methods test 1 true/false

A good exploratory research study removes the need to conduct explanatory studies on the same topic

False

A misuse of authority occurs when experts publicly discuss their area of expertise

False

All quality social science research is tightly intertwined with social theory

False

Anonymity and confidentiality are two different names for the same concept

False

Cohorts are defined by birth year only

False

Debriefing entails discussing any potential threats to the participants in research before they take part, during the informed consent process

False

Deliberately choosing a specific research paradigm in order to get specific results is totally acceptable.

False

Every observation is quantitative at the outset

False

Everyone agrees that Tom's research does NOT inflict physical harm on subjects. Tom is pleased by this conclusion because it means that he no longer has to be concerned with the issue of harm to subjects.

False

Feminist paradigms focus only on how inequities hurt women

False

IRBs work to insure that the agency doing the research is protected against lawsuits by human subjects

False

Idiographic explanations are inductive and nomothetic explanations are deductive.

False

If an exception is found to a sociological pattern, the pattern is invalid

False

If you do not do research, the study of social science research methods is of little use in your life.

False

In deduction we start from observed data and develop a generalization that explains the relationship between the observed concepts.

False

In the traditional scientific method, the first step is developing a theory

False

Nomothetic reasoning is more useful than idiographic reasoning

False

Once people are told that their participation in a research study is voluntary, there are no ethical problems.

False

One exception disproves a nomothetic causal explanation

False

Only experimental research and face-to-face interviews are subject to ethical concerns.

False

Only names, birthdates, and social security numbers are considered identifying data.

False

Research designs are descriptive, explanatory, or exploratory—never more than one.

False

Social scientists are totally objective in their research

False

Social scientists generally believe that the succession from one paradigm to another represents progress from a false view to a true one.

False

Sophisticated positivists assume that humans will always act rationally

False

The concept of free will is also known as determinism

False

The conflict paradigm is limited to economic analysis

False

The deductive model tends to link to theory development and the inductive model to theory testing

False

The independent variable must occur later in time than the dependent variable

False

The traditional model of science uses inductive logic

False

The units of analysis and the aggregates that we generalize about are the same.

False

Theo is excited because he received a grant from the National Institute of Health to conduct his study. As an undergraduate student he is exempt from bringing his research before his school's IRB.

False

Theory that is logically inconsistent is acceptable as long as it is empirically accurate

False

There is never a time that we should generalize

False

Two variables that are highly correlated by definition have a casual relationship

False

We always want to reject the null hypothesis when conducting research

False

You must always have a fully developed theory before beginning observations

False

A research proposal describes what you intend to accomplish and how

True

All of our experiences are inescapably subjective

True

Any agency wishing to receive federal funds for research must establish an Institutional Review Board (IRB).

True

At the conclusion of his research project, Fred interviews his research subjects to discover whether they have problems because of their participation in the research project. Fred is engaged in the debriefing process

True

Causal relationships can be true even if they do not apply in a majority of cases

True

Cross-sectional studies can be used to approximate a longitudinal study

True

Descriptive research answers the question "What's so?" and explanatory research answers the question "Why?"

True

It is often as important to report that two variables are unrelated as to report that they are related.

True

Panel attrition is comparable to experimental mortality

True

Patterns of cause and effect are probabilistic in nature.

True

Political issues tend to focus on substance and the use of research

True

Researchers ignore previous work on a topic so that their research can be original

True

Scientific inquiry is a process involving an alternation of deduction and induction

True

Social regularities are probabilistic patterns

True

Social scientific theory aims at the determination of logical and persistent patterns of regularities in social life

True

Social scientists agree that objectivity is necessary for research

True

The basis of knowledge is agreement.

True

The ecological fallacy refers to drawing conclusions about individuals based solely on the observation of groups

True

The idea that knowledge is based on observations made through the five senses rather than on beliefs is called positivism.

True

The nomothetic model of causal analysis lends itself to hypothesis testing.

True

The nomothetic model of explanation is probabilistic in its approach to causation

True

The norm of voluntary participation threatens the social research goal of generalizability

True

The variable age has the attribute of 18 to 24.

True

Theory is directly relevant to "why" questions.

True

We can predict without understanding.

True

While our subjectivity is individual, our search for objectivity is social

True

A necessary condition represents a condition that, if it is present, will pretty much guarantee the effect in question

False (sufficient cause, not necessary)

Operationalization is the process of clarifying what is meant by the concepts being used in a study

False (this is conceptualization)

Dr. Smith is conducting research by spending time and participating in a new Internet community in order to learn more about what they do and why they do it. Dr. Smith is conducting explanatory research.

False (this is exploratory)

A cross-sectional study is a specific type of longitudinal research.

False (cross-sectional is one point in time)