MGMT 2103 CH. 5

two common reinforcement schedules used to change behavior

- continuous - intermittent

extinction

not returning phone calls of an insurance salesman so he will stop calling is the strategy for changing behavior

rewarding employees with perfect attendance records w/ $100 check is

positive reinforcement

punishment

process of weakening an undesired behavior by the contingent presentation of something displeasing or the withdrawal of something positive

performance management

process that defines expectations, evaluates performance against the expectations, and provides consequences

intermittent reinforcement

reinforcement of some, but not all instances of a target behavior

Skinner concluded that behavior is

respondent and operant

negative reinforcement

strengthening a desired behavior by removing a displeasing consequence

continuous reinforcement schedule

a target behavior is rewarded every time it occurs

Thorndike's law of effect

- Behaviors with unfavorable consequences tend to disappear - Behaviors with favorable consequences tend to be repeated

reinforcement theory states you can

- increase desired behaviors by providing pleasing consequences - strengthen desired behaviors by withdrawing a displeasing consequence

components of performance appraisal process

- monitoring performance - providing consequences - defining expectations

effective variable rewards examples

- spot rewards - celebrations of milestones - variable bonuses for achieving major goals

reinforcement schedules that produce strongest behavior that is most resistant to extinction

- variable ratio schedules - variable interval schedules

Skinner's operant theory

there is a purposeful if-then link between a target behavior and a consequence