Medical Sociology Final

The percentage of today's US population over the age of 65 is compared to in 1900:

14 and 4

Percentage of physicians belonging to the AMA today is approximately:

15

Today, there are approximately ___ individuals paying into the Social Security System for every one individual drawing from it:

2

In order to become a Physician's Assistant, the typical time spent in a PA program (not including any prior college/university courses) is approximately

24 months

chiropractor

4 years of study

The infant mortality rate in the US today is around a given year:

6 per 1000 live births

percent of people that die in nursing homes

80

what percent of medical treatment takes place in doctors office

80

percent of medical students that graduate

95

What is a gatekeeper?

A primary care physician who screens patients prior to referring them to a specialist.

These individuals, located on the Black Sea, are referred to as the "long-living people" and seem to typically live up to/beyond 100 years old:

Abkhasianse

Which of the following racial groups is the healthiest?

Asian Americans

Who wrote Boys in White?

Becker

The person associated with the concept "looking glass self" is:

C. H. Cooley

The most prominent group in American society advocating a preference for religious healing is the:

Christian Science Church

What is meant by the inner fraternity" in reference to the power structure of American medicine

Closeness of doctors

Another name for Doctor's Care clinics where a patient can go without an appointment and see a physician or PA, typically without a long wait, instead of going to a

Doc in the Box

structural functional theory

E. Durkheim

This individual wrote about suicide and how it was related to social structure.

Emile Durkheim

Who was the sociologist who discussed impression management and saving face as related to stress?

Erving Goffman

The report issued in 1910 which made recommendations to improve medical education in the United States is the ____ Report.

Flexner

This individual in England is more or less considered the originator of the nursing profession, as we know it today.

Florence Nightingale.

"Good" cholesterol is the

HDL

The largest minority group in the United States today is :

Hispanics

The concept situational adjustment in looking at medical students as they progress through medical school was developed by

Howard Becker

Epidemiology was established around 1854 by an Englishman named

John Snow

Consumerism in medicine means that people:

Make informed choices about the services available to them.

health care organizations that control the cost of health care by monitoring how doctors treat specific illnesses, limit referrals to specialists, and require authorization prior to hospitalization, among other measures?

Managed Care (HMO)

A healthcare plan which emphasizes preventive care and is a relatively new choice for American consumers is

Managed Care (HMOs)

The religious group in the US with the longest life expectancy, likely because of their behavioral objection regarding tobacco and alcohol use, is:

Mormons

Which of the following has the major health concern of suicide?

Native Americans

John Noyes

Oneida community, took followers earthly possesions, pedophile

Graduates of pharmacy schools in the US today earn a:

Pharm. D. degree

What does PPO stand for?

Prefered provider organization

This book, published in 1929, was one of the first US studies which devoted attention to the medical community in the United States.

Robert & Helen Lynd's Middletown

From the video in class entitled "The Polio Crusade," the names of the two scientists who came up with a vaccine for polio were

Sabin & Salk

The Social System in 1951, the sick role

Talcott Parsons

In which study were syphilis patients intentionally not treated and allowed to die, a research endeavor that likely makes some African Americans today somewhat skeptical of the medical community?

Tuskegee

Heart disease has been associated with evidence questions somewhat this finding.

Type A personality

The type error most frequently made by physicians in diagnosing a patient's symptoms:

Type I error

symbolic interactionist approach

WI Thomas

Morbidity is higher for

Women

Parson's concept of the sick role seems to typically apply only to diseases.

acute

Medical sociology, as a subdiscipline within sociology, began gaining strength:

after World War II with the infusion of large amounts of federal funding for research.

Nurse-midwives are legal in:

all 50 states in the United States

The first accredited nursing schools in the US in 1873 were in Boston, New Haven, and: New York Most nurses in the U. S. today have:

an associate's degree (2-years)

Suicide which occurs when people do not know the norms/expectations (e. g., because of a hurricane or COVID-19) and are overwhelmed by the resultant stress and don't know where to turn is called:

anomic

What is the most prevalent health problem of persons over the age of 65?

arthritis

The trend for physicians today is:

being salaried within a larger group setting

Father Divine 2

bought foreclosed buisnesses and gave jobs

More ___ babies are conceived then ___ babies in the US

boy, girl

A cancer-causing agent, such as cigarette smoking, is known as a:

carcinogen

In what city is the oldest medical school in the South located?

charleston

Physicians prescribe medications, diets, and the like and expect patients to follow them faithfully. This is called:

compliance

According to Max Weber, the key to understanding the relationship between lifestyles and health is:

consumption

Another name for TB is

consumption

Accumulated knowledge on which one can draw is called:

cultural base

An"ideal blood pressure reading is 120/80 or slightly lower. The second number (80) is referred to as the:

diastolic

What was the most frequent outcome of marriage for the medical students who married while in medical school in the "The Making of a Doctor" DVD seen in class?

divorce

According to structural-functional theory, illness is:

dysfunctional because it threatens to interfere with the stability of the social system

The best overall single measure of socioeconomic status is:

education

the strongest single predictor of good health is:

education

A scientist who studies the origin and distribution of all types of diseases is best described as a(n):

epidemiologist

A Type II error is:

false negative

Visits to physicians are more frequent for:

females

What attracted corporations to health care delivery is the potential for

financial profit

That which is especially attractive for women to the pharmacy profession is:

flexible work hours

Father Divine 1

healer from philidelphia

The leading cause of death for women in the U. S. over the age of 65 is:

heart disease

The number one cause of death in the United States today is:

heart disease

folk healer

herbal healing

A major health issue for African Americans is:

hypertension

Marxist scholars claim capitalist societies put too much emphasis on responsibility for health on:

individual's

Robert Merton's paradigm on the modes of adaptation to norms states that one who rejects the institutionalized means but accepts the cultural goal fits the mode of:

innovationist

The name of the device that one was placed in to help with breathing during the polio epidemic in the early 1950s, as seen in the video entitled "The Polio Crusade," was:

iron lung

what does JAMA stand for?

journal of the American Medical Association

The situation whereas Japanese middle management men literally work themselves to death, as they are so dedicated to their profession, and known as death from overwork, is called:

karoshi

___ midwives assist with births on their own whereas

lay

The theory of ____ maintains that our self-concepts are the result of social interaction in which we see ourselves reflected in other people.

looking-glass self

Consumerism in medicine means that people:

make informed choices about the services available to them.

What is the degree which one must have in order to be a Nurse Practitioner?

master's degree

most lethal skin cancer

melanoma

The sick role is a ___ orientation.

middle class

___ midwives deliver babies under the supervision of a medical doctor.

nurse

The largest single group of healthcare workers in the United States is:

nurses

A health issue seemingly getting out of hand, both in the US and various other parts of the world, is:

obesity

In what city was the first medical school in the US located (established in 1765)?

philidelphia

diagnostic related group

pricing formula used by medicare that reimburses a fixed amount based on a diagnosis

Most medical sociologists in the United States are employed as

professors at universities

According to Robert Merton's paradigm on the modes of adaptation to norms, the "mode" which refers to a drug addict (rejects the institutionalized means and the cultural goal) is:

retreatist

Sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted primarily through

sexual intercourse

One of the greatest threats worldwide from infectious diseases comes from:

sexually transmitted diseases

Which variables are typically used to measure socioeconomic status (SES)?

source of income, education, occupation

The symbolic interaction perspective

stress can result from an individual's perception of the meaning of a situation.

A major contribution of the sick role to medical sociology is the recognition that:

the patient-physician relationship occurs within an organized framework of social roles(i. e., patterned expectations).

To an epidemiologist, "prevalence" refers to

the total number of cases of a health disorder that exists at any given time

accupuncture

use of needles to relieve pain

chi

vital energy

The reason for choosing a medical career most frequently given by medical students is generally:

wanting to help people

The symbolic interactionist perspective on deviance is based on the concept that

what is regarded as deviant behavior by one person or social group may not be so regarded by other persons or social groups.