Mental Health Chpt 3. Psychosocial Theories 1-4

Anal

In which phase of Freud's developmental stage does toilet training occur? Oral Latency Anal Genital

a supportive therapy group.

A basic function of psychiatric nurses is to implement a group that focuses on helping individuals coping with their illness. This refers to ... an interactive group. a supportive therapy group. a psychoeducational group. a cognitive behavior therapy group.

"Psychotherapy will help you adapt healthy coping mechanisms."

A client has entered treatment for substance abuse and psychotherapy. The client asks about what to expect from individual psychotherapy sessions if the client "works really hard at it." The nurse can answer the question most effectively with which response? "You'll never return to substance use again." "Working hard is the key to staying drug free." "Psychotherapy will help you understand your growth and development stage." "Psychotherapy will help you adapt healthy coping mechanisms."

Transference Transference is the client's unconscious assignment of feelings and attitudes originally associated with important figures in the client's early life to the therapist. Countertransference is the emotional reaction to the client based on the therapist's unconscious needs and conflicts.

A client is undergoing individual psychotherapy. The client is yelling at the therapist because of a fight with the client's spouse about their children several years ago. In this instance, the client is exhibiting which response? Countertransference Transference Resistance Parataxis

Frederick Perl's Gestalt therapy Frederick Perl's Gestalt therapy focuses on determination of how unmet needs are causing anxiety for the client and explores this through exercises both in a group and individually.

A client states to the nurse "I am anxious because I feel that I don't belong." The nurse recognizes that, based on the client's history of growing up in foster care, the client would benefit most from which theory use? Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Pavlov's Stimulus-Response theory Frederick Perl's Gestalt therapy King's Theory of Goal Attainment

"James, when Shane speaks, it seems you become angry and tend to withdraw."

Individual psychotherapy consists of three phases. Which statement by the group therapist would reflect that the group is in the working phase of therapy? "We will be meeting once each week for 90 minutes here at this office." "Each of you has shared ideas and thoughts about your personal development. This has been a difficult process, and you have all grown tremendously." "Shane has asked the group if it is acceptable that he be 5 minutes late to each group session because of his job." "James, when Shane speaks, it seems you become angry and tend to withdraw."

The child performs actions to earn praise from parents.

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child during a well-child visit. According to the Sullivan's stages of development, which behavior would the nurse expect to find in this child? The child may prefer to be in the mother's lap. The child spends more time with friends than family. The child performs actions to earn praise from parents. The child expresses individual views and ideas to the child's parents.

Sigmund Freud

A group of psychiatric-mental health nurses are reviewing information about different theorists who have played a role in shaping pyschiatric-mental health nursing practice. The group demonstrates understanding of the information when they identify which theorist as proposing that adult sexuality is an end product of a complex process of development that begins in early childhood and involves a variety of body functions or areas that correspond to stages of relationships, especially with parents? B. F. Skinner Sigmund Freud Erik Erikson Harry Stack Sullivan

family dynamics

A nurse is performing discharge planning for a client who will be returning home to live with family members. Which concept will be most important for the nurse in considering client needs? formal support system family dynamics transference modeling

free association.

A nurse is watching a video that depicts a client and therapist interacting. The client is asked to say whatever comes to the client's mind. The nurse identifies this as: dream work. free association. gestalt therapy. classical conditioning.

Restructure how a person perceives events.

A nurse working in a psychiatric facility identifies the goal of cognitive therapy (CT) to be what? Change events in a person's life. Restructure how a person perceives events. Help the person maintain all thoughts and behaviors. Redirect all events in a person's life.

"Even though your parents started coming for help because of their relationship with each other, a problem in one part of the family affects everyone in the family."

Against her wishes, a 14-year-old daughter has accompanied her parents to a family therapy session. Ongoing marital problems had prompted the parents to seek weekly counseling, though this is the first time that their daughter has attended. Which of the nurse-therapist's statements provides the best rationale for the daughter's attendance at this therapy session? "Even though your parents started coming for help because of their relationship with each other, a problem in one part of the family affects everyone in the family." "Your parents and I are hoping that we can teach you some conflict management strategies that you can use to intervene when your parents disagree at home." "Part of your responsibility as a member of a family is to devote time and energy to helping others, including your parents' marriage." "Even though none of this has a direct impact on you, we all believe that you deserve to be informed about what is happening in your parents' marriage."

A process of learning and human development

Psychotherapy is defined as what? A type of psychoanalysis A process of learning and human development A form of behavior therapy that includes behavior modification Used for clients with Axis I disorders

Rational emotive behavior therapy

The concept that irrational beliefs lead to negative emotions underlies which psychotherapeutic approach? Gestalt therapy Choice therapy Solution-focused therapy Rational emotive behavior therapy

Emotional reactions

The goal of cognitive therapy is to restructure how a person perceives events in his or her life to facilitate behavioral change and what? Belief change Perceptual change Emotional reactions Relationship change

B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning

The nurse explains to the client that extra television time will be awarded based on appropriate behavior during group therapy. Which theorist's concepts is the nurse utilizing? B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning Erik Erikson's psychosocial development Frederick Perl's Gestalt therapy Melanie Klein's play therapy

Telling the client that it is normal to feel sad when someone has died.

The nurse is caring for a client postoperatively who has recently experienced a family member's death. The nurse is demonstrating empathetic linkage with the client with which action? Explaining to the client that pain medication will be administered soon. Asking the client about whether a support system is available after discharge. Telling the client that it is normal to feel sad when someone has died. Offering to help the client with picking out meal selections for the next day.

Orientation

The nurse is explaining the hospital routines and expectations to a newly admitted client. The nurse also asks if the client has any questions surrounding the admission. Which stage is this according to Peplau's concept of the nurse-patient therapeutic relationship? Orientation Identification Exploitation Resolution

Change distorted thinking and the subsequent behaviors

The nurse is working with a client seeking treatment for bulimia and determines that cognitive restructuring will help build the client's self-esteem. Which best describes the goals of cognitive restructuring? Avoid negative self-talk Find a sounding board for identifying and discussing feelings Change distorted thinking and the subsequent behaviors Use adaptive defense mechanisms

Generativity vs. stagnation

The nurse observes an elderly client teaching an adolescent how to crochet a pot holder. The nurse evaluates this behavior as evidence of resolution of Erickson's developmental stage of what? Trust vs. mistrust Initiative vs. guilt Industry vs. inferiority Generativity vs. stagnation

Conflict and cooperation among group members.

The working stage of group therapy is marked by which characteristic? Conflict and cooperation among group members. Members' propensity to leave the group. Therapists' tendency to "back off" to allow the group to work. Group members' concern about confidentiality issues.

bringing about a change in feelings, attitudes, thinking, and behavior

What best describes the use of psychotherapy as a mental health intervention? a type of psychoanalysis bringing about a change in feelings, attitudes, thinking, and behavior a form of behavior therapy that includes behavior modification used for clients with Axis I disorders

Physiological

What is the most basic need, according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs? Safety and security Love and belonging Self-actualization Physiological

The client is beginning to develop inner control over aggressive impulses.

When assessing a client from a Freudian developmental perspective, the nurse determines that the client is functioning in the latency stage based on which behavior? The client frequently bites the other children at preschool. The client has not yet developed adequate bowel control. The client is beginning to develop inner control over aggressive impulses. The client has developed the capacity for object relations.

Facilitating the nurse's understanding of how these beliefs affect the client's perception of the disorder

When the psychiatric nurse is aware of the cultural beliefs of a client diagnosed with bipolar disorder, the therapeutic process is most enhanced by what? Facilitating the nurse's understanding of how these beliefs affect the client's perception of the disorder Strengthening the therapeutic nature of the nurse-client relationship through mutual respect Facilitating the nurse's ability to effectively empathize with the client Showing the client that the nurse is truly interested in the client as a person

Encouraging participation by all members

Which action by the group leader demonstrates effective leadership? Firmly disciplining negative behavior Using autocratic leadership strategies Encouraging participation by all members Conducting meetings based on personality attributes

Seeking similarities

Which action reflects group development in the initial stage? Evaluating the group experience Focusing on group accomplishments Engaging in conflicts Seeking similarities

operant conditioning

Which concept states that if a certain behavior is rewarded with praise, the behavior will probably be repeated? modeling self-efficacy operant conditioning behaviorism

Keeping the group on task by restating goals

Which indicates that the nurse, acting as a leader for a group of recovering clients with alcohol abuse, is addressing the responsibility of maintaining the group's process? Deciding how often the group will meet Selecting individuals for membership in the group Keeping the group on task by restating goals Determining that the group's format will be closed

A college freshman who is experiencing intense anxiety in the days before the client's final exams

Which individual is most likely to benefit from brief cognitive therapy? A hospitalized client who has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, paranoid type A college freshman who is experiencing intense anxiety in the days before the client's final exams A client who has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa A client with major depression who is scheduled to begin electroconvulsive therapy

Develop an overzealous commitment to one form of therapy, ignoring the benefits that other types of therapies may have for a given individual.

Which is one common mistake that people working in the helping professions do when applying theory to the therapeutic process? Provide a biological approach to helping with psychiatric disorders by giving several medications at one time. Give medications along with psychotherapy. Develop an overzealous commitment to one form of therapy, ignoring the benefits that other types of therapies may have for a given individual. Deny access to care by restricting clients to only one form of therapy.

Interpersonal theory

Which nursing theory focuses on the nurse-client relationship and development of problem-solving skills? Behavioral nursing theory Interpersonal theory Adaptation theory Theory of human becoming

group cohesion

Which therapeutic factor refers to the group members' relationships to the therapist and other group members? catharsis group cohesion altruism universality

information seeker The task role of information seeker is one in which the group member asks for clarification. The coordinator shows or clarifies the relationships among various ideas and suggestions. The recorder writes suggestions, keeps minutes, and serves as the group memory. The standard setter expresses the standards for the group to achieve.

While participating in a group therapy session, one group member consistently asks for clarification of the topic the group is discussing. The nurse leading the group interprets this behavior as reflecting which group role? coordinator recorder information seeker standard setter

countertransference

While working with an older male client, a nurse begins to think of the client as a grandfather and responds to the client as a grandchild. The nurse is developing what type of emotional reaction? empathy transference countertransference modeling