Meiosis

Haploid

1 set of chromosomes (n)

Diploid

2 sets of chromosomes (2n)

result of meiosis

4 haploid cells

Spermatogenesis

Formation of sperm

metaphase 1

Spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes and then tetrads will line up along the metaphase plate

anaphase 1

Spindle fibers move homologous chromosomes to opposite sides

anaphase 2

chromatids separate and move to opposite poles

metaphase 2

chromosomes line up, sister chromatids are not genetically identical

What does crossing over do?

increase genetic variation

Telophase 1

nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes, and the cytoplasm divides forming two daughter cells

Gamete

sex cell, contains 23 chromosomes in humans

prophase 2

spindle reforms, nuclear membrane disappears

Tetrad

structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis

Oogenesis

Egg production

telophase 2

A nuclear membrane re forms, cytoplasm pinches in

polar bodies

Cells produced in females that do not participate in reproduction

Interphase 1

Cells undergo a round of DNA replication, forming duplicate chromosomes

homologous chromosomes

Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

prophase 1

Crossing over occurs

somatic cells

body cells, contains 46 chromosomes in humans