Metamorphic rocks
What controls slope stability?
is the potential of soil covered slopes to withstand and undergo movement. Stability is determined by the balance of shear stress and shear strength.
is the process where rocks previously metamorphosed under high-grade conditions are later metamorphosed under low-grade condition
retrograde metamorphism
What is mass wasting?
slope movement or mass movement
The eclogite facies occurs in which pressure-temperature regime?
Area g
Which of the following rocks represents the highest metamorphic grade?
gneiss
Which of the following metamorphic rocks is not paired with its true parent rock?
hornfels - dolomite
For the Barrovian sequence given above intensity of metamorphism:
increases from left to right
Which of the following metamorphic rocks can not form from a shale
marble
What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering?
Chemical weathering involves a chemical change in at least some of the minerals within a rock. Mechanical weathering involves physically breaking rocks into fragments without changing the chemical make-up of the minerals within it.
A normal geothermal gradient is approximately
30 degrees C per km
Which mineral is responsible for the strong foliation in a schist
Mica
Which of the following processes will cause metamorphism?
a change in the chemical environment an increase in temperature an increase in pressure
A geothermometer is?
a mineral assemblage that can reveal the minimum temperature attained during heating
What are soils?
a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.
In the figure above, the A isograd is the ________ isograd
biotite
Which of the following metamorphic rocks forms in the forearc of a subduction zone?
blueschist
Which type of pressure will result in the alignment of metamorphic minerals?
directed pressure
A rock that has undergone cataclastic metamorphism would most likely display which of the following?
pulverized rock fragments
During metamorphism a quartz arenite will change into what type of rock?
quartzite
A combination of shallow earthquakes, tension, and contact metamorphism characterizes
spreading centers
In regional metamorphism the source of increased temperature and pressure is
the increase in temperature with increasing depth of burial
Which of the following is not used to classify foliated rocks?
the texture of the parent rock
Which of the following statements about metamorphism of a shale is false?
with increasing metamorphism, the grain size of the minerals gets smaller
The greenschist facies occurs in which pressure-temperature regime?
Area f
metamorphic rocks with segregated light and dark minerals are called
Gneiss
What type of metamorphism is caused by high temperature and high pressure imposed over a large volume of crust?
Regional
The pressure and heat that drive metamorphism result from which three forces?
The internal heat of the Earth, the weight of overlying rocks, and horizontal pressures developed as rocks become deformed
What factors control weathering rates?
Warm, humid climates, such as the tropics, tend to experience higher rates or weathering, than cold, dry climates.
During metamorphism, changes in the bulk composition of a rock occur primarily as a result of __________?
reaction with hydrothermal fluids
What controls soils development?
the combination of time, climate, parent material, topography and relief, and organismsnormally determines the kind of soil developing in any given place
What is the relationship between metamorphic foliation and sedimentary bedding?
there is no regular relationship between sedimentary bedding and metamorphic foliation
Which of the following sets is arranged in order of increasing metamorphic grade?
shale - slate - phyllite
Which of the following index minerals forms at the highest metamorphic grade?
sillimanite
Metasomatism is
the change in the bulk composition of a rock during metamorphism
A rock rich in garnet and pyroxene that forms at extremely high pressures and moderate to high temperatures is called a(n) _________ .
eclogite
The parallel alignment of mica in a metamorphic rock is an example of ______.
foliation
What is the most prominent textural feature of regional metamorphic rocks??:
foliation
In the figure above, what mineral would not be present in zone B?
garnet
Within a 50 mile traverse you walk from a shale into a slate into a phyllite. You are walking in the direction of
increasing metamorphic grade
A Geologist suffers from a black eye after yelling "Gneiss!!!" to a classmate, who happened to be sunning on a large boulder. The geologist really meant to tell the classmate that the rock they were laying on
is a high-grade, silicate-rich, mineralogically banded metamorphic rock
In the figure above, the C isograd is the _________ isograd
kyanite
In the figure above, zone D should contain which of the following minerals?
kyanite
Marble is a metamorphic rock that forms from a ___________ parent
limestone
In contact metamorphism there is a
local heat source
Which of the following rocks can be considered gradational between an igneous rock and a metamorphic rock
migmatite
The zeolite facies occurs in which pressure-temperature regime?
area A
Hydrothermal metamorphism is very common in which of the following settings?
at mid-ocean ridges
In which of the following metamorphic environments would you expect to find bedding and other sedimentary structures to be preserved.
burial metamorphism
What is the pressure on a rock at 15 kilometers depth?
about 5000 times atmospheric
Metamorphism occurs ______.
adjacent to igneous intrusions along faults in subduction zones