argue that physician-patient interaction falls into one of three possible models?
Szasz and Hollender
which theorist(s) takes the position that the seriousness of the patient's symptoms is the determining factor of doctor-patient interaction?
Szasz and Hollender
who unveiled a general concept of disease based on cellular pathology
Virchow
The ______ model applies when the patient is seriously ill or being treated on an emergency basis in a state or relative helplessness due to a severe injury or lack of consciousness.
activity-passivity
Parsons' concept of the sick role seems to typically apply only to what type of diseases?
acute illness
the "golden age" of doctoring was marked by
all of the above
what is NOT a contributor to the increase in health care expenditures
all of the above
what is the role of a managed care organization
all of the above
the _____ approach to healing also involves manipulation of bones in the spinal column
chiropractic
people with middle and upper socioeconomic status tend to be more ______ and active participants in the physician-patient encounter
consumer-orientated
at the beginning of the twenty-first century we are witnessing that the dominance of the medical profession is
declining
doctor-patient relationships in the U.S. have seriously _____ in recent year
eroded
Parson's concept of the sick role applies to chronic illnesses as well as to acute illnesses (T/F)
false
one aspect of medical training that appears in several studies of medical students is the finding that the experience tends to promote emotional attachment to patients
false
the AMA supported the implementation of Medicare (T/F)
false
the patient-physician relationship is not intended by society to be therapeutic in nature (T/F)
false
the primary reason given by many medical students for choosing a career in medicine has been that of wanting "to have a higher income"
false
this method of payment is consistent with the principle of the open market, in which the consumers of healthcare, like the consumers of other products are free to choose which health care providers offer the best services at prices they can afford
fee for service
what attracted corporations to health care delivery is the potential for
financial profit
what is a traditionally female dominated industry?
general practice
about 75% of licensed registered and practical nurses in the US work in
hospitals and nursing homes
those who use faith and folk healers, typically come from a(n) ______ background
lower class
what orientation does the sick role target
middle class orientation
what is one of the earliest forms of care available to women
midwifery
Nightingale incorporated the best attributes of the ______ and the ______ into her ideal nurse
mother/housekeeper
the central rule of the doctor-nurse game is to avoid
open disagreement between players
Millman contended that a "gentlemen's agreement" existed among the hospital physicians. what did this agreement allow for?
overlooking each other's mistakes
who are the key sources of medication information for the general public
pharmasists
what is medicalization?
previously non-medical problems are defined and treated as a medical problem
what is NOT an important factor in establishing prestige within the medical profession
race of the practitioner
the medical profession in the US has had a consistent record of _____ to social legislation
resistance
how did Parsons view the function of medicine?
social control
a major barrier in effective communication lies in the differences between physicians and their patients with respect to what?
status, education, training, and authority
better educated and younger adults tend to be more skeptical of physician motives in providing treatment (T/F)
true
female physicians are more likely to play the doctor-nurse game with both male and female nurses
true
nursing represents the largest single group of health workers in the US
true
sociologists have typically viewed sickness as a form of deviant behavior (T/F)
true
few _____ fo to folk healers
whites
the decline in the status and autonomy of physicians is largely due to greater ______
-government regulation -corporations in health care -changes in patient/dr realtionship all of the above
people use CAM techniques because they are
-want to be in control of their own health -dissatisfied with care -don't want to haggle with insurance all of the above
_______ typically have a bachelor's degree, experience in health care as a nurse or paramedic, and become qualified after completing a training program of approximately 26 months
PA
what is a gatekeeper
primary care physician screens patients before referring them to expensive procedures or specialists
people with chronic health problems requiring long-term hospitalization tend to be sent to _______ institutions
public