Med/Surg HESI Practice

A nurse reviews the history of a client who is hospitalized with a diagnosis of urinary calculi and identifies that which factor may have contributed to the development of the calculi?

History of hyperparathyroidism

A client's laboratory report shows aldolase (ALD) as 9 units/dL. Which diseases may occur in the client? Select all that apply.

Polymyositis Dermatomyositis Muscular dystrophy may occur due to the elevated levels of ALD. Note that the normal ALD levels range from 3 to 8.2 units/dL.

A client with the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease develops hypocalcemia. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect the client with hypocalcemia to exhibit? Select all that apply.

Because of calcium loss from the bone, fractures, osteomalacia, and eye calcium deposits occur. Acidosis decreases calcium that binds to albumin, resulting in more ionized calcium (free calcium) in the blood. Lethargy and weakness are associated with hypercalcemia.

A nurse is caring for a client who had an above-the-knee amputation. In what position should the nurse encourage the client to keep the hip to promote early and efficient ambulation?

Functional body alignment should be maintained, because it facilitates safe and efficient use of muscle groups for balance and stability

A client who is 5 feet, 8 inches tall (173 cm) and weighs 220 lb (99.8 kg) is admitted to the hospital with ureteral colic, blood in the urine, and a blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg. Which is the priority objective of nursing care for this client?

Sharp, severe pain (renal colic) radiating toward the genitalia and thigh is associated with ureteral distention and must be relieved.

Arrange in order the steps involved in skin testing for an allergen causing a type I allergic reaction

The first step is to discontinue corticosteroid medications 2 weeks prior to the test to prevent a suppressed immune response. Then, on the day of testing, the test site (the inner side of the forearm) should be cleaned with soap and water to remove surface contaminants. Then drops of sera containing a known allergen should be placed on the skin. The skin is then scratched through the drop with the use of a skin testing needle. Control drops are also applied to compare reactions. Then positive signs for allergic reactions, such as erythema or wheal formation, should be observed. Finally the client should be discharged after a topical steroid is applied on the skin.