Medical Terminology Chapter 11
Cushing's syndrome is caused by: a) Hypersecretion of adrenal cortex b) Hypersecretion of the thyroid c) Hyposecretion of the thyroid gland d) Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex
A
Gynecomastia is a symptom of: a) Adrenal feminization b) Pheochromocytoma c) Addison's disease d) Cushing's syndrome
A
Which anterior pituitary hormone is also called somatotropin? a) Growth hormone b) Melanocyte stimulating hormone c) Prolactin d) Luteinizing hormone
A
Which of the abbreviations does NOT stand for a pituitary hormone? a) T3 b) TSH c) FSH d) ACTH
A
Which of the following abbreviations stands for a pathological condition? a) DM b) TSH c) FSH d) ACTH
A
Which of the following conditions is a benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that secretes epinephrine? a) Pheochromocytoma b) Adenocarcinoma c) Goiter d) Insulinoma
A
Which of the following conditions is characterized by being abnormally short in height? a) Dwarfism b) Cretinism c) Acromegaly d) Gigantism
A
Which of the following conditions results from hypo secretion of the thyroid gland in the adult? a) Myxedema b) Ketoacidosis c) Pheochromocytoma d) Tetany
A
Which of the following diagnostic procedures uses ultrasound? a) Thyroid echogram b) Thyroid function test c) Radioimmunoassay d) Thyroid scan
A
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary? a) Oxytocin b) Thyroid stimulating hormone c) Prolactin d) Growth hormone
A
Which of the following hormones is responsible for regulating carbohydrate metabolism in the body? a) Cortisol b) Aldosterone c) Epinephrine d) Thyroxine
A
Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the development of ova and sperm? a) Follicle stimulating hormone b) Luteinizing hormone c) Thyroid stimulating hormone d) Growth hormone
A
Which of the following is responsible for stimulating the cells of the body to rapidly divide? a) Growth hormone b) Melanocyte stimulating hormone c) Follicle stimulating hormone d) Lutenizing hormone
A
Which of the following statements regarding glucagon is NOT true? a) Glucagon works through the liver to lower blood glucose level. b) Glucagon released when the body needs more sugar. c) Glucagon is secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas. d) Glucagon has an effect opposite that of insulin on blood sugar level.
A
Which of the following statements regarding the parathyroid gland is NOT true? a) Parathyroid hormone stimulates bone to absorb more calcium from the bloodstream. b) There are four parathyroid glands located on the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland. c) Parathyroid hormone regulates the blood level of calcium. d) The parathyroid gland secretes parathyroid hormone.
A
Which of the following statements regarding the pineal gland or its hormone is NOT true? a) The pineal gland is found in the hypothalamus region of the brain. b) The body's circadian rhythm is a 24 hour clock. c) The pineal gland secretes melatonin. d) Melatonin regulates the body's circadian rhythm.
A
Which of the following terms means excessive calcium in the blood? a) Hypercalcemia b) Hyponatremia c) Hyperkalemia d) Hypoglycemia
A
Which term refers to the condition in which the body tissues contain excessive amounts of fluid? a) Edema b) Exophthalmos c) Gynecomastia d) Hirsutism
A
Addison's disease refers to: a) Hyposecretion of thyroid gland b) Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex c) Hypersecretion of the thyroid gland d) Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex
B
Calcitonin works to: a) Regulate the body's metabolic rate b) Regulate calcium levels in the body c) Regulate glucose levels in the body d) Regulate sodium levels in the body
B
Diabetes insipidus is caused by: a) Excessive thyroid hormone b) Insufficient antidiuretic hormone c) Excessive antidiuretic hormone d) Insufficient thyroid hormone
B
The nerve irritability and muscle cramps that develop as a result of hypoparathyroidism is called: a) Acromegaly b) Tetany c) Cretinism d) Myxedema
B
The thyroid gland uses which of the following elements to make its hormones? a) Potassium b) Iodine c) Calcium d) Sodium
B
Thyroxine and triiodothyronine work to: a) Regulate glucose levels in the body b) Regulate the body's metabolic rate c) Regulate sodium levels in the body d) Regulate calcium levels in the body
B
Which hormone promotes the kidneys to reabsorb water? a) Lutenizing hormone b) Antidiuretic hormone c) Oxytocin d) Prolactin
B
Which of the following conditions develops from an overproduction of growth hormone? a) Acromegaly b) Gigantism c) Dwarfism d) Cretinism
B
Which of the following conditions is characterized by arrested physical and mental development? a) Dwarfism b) Cretinism c) Acromegaly d) Gigantism
B
Which of the following conditions occurs when there is an increase in estrogen secretion by the adrenal cortex of men? a) Adrenal virilism b) Adrenal feminization c) Addison's disease d) Pheochromocytoma
B
Which of the following glands is both an endocrine and exocrine gland? a) Thyroid b) Pancreas c) Pineal d) Thymus
B
Which of the following hormones is responsible for the regulation of the menstrual cycle? a) Progesterone b) Estrogen c) Thyroxine d) B and C
B
Which of the following statements regarding mineralocorticoid hormones is NOT true? a) Aldosterone regulates sodium and potassium levels in the body. b) Mineralocorticoids regulate carbohydrate metabolism in the body. c) Mineralocorticoid hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex. d) Aldosterone is an example of a mineralocorticoid.
B
Which of the following statements regarding the testes or its hormones is NOT true? a) Testes are responsible for sperm production. b) Testes are the male gamete. c) Testosterone produces the male secondary characteristics. d) Testes secrete testosterone.
B
Which of the following statements regarding the thymus gland or its hormone is NOT true? a) The thymus secretes thymosin. b) The thymus gland is located in the mediastinum just below the heart. c) At puberty the thymus gland begins to shrink. d) Thymosin is important for proper development of the immune system.
B
Which of the following terms means insufficient sodium in the blood? a) Hypercalcemia b) Hyponatremia c) Hyperkalemia d) Hypoglycemia
B
Which term refers to bulging eyeballs? a) Edema b) Exophthalmos c) Gynecomastia d) Hirsutism
B
The adrenal gland is divided into: a) Inferior and superior sections b) Anterior and posterior sections c) A medulla and a cortex d) None of the above-it is not subdivided
C
Which of the abbreviations does NOT stand for a hormone? a) TSH b) ACTH c) DM d) PTH
C
Which of the following conditions is an autoimmune disease? a) Recklinghausen disease b) Addison's disease c) Hashimoto's disease d) Graves' disease
C
Which of the following conditions is caused by hyper secretion of parathyroid hormone? a) Hashimoto's disease b) Graves disease c) Addison's disease d) Recklinghausen disease
C
Which of the following conditions is characterized by an enlargement of the bones of the head and extremities? a) Dwarfism b) Cretinism c) Acromegaly d) Gigantism
C
Which of the following diagnostic procedures can be used to measure the levels of hormone in the blood? a) Fasting blood sugar b) Total calcium c) Radioimmunoassay d) Protein-bound iodine test
C
Which of the following endocrine glands is the female gonad? a) Pineal b) Thymus c) Ovaries d) Pancreas
C
Which of the following hormones is a gonadotropin? a) Melanocyte stimulating hormone b) Thyroid stimulating hormone c) Follicle stimulating hormone d) Prolactin
C
Which of the following hormones is critical in emergency situations? a) Cortisol b) Aldosterone c) Epinephrine d) Thyroxine
C
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the adrenal medulla? a) Cortisol b) Aldosterone c) Epinephrine d) Thyroxine
C
Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland? a) Pineal gland b) Pituitary gland c) Lymph gland d) Thyroid gland
C
Which of the following is NOT one of the families of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex? a) Mineralocorticoids b) Steroid sex hormones c) Epinephrines d) Glucocorticoids
C
Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a) Aldosterone—regulates sodium levels b) Cortisol—regulates carbohydrate metabolism c) Androgens—female sex hormones d) Epinephrine—critical during emergency situations
C
Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a) Follicle stimulating hormone—target gonads b) Thyroid stimulating hormone—targets thyroid c) Adrenocorticotropin hormone—targets adrenal medulla d) Prolactin—targets breast
C
Which of the following statements regarding diabetes mellitus is NOT true? a) Diabetics experience glycosuria. b) Ketoacidosis is a potentially fatal condition that affects diabetics. c) An insulinoma may cause diabetes mellitus. d) Diabetes experience hyperglycemia.
C
Which of the following statements regarding insulin is NOT true? a) Insulin reduces blood sugar levels b) Insulin is the most active after you have eaten a meal c) Insulin is secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas d) Insulin stimulates the cells of the body to take in the glucose from the bloodstream
C
Which of the following statements regarding insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is NOT true? a) The pancreas does not produce insulin. b) The patient must take insulin shots. c) It is also called Type 2 diabetes mellitus. d) It generally develops early in life.
C
Which of the following statements regarding the pancreas is NOT true? a) The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine gland. b) The pancreas releases digestive enzymes into the duodenum. c) The islets of Langerhans are the exocrine portion of the pancreas. d) The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon.
C
Which of the following terms is a symptom of adrenal fertilization? a) Edema b) Exophthalmos c) Gynecomsia d) Hirsutism
C
Which of the following terms means excessive potassium in the blood? a) Hypercalcemia b) Hyponatremia c) Hyperkalemia d) Hypoglycemia
C
An enlargement of the thymus gland is called: a) Insulinoma b) Myxedema c) Adenocarcinoma d) Goiter
D
Graves' disease is caused by: a) Hyposecretion of the thyroid b) Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex c) Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex d) Hypersecretion of the thyroid
D
Gynecomastia is the a) Development of irregular menstrual periods b) Excessive growth of the body c) Development of excessive amount of hair d) Development of breast tissue in a male
D
Which of the following abbreviations stands for a diagnostic lab test? a) FSH b) DM c) TSH d) FBS
D
Which of the following diagnostic procedures is NOT a test for blood sugar levels? a) Fasting blood sugar b) Glucose tolerance test c) Two-hour postprandial d) All are blood sugar tests
D
Which of the following diagnostic procedures is NOT a test of thyroid function? a) Thyroid scan b) Protein-bound iodine test c) Thyroid function test d) Total calcium
D
Which of the following diagnostic procedures use radioactive iodine as a part of the test? a) Two-hour postprandial b) Thyroid function test c) Thyroid echogram d) Thyroid scan
D
Which of the following glands is NOT regulated by an anterior pituitary hormone? a) Adrenal cortex b) Thyroid c) Gonads d) Pineal
D
Which of the following hormones is NOT secreted by the thyroid gland? a) Triiodothyronine b) Calcitonin c) Thyroxine d) Thyroid stimulating hormone
D
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the ovaries? a) Estrogen b) Melatonin c) Progesterone d) A and C
D
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary? a) Antidiuretic hormone b) Follicle stimulating hormone c) Oxytocin d) A and C
D
Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of diabetes mellitus? a) Peripheral neuropathy b) Ketoacidosis c) Retinopathy d) Hirsutism
D
Which of the following medications has strong anti-inflammatory properties? a) Vasopressin b) Thyroid replacement hormone c) Insulin d) Corticosteroids
D
Which of the following medications is used to control diabetes insipidus? a) Insulin b) Corticosteroids c) Thyroid replacement hormone d) Vasopressin
D
Which of the following medications is used to treat hyperglycemia? a) Thyroid replacement hormone b) Vasopressin c) Corticosteroids d) Insulin
D
Which of the following regarding endocrine glands is NOT true? a) The endocrine system is instrumental in maintaining homeostasis. b) Hormones are chemicals that act on their target organs. c) The endocrine system is a collection of glands. d) Endocrine glands secrete hormones into ducts.
D
Which of the following statements regarding glands is NOT true? a) Endocrine glands release hormone directly into the bloodstream b) Sweat glands are an example of exocrine glands. c) Exocrine glands release their secretions into a duct outside of the body. d) Exocrine glands are also referred to as ductless glands.
D
Which of the following terms means insufficient sugar in the blood? a) Hypercalcemia b) Hyponatremia c) Hyperkalemia d) Hypoglycemia
D
Which of the following terms refers to having an excessive amount of hair? a) Edema b) Exophthalmos c) Gynecomastia d) Hirsutism
D
Which of the following treatment procedures is NOT a surgical procedure? a) Parathyroidectomy b) Laparoscopic adrenalectomy c) Lobectomy d) Chemical thyroidectomy
D
