MGMT 241 - Chapter 13

What should be included in your plan to send a message?

Before sending a message, you should answer these what, who, how, when, and where questions: What? What is the goal of the message? What do you want the end result of the communication to be? Who? Determine who should receive the message. How? With the receiver(s) in mind, plan how you will encode the message so that it will be understood. Select the appropriate channel(s) for the audience and situation. When? When will the message be transmitted? Timing is important. Where? Decide where the message will be transmitted (setting).

What is the difference between nonverbal and oral and written communication?

Both oral and written communication uses words, but nonverbal doesn't use words.

What are the four ways to get feedback on messages?

The four ways to get feedback on messages are (1) Be open to feedback. (2) Be aware of nonverbal communication. (3) Ask questions. (4) Paraphrase.

What is media richness?

Media richness refers to the amount of information and meaning conveyed through a channel. The more information and meaning, the "richer" the channel.

Why is criticism important to the individual and organization?

Criticism should be used to improve performance.

What is the difference between encoding and decoding?

Encoding is the sender's process of putting the message into a form that the receiver will understand. Decoding is the receiver's process of translating a message into meaningful form.

What is filtering?

Filtering is the process of altering or distorting information to project a more favorable image.

What is the difference between setting and body language?

The setting refers to where the communication takes place (physical surroundings), whereas body language includes facial expressions, vocal quality, gestures, and posture.

What takes place during the information systems process?

Through the information systems process, input data are transformed or processed into output information.

What are the differences among vertical, horizontal, and grapevine communication?

Vertical communication is the flow of information both downward and upward through the organization chain of command. It is also called formal communication because information that flows this way is recognized as the officially sanctioned information. Horizontal communication is the flow of information between colleagues and peers. It is formal communication, but it does not follow the chain of command; instead, it is multidirectional. The grapevine is the informal flow of information of information in any direction throughout an organization. It is informal communication because it is not official or sanctioned by management.

Why should you listen, analyze, and then check understanding?

You have to listen first so that you can hear the message. You analyze second so that you can think about, decode, and evaluate the message. You should check understanding third to be sure that the message has been communicated effectively.