MGMT 3013 CHAP 9-14 EXAM
Use a merit pay system
How should you deal with an employee who has an internal locus of control? Assign highly structured jobs Pay a flat wage rate Provide close supervision Use a merit pay system
behavioral
"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude? affective cognitive behavioral value
attitude
A learned predisposition toward a given object is a(n) _______.
demoted or demotion
An employee may be _______, or moved downward to a job with lower responsibilities and pay, if he or she performs poorly for an extended period.
sideways
An employee transfer within an organization is thought of as moving ______, because the employee is moving to a position of similar responsibility. out up sideways down
Adverse Treatment
An organization uses an employment practice or procedure that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class over another group of people. Adverse Impact Disparate Treatment
leaders; managers
An organization's vision and strategic plan is created by ______ and then implemented by ______. managers; supervisors leaders; managers managers; leaders supervisors; nonsupervisory employees
sexual harrasment
Angela's boss has repeatedly asked her to go out with him and has suggested that her repeated refusals may negatively impact her next performance review. Angela's boss is guilty of _____. adverse impact affirmative action sexual harassment disparate treatment
reinforcement
Anything that causes a given behavior to be repeated or inhibited is known as ______. gainsharing dissonance onboarding reinforcement
selection
Applications, résumés, interviews, and employment tests are all ________ tools. selection sorting recruiting investigation
employee-centered
As a leader, Ervan mentors new employees, encourages socialization, and worries more about building trust than building profits. Ervan is probably a ________ leader. initiating-structure production-centered task-oriented employee-centered
legitimate
As shift supervisor, Cassandra developed the schedule for the day, indicating which of her staff would be doing which job. The staff follows this schedule because of Cassandra's ______ power. referent legitimate reward expert
design.
Dividing work among employees and applying motivational theories to increase employee satisfaction are the two components of job: enlargement. enrichment. simplification. design.
psychological empowerment
Employees' belief that they have some degree of control over their work is referred to as ______. ethical enhancement e-leadership psychological empowerment referent power
Closed Shop
Employers may hire only workers who are already in the union. Closed Shop Union Shop Agency Shop Open Shop
validity
Employers must consider an employment test's ________, meaning whether or not it measures what it purports to measure. reliability consistency legal defensibility validity
outputs; equity
Equity Theory suggests that because Uber's base salary is on par with other tech giants then employees across these organizations at least have similar ________ and would perceive there to be ________. inputs; neutrality outputs; equity outputs; neutrality outputs; inequity inputs; equity
Fairness Justice
Equity theory is focused on explaining how people work to achieve which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) Fairness Justice Motivation Dissonance
Worker motivation Job satisfaction
Ethical leadership encourages which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.) Intention to quit Worker motivation Job satisfaction Job stress
a halo effect.
Even before Khosrowshahi made any substantial moves or changes to lead Uber, the fact that his overall demeanor and personal style created a positive view about his leadership of Uber was created by implicit bias. a horn effect. a halo effect. a recency effect. fundamental attribution bias.
halo effect
Forming a positive impression of an individual based on a single trait is called _____. halo effect stereotyping selective perception causal attribution
- Work experience - Education attainment - Discrimination against women
Identify the factors contributing to the pay gap's persistence between women and men. (select all that apply) - Men's underrepresentation in high-paying jobs - Work experience - Education attainment - Discrimination against women - 0Discrimination against men
Employee compensation Employee benefits Job security Working conditions
Identify the items that are included in negotiations between management and employees while they are engaged in collective bargaining. (Choose every correct answer.) Employee compensation Employee benefits Tax rates and payments Job security Working conditions
personality
Identify what constitute the combination of traits, which result from the interaction of genes and environment. locus of control personality ethnocentrism perception
validity
If employers use a test to try to predict future job performance, it is vital that the test have ______ to ensure that it actually measures performance related to the job and is free from bias. deniability validity popularity modeling
social awareness
If you completed an online training to improve your empathy, you would be targeting which dimension of emotional intelligence? self-awareness relationship management self-management social awareness
- attitudes and beliefs that we unconsciously hold about groups of people
Implicit bias is characterized by the ______. - impressions we form about others based on a single trait - characteristics we consciously ascribe to certain groups - attitudes and beliefs that we unconsciously hold about groups of people
Extraversion
In addition to emotional intelligence and agreeableness, what is a common positive interpersonal attribute of leaders? Extraversion Conscientiousness Machiavellianism Narcissism
inputs
In equity theory, the education, experience, and skills that individuals contribute to their organizations are examples of ______. motivations inputs outputs comparisons
Bonuses Praise Pay
In equity theory, the outputs received from an organization include which of the following? Bonuses Effort Praise Pay
path-goal
In the ________ leadership model, a leader makes desirable rewards available in the workplace and clarifies how followers can obtain them. relationship-oriented transformational contingency path-goal
personal characteristics
In the fundamental attribution bias, a person attributes the behavior of another person to _____. situational factors halo effect self-fulfilling prophecy personal characteristics
promotion
Last week Jordan's boss told him he was moving him from sales team manager to the director of sales. This career move represents a _____. demotion transfer promotion downsizing
Type A behavior pattern
Laura talks fast, walks fast, eats fast, and is in a constant rush to accomplish everything she thinks she needs to do. Which of the following BEST describes Laura's behavior? Organizational citizenship behavior Type A behavior pattern Self-serving bias Proactive personality
expert
Medical knowledge possessed by doctors results in their ________ power. expert reward informational legitimate
trait
Morgan considers Jessica an effective leader because she is intelligent, has high energy, and displays self-confidence. Morgan is characterizing Jessica based on which approach to leadership? Transformational Market Situational Trait
legitimate
Mycah complains to her boss about working overtime by saying, "I don't see why I have to finish this project tonight." Her boss responds, "Because I'm the boss and I say so, that's why." Mycah's boss is displaying ______ power. expert legitimate reward referent
- Let me show you a trick that will save you some time and effort.
Myra notices that one of her employees has been wasting time and resources by performing a task incorrectly. Which statement is the most effective form of feedback? - If you enjoy working here, I suggest you find a way to work faster. - Let me show you a trick that will save you some time and effort. - You're doing that wrong. - Do you know how much longer you take than your co-workers?
Leading for meaningfulness
Natalie loves her work at the shoe production facility. She is inspired by the company because, for every pair of shoes someone buys, the company gives a pair of shoes to a child in need. What type of leadership is this company providing that empowers Natalie? Leading for self-determination Leading for competence Leading for progress Leading for meaningfulness
benefits
Nicole receives ______, such as sick-leave days, vacation days, and free parking, from her employer. incentives bonuses benefits wages
task-oriented
Nicole runs a "tight ship" in her department. She expects her staff to follow the rules and procedures and is hands-on when it comes to making sure that the organization's production and productivity goals are met. Nicole would best be described as displaying ______ behaviors. task-oriented transformational passive relationship-oriented
To outsmart automated tracking systems To match the stated job requirements To hide deficiencies in technical skills
On resumes and application forms, why do job seekers make statements or insert key words that do not truthfully describe their qualifications? (Select all that apply) To outsmart automated tracking systems To match the stated job requirements To demonstrate their initiative and creativity To hide deficiencies in technical skills
needs
Physiological or psychological deficiencies that arouse behavior are called ______. needs problems processes theories
socialized
Power directed at helping others, as opposed to helping oneself, is known as ______ power. legitimate expert socialized coercive
incentives
Profit-sharing plans, commissions, bonuses, and stock options are examples of incentives. wages. salaries. benefits.
self awareness
The ability to read your own emotions and gauge your moods accurately self awareness self management social awareness relationship management
social awareness
The ability to show others that you care and your understanding of how your emotions and actions affect others self awareness self management social awareness relationship management
Employees want more responsibility, challenges, and variety. Employees are underutilized.
The concept of fitting jobs to people is based on what ideas? (Choose every correct answer.) Employees want more responsibility, challenges, and variety. Employees will eventually adapt to their positions. Employees are underutilized. Employees can only handle a limited number of tasks.
performance managament
The continuous cycle of improving job performance through defining performance, monitoring and evaluating performance, reviewing performance, and providing consequences is known as _____. performance appraisal performance management training development
learned helplessness
The debilitating lack of faith in your ability to control your environment is referred to as ______. learned helplessness cognitive dissonance self-efficacy relationship management
human capital
The economic or protective potential of employee experience, actions, and knowledge is referred to as ______. reimbursement employee development worker skill human capital
task significance
The extent to which a job affects the lives of others, whether inside or outside the organization skill variety task identity task significance autonomy feedback
autonomy
The extent to which a job allows the worker to make choices about scheduling different tasks and/or deciding how to perform them skill variety task identity task significance autonomy feedback
skill variety
The extent to which a job requires a worker to use a wide range of different abilities skill variety task identity task significance autonomy feedback
task identity
The extent to which a job requires the worker to perform everything needed to complete the job from beginning to end skill variety task identity task significance autonomy feedback
locus of control
The extent to which people believe that they control their fate through their own efforts is called _____. self-efficacy self-esteem causal attribution locus of control
feedback
The extent to which workers receive clear, direct information about how well they are performing the job skill variety task identity task significance autonomy feedback
satisfaction
The extent to which you feel positive or negative about various aspects of your work is called job ______. satisfaction commitment competency security
motivate employees to work harder for more money
The goal of an incentive compensation plan is to ______. encourage employees to be more autonomous punish employees who do not work hard motivate employees to work harder for more money provide a simple mechanism for paying employees
- each relationship between leaders and followers is distinctive.
The leader-member exchange (LMX) model of leadership posits that - specific traits and characteristics result in effective leadership. - each relationship between leaders and followers is distinctive. - relational quality between leaders and followers is only important for LMX, not other leadership models. - high-quality relationships between managers and subordinates increases turnover.
influence; facilitate
The leadership aspect of managerial leaders is to ______, while the management part is to ______. facilitate; influence influence; facilitate punish; coerce coerce; punish
security clause
The part of the labor-management agreement that states that employees who receive union benefits must join the union (or at least pay dues) is called the union _____. right-to-work law shop security clause agency
the Big Five personality dimensions
The personality dimensions of extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience are referred to as _____. external dimensions of diversity elements of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator a Type A behavior pattern the Big Five personality dimensions
reward
The phrase "the power of the purse strings," meaning that managers can approve raises and other monetary incentives for employees, describes which type of power? Coercive Expert Reward Referent
perception
The process of interpreting and understanding one's environment is called ______. attribution sensation perception personalization
recruiting
The process of locating and attracting qualified applicants either outside or inside an organization for jobs open in the organization is called _____. entrepreneurialism arbitrage recruiting forecasting
reward
power that results from managers' authority to give subordinates bonuses or other incentives for doing a good job is ______ power. coercive reward legitimate referent
niccolo machiavelli
who is a machiavellian leader? niccolo machiavelli nicholas machiavellian nick machiavelli niccalo machiavellian
Having plastic surgery to look younger Shortening work histories on social media
How are older workers dealing with age discrimination? (Choose every correct answer.) Using makeup to look older Having plastic surgery to look younger Sharing jobs with their grandchildren Shortening work histories on social media
Needs are something we learn from our culture.
How does McClelland view needs? Needs must be satisfied in order, beginning with safety needs. Needs are all related to our desire for power. We are born with needs. Needs are something we learn from our culture.
esteem
Self- ________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves.
leader behaviors
Supportive, value-based, and work facilitation are examples of the ________ element in House's revised path-goal leadership model. leader behaviors environmental factors employee characteristics leadership effectiveness
union security
The _____ clause in a collective bargaining agreement sets forth that employees who receive union benefits must join the union or pay union dues. right-to-work giveback grievance union security
recency
The _____ effect is the tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information. self-serving bias attribution recency
relationship management
The ability to communicate clearly, disarm conflicts and build strong personal bonds self awareness self management social awareness relationship management
self management
The ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity self awareness self management social awareness relationship management
leadership.
The ability to influence employees to voluntarily pursue organizational goals is referred to as: control. power. management. leadership.
human capital
Sexual harassment can prevent people from performing their best due to making them feel uncomfortable or unsafe in their workplace. This means that the type of harassment alleged to be taking place against some Uber employees could negatively impact those employees' social capital. knowledge capital. human capital. job capital. financial capital.
hassles
Simple irritants, such as misplacing your keys or a phone number, are referred to as ______. hassles crises hindrance stressors strong stressors
global mind-set
Your belief in your ability to influence people who are unlike you in a global context is called a ______. coalition tactic global mind-set dark triad conceptual skill
Employee engagement
_____ is defined as an individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm for work. Emotional intelligence Self-efficacy Employee aggregation Employee engagement
Ethnocentrism
_____ is the belief that one's native country, culture, language, abilities, and/or behavior are superior to those of another culture. Ethnocentrism Individual morality Ecocentrism Stereotyping
Diversity
_____ represents all the ways people are unlike and alike - the differences and similarities in age, gender, race, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, capabilities, and socioeconomic background. Diversity Inclusion Difference
Human resource
______ management refers to the activities related to planning for, attracting, developing and retaining an effective workforce. Supervisory Business operations Financial Human resource
reliability
If research shows that a particular test measures the same thing consistently, the test has high: modeling. reliability. validity. legitimacy.
union
A labor _________ is an organization of employees formed to protect and advance members' interests by bargaining with management over job-related issues.
initiating-structure
A manager who exhibits ______ leadership behavior will pay more attention to production costs than employee morale. charismatic transformational employee-centered initiating-structure
piece rate
A pay-for-performance plan in which employees are paid according to their productivity is referred to as ______. gainsharing profit sharing piece rate commission
Performance feedback Assessment of performance
A performance appraisal is likely to contain which two of the following types of information? (Choose every correct answer.) Performance feedback Job analysis Assessment of performance Realistic job preview On-the-job training
Focus on listening Commitment to the growth of people
A servant leader would display which of the following characteristics? (Choose every correct answer.) Focus on informational technology Narcissism Focus on listening Commitment to the growth of people
Two-factor theory
A survey showed that while most employees were pleased with the company's advancement opportunities and merit system, they were dissatisfied with factors such as pay scale and sharing an office with someone they disliked. These results exemplify which theory of motivation? Two-factor theory Self-determination theory Acquired needs theory Hierarchy of needs theory
situational
A(n) ______ interview is one in which the interviewer focuses on hypothetical scenarios, such as "What would you do if a customer used profane language in speaking to you?" behavioral situational unstructured performance
employment
Ability, performance, and personality tests are three of the most common types of ______ tests. employment marketing service production
values
Abstract ideals that guide a person's thinking and behavior in all situations are called ______. ambitions values endeavors behaviors
Social awareness Self-management Self-awareness Relationship management
According to Daniel Goleman, which traits make up emotional intelligence? (Choose every correct answer.) Social awareness Self-monitoring Self-management Self-awareness Relationship management
Task-oriented Relationship-oriented
According to Fiedler's contingency leadership model, which two of the following are seen as leader orientations or styles? (Choose every correct answer.) Task-oriented Relationship-oriented Customer-oriented Performance-oriented
esteem
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory, which "need" is fulfilled by the bonuses that are made available to Uber employees (e.g., the performance-based bonuses for non-drivers, the referral bonuses for drivers). physiological love esteem safety self-actualization
achievement; personal
According to McClelland's Acquired Needs Theory, drivers are likely to attempt to earn high star ratings to fulfill their need for ________, and use ________ power to influence how customers rate them. affiliation; personal achievement; affiliation affiliation; institutional achievement; institutional achievement; personal
expectancy, instrumentality, and valence.
According to Victor Vroom, the three primary elements that determine how willing an employee is to work hard at tasks important to an organization are expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. distribution, procedure, and interaction. motivation, recognition, and hygiene. achievement, affiliation, and power.
self-determination
According to ________ theory, competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the primary motivations for behavior. acquired needs two-factor hierarchy of needs self-determination
Experience Training Effort
According to equity theory, which of the following would be characterized as inputs? (Choose every correct answer.) Experience Praise Training Effort
grievance
According to his union contract, James is supposed to work no more than eight hours of overtime each week. For the past four weeks, he has had to work 12 hours of overtime. He has decided to file a complaint that his agreement has been violated. This complaint is known as a _____. negotiation grievance COLA giveback
Self-awareness
According to psychologist Daniel Goleman, what is the most essential trait of emotional intelligence? Self-management Social awareness Relationship management Self-awareness
Community Excitement Significance
According to research findings, followers seek and admire leaders who create which of these feelings? (Choose every correct answer.) Community Uncertainty Excitement Significance
Competence, autonomy and relatedness
According to self-determination theory, people's behavior and well-being are influenced by what three innate needs? Competence, autonomy and relatedness Self-actualization, esteem, and safety Achievement, power, and affiliation Hygiene factors, motivators, and expectancy
- Train them on task and relationship management.
According to the behavioral approaches to leadership, how should companies create effective managers? - Train them on task and relationship management. - Select them based on their traits. - Create a culture of unquestioning loyalty and rules. - Impose severe punishments for employee negligence.
buffers
Administrative changes that managers can make to reduce the stressors that lead to employee burnout are called _____. stressors perks leading buffers
low self-esteem.
After William's boss asked him to compile sales figures for the past three years, William pulled together the information and turned it over to his boss. After several days of not getting any feedback from his boss, William worried that he hadn't done a good job in presenting the information. William is demonstrating: a proactive personality. low self-esteem. self-efficacy. the halo effect.
humility
Although some people view ______ as a weakness, it is actually the belief that something greater than oneself exists. humility authenticity bias mistrust
ability and performance tests
As the number of Uber drivers grows at a rapid rate, the company benefits from the fact that one of the few hiring tests it needs to ensure drivers pass is already done for them—the driving test needed to receive a driver's license. In the framework of employment tests, which type of test(s) does a driving test qualify as? personality test performance test integrity test ability test ability and performance tests
counter productive work behaviors
Assume that Khosrowshahi has a high level of prosocial motivation. Based on this individual difference, which of the following prosocial behaviors could decrease at Uber? proactivity compassion counter productive work behaviors knowledge sharing organizational citizenship behaviors
expectancy
Assume that an Uber driver refuses to take advantage of an incentive the company is offering because they believe that no matter how many rides provided, they will not be able to meet the incentive requirements. What element of expectancy theory is involved here? reinforcement expectancy valence equity instrumentality
reward
At the completion of a long project, Aileen gives her assistant a day off with pay to acknowledge all of his hard work. This is an example of ______ power. referent coercive expert reward
trait
Attempts to identify distinctive characteristics that account for the effectiveness of leaders are called the ______ approaches to leadership. contingency full-range behavioral trait
Baran should test every applicant in the pool or none at all.
Baran wants to begin drug testing applicants before he hires them to work for his hotel. Which of the following is true and sound advice for Baran? - Drug testing is prohibited by law, but alcohol testing is permitted. - Baran should begin drug testing because an increasing number of employers are drug testing applicants. - Baran should test every applicant in the pool or none at all. - Drug testing is prohibited by federal law, but it is permitted in most states.
referent
Based on testimonials from those who know Khosrowshahi, he is a genuinely likable person. This gives him what source of power? referent reward legitimate coercive expert
Actions Judgements
Behavior is defined as the combination of which two elements? (Choose every correct answer.) Actions Reputation Intelligence Judgments
achievement-oriented; supportive
Both Kalanick and Khosrowshahi have different leadership styles based on the revised path-goal theory. Kalanick is more of a(n) ________ leader while Khosrowshahi is more of a(n) ________ leader. group-oriented decision making; supportive achievement-oriented; supportive interaction facilitation; achievement-oriented supportive; representation and networking representation and networking; achievement-oriented
bonuses
Cash awards given to employees who achieve specific performance objectives are called ______. salaries stock options bonuses profit sharing
inferring causes for observed behavior
Causal attribution is the act of ______. inferring causes for observed behavior remembering recent information better than earlier information behaving in ways that make your expectations of yourself come true
- the stable of psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity
Choose the definition of the term that completes this sentence: Managers should understand ________ because they affect how people perceive and act within the organization. - the psychological discomfort a person experiences between his or her cognitive attitude and incompatible behavior - abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations - learned predispositions toward a given object - the stable of psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity
behavioral
Conrad and his wife, Olivia, are both managers at different companies. While Conrad prefers to allow his team to make decisions and come up with their own processes for completing tasks, Olivia prefers to tell her staff how to approach a project and who should be responsible for what. Each has a unique style, and both are effective. They both demonstrate the ______ leadership approach. behavioral servant task transactional
influence
Conscious efforts to affect and change behaviors in others are known as ______ tactics. power influence change behavioral
personal and psychological development
Contingency factors refer to the degree to which individuals want ___. task identity and significance motivation and job satisfaction personal and psychological development autonomy and trust
the halo effect
Darren is interviewing for a new administrative assistant. The three people he interviewed include an older woman, a man in a wheelchair, and a recent college graduate with beautiful blond hair. Darren knew just by looking at each candidate which one he would hire. His impression of each person was based on a single trait. This is known as _____. a self-fulfilling prophecy learned helplessness causal attribution the halo effect
base pay
Dax is an assembly line worker at an automotive plant. He is paid $14.50 per hour. This amount reflects the _______ of Dax's job. incentives base pay fringe benefits profits
punishment.
Deactivating drivers if they don't meet the minimum standards set by Uber is a form of extinction. negative reinforcement. positive reinforcement. positive punishment. punishment.
laid off
Don was temporarily dismissed from his company because sales are slow. When the situation improves at the company, he will likely be brought back as an employee. This is an example of being _____. demoted transferred laid off fired
behavioral-description
During a(n) ______ interview, the interviewer explores what the applicant has actually done in the past. arbitrage situational analysis orientation behavioral-description
Performance Test
During his interview at Rickson Electric, Hal was handed a malfunctioning switch, given a toolbox, and asked to fix the switch. What kind of employment test does this describe? Personality test Performance test Integrity test Physical ability test
unstructured
During the interview, hiring manager Susan asked job applicants whatever questions popped into her head, with no systematic scoring procedure for their answers. This is an example of a(n) ______ interview. unfacilitated unstructured facilitated structured
- use emotions and emotional knowledge to enhance thought - monitor your and others' feelings and to use this information to guide your thinking and actions - carry out accurate reasoning about emotions
Emotional intelligence reflects the ability to: (Choose every correct answer.) - use emotions and emotional knowledge to enhance thought - monitor your and others' feelings and to use this information to guide your thinking and actions - carry out accurate reasoning about emotions - believe that you can accomplish most things in your job successfully
Disparate Treatment
Employees from protected groups are intentionally treated differently. Adverse Impact Disparate Treatment
citizenship
Employees who frequently praise their co-workers, show up for work on time, offer helpful suggestions, and take good care of the company's equipment are demonstrating organizational ______. commitment citizenship engagement
negative stressor.
In the time under Kalanick's leadership, where he would create stress through "secrecy, animosity, and a lack of cooperation" among employees, Kalanick served as the neutral point. positive stressee. negative stressee. negative stressor. positive stressor.
Evaluation
In which step of the learning and development process does the employer analyze whether employees' gaps in knowledge have been successfully filled? Assessment Evaluation Objectives Implementation
Influencing others Working with diverse groups of people
In which ways do interpersonal skills help leaders in being effective? Influencing others Organizing and planning Working with diverse groups of people Identifying systemic problems
references
Individuals who are asked to provide assessments of former employees are known as _____. references head hunters applicants referees
task identity
Jakob thought he would enjoy his job as a web designer, but it turns out that he is responsible only for updating web pages and not for creating them, too. According to the jobs characteristics model, Jakob has low ______. skill variety task significance task identity autonomy
Empowering leadership
Jason is an effective leader because he has created a climate in which employees have a strong belief in their own ability to control their work. Which type of leadership would best describe Jason's style? Directive leadership Transactional leadership Empowering leadership Autocratic leadership
value
Jessica believes she should be concerned for the welfare of others. This belief is an example of a ______. parental mandate value cognitive dissonance genetic trait
behavioral; cognitive
Kalanick pitting his own teams within Uber against one another in order to achieve " . . . the fastest, cheapest, and most efficient way to get from point A to point B" demonstrate the ________ and ________ components of his attitude. affective; behavioral behavioral; affective behavioral; cognitive affective; cognitive cognitive; behavioral
personalized; socialized
Kalanick's way of leading was one that focused on doing whatever it took for his company to succeed, or ________ power, whereas Khosrowshahi's way of leading is focused on growing and inspiring employees, or ________ power. personalized; minimized socialized; personalized socialized; minimized personalized; socialized maximized; socialized
stereotype
Karen was surprised when her friend said that the man at the first table in the restaurant must be a great basketball player just because he was tall and African American. Karen's friend was making a: core self-evaluation. benchmark. stereotype. causal attribution.
stress
Kerri Ann feels very tense at work these days. Three people in her department quit, and it is up to her to complete her own work plus all of the work they would have done. She is anxious and often responds rudely when her manager speaks with her about a project. Kerri Ann is experiencing _____. groupthink fear stress the halo effect
performance
Kevin continuously helps his employees improve their work through the reviewing their performance and providing consequences. These are two steps of _____ management. cognitive performance resource absolute
consideration
Leader behavior that is focused primarily on group members' needs and desires and is directed at creating mutual respect or trust is referred to as ______ leader behavior. directive consideration initiating structure job centered
initiating-structure
Leaders who exhibit ______ leadership behavior focus on clarifying tasks and setting goals to maximize output and efficiency. initiating-structure value-based consideration relationship-oriented
Self-efficacy
Learned helplessness is associated with which facet of a core self-evaluation? Emotional stability Self-esteem Self-efficacy Locus of control
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Liam knew that everyone else thought he was lazy and incompetent, so rather than tell his work team about an idea, he just let them do all of the work. As a result, his coworkers continued to feel he was lazy and incompetent. What does Liam's behavior demonstrate? Stereotyping Self-fulfilling prophecy The halo effect Individual self-efficacy
job design
Liu wants to better understand how to motivate employees at her company. Because she knows there is no single leading theory accepted by everyone on what motivates people, she looks into the top four perspectives: content, process, reinforcement, and ______. status theory punishment hierarchy job design
commission
Louisa is a real estate salesperson. When she sells a house, she earns a sales ______ equal to 6 percent of the sales price of the house. profit sharing commission quota call
intrinsic
Margot is a third grade teacher who spends time each afternoon tutoring students who need a little extra guidance. Margot also volunteers to read to the residents at a nursing home. Margot seems to seek ________ rewards. affiliation valence intrinsic extrinsic
consultation
One influence tactic that Khosrowshai is able to rely on for getting buy-in from Uber employees is ________, which is centered around his effort to listen to and make changes based on employee feedback. consultation coalition tactics exchange ingratiation inspirational appeals
predicts
Organizational behavior is a field of study that explains and ______ behavior. punishes predicts rewards controls
incentives
Organizations use ______ such as commissions, profit-sharing, bonuses, and stock options to attract and retain top performers. base pay fringe benefits incentives givebacks
merit
Pay for performance, basing pay on one's results, is also known as ______ pay. bonus gainsharing profit merit
motivation life satisfaction commitment to the organization
People who feel greater job satisfaction are also likely to experience greater ______. (Choose every correct answer.) motivation perceived stress life satisfaction commitment to the organization
High job performance Higher rates of motivation
People with high rates of self-efficacy, including generalized self-efficacy, tend to have what characteristics? (Choose every correct answer.) High job performance Poor academic performance Higher rates of motivation High rates of burnout
objective
Performance appraisals that are based on facts and are often numerical are referred to as _______ appraisals. subjective objective
extrinsic
Raises and other monetary incentives are examples of ______ rewards. extrinsic internal nonmotivational intrinsic
sales commission
Sales representatives are paid a percentage of the earnings the company made from their sales in the form of a ______. sales commission stock option bonus benefit
incentives
Samantha is employed as a sales engineer in a large medical products firm. The _______ of her job include commission on the sales she generates, quarterly performance bonuses, and stock options. fringe benefits nonmonetary compensation incentives base pay
management
Scientific ______ is the process of reducing the number of tasks a worker performs. design management enrichment analysis
collective bargaining
The process of negotiation between labor unions and management to resolve disputes concerning benefits, compensation, working conditions, and job security is known as ______. equal pay laws a greenfield venture collective bargaining antidumping
collective bargaining
The process through which the union and management negotiate pay, benefits and other work terms is _____. union certification ratification picketing collective bargaining
motivation
The psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior are collectively called ______. organization motivation influence leadership
contingency
The situational approach to leadership is also known as the _____ approach. personal public contingency behavioral
personality
The stable behavioral and psychological characteristics responsible for a person's identity are known as _____. emotional intelligence personality control diversity
McClelland's acquired needs theory
The theory of motivation that asserts that achievement, affiliation, and power are the major motives determining people's behavior in the workplace is called ______. McClelland's acquired needs theory Vroom's expectancy theory Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory Alderfer's ERG theory
self-determination
The theory of motivation that asserts that people are driven to try to grow and attain fulfillment, with their behavior and well-being influenced by the three innate needs of competence, autonomy, and relatedness, is known as the ______ theory. acquired needs hierarchy of needs self-determination two-factor
compensation
The three elements of ________ , include wages and salaries, incentives, and benefits.
legitimate
The type of power that all managers have that results from their formal position within the organization is called ______ power. contingent coercive recency legitimate
modification
The use of reinforcement theory to change human behavior is called behavior ______. focus consequence challenge modification
emotional stability
They don't call Ed "Steady Eddy" for no reason. He is unfailingly calm, even under pressure or stress. It would appear that Ed has a high level of _______. agreeableness emotional stability introversion conscientiousness
informal
To be effective, a leader must understand the ________ aspects of the organization such as values, attitudes, and personalities. cognitive behavioral formal informal
measurable
To be successful, an incentive compensation plan must be ______. original percentage-based measurable complex
false
True or false: A person's emotional stability refers to how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded he or she is.
true
True or false: According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, joining a leadership development group is an example of the self-actualization need.
false
True or false: Arbitration is the process in which a neutral third party listens to both sides in a dispute, makes suggestions, and encourages them to agree on a solution.
true
True or false: Assuming they have choices, people will make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can get it.
false
True or false: Caasi easily influences her co-workers, but not usually for the best. She stirs up controversy and usually spins the conversation to make herself look better. Because Caasi thinks highly of herself and seeks personal power, she could be described as having psychopathy.
false
True or false: Claire's Catering is providing food for a major social event next Saturday. Because Claire's does not have enough employees to fully staff the event, the manager should implement talent management to recruit enough workers for the event.
relationship-oriented
Trisha works hard to maintain a friendly, supportive climate in her department. Her motto is "People first, production second." Trisha exhibits ______ leadership. transactional transformational relationship-oriented initiating-structure
true
True or false: Employees who speak up with practical ideas, share their love of their work with others, help out their coworkers, and take care of the company's building and equipment are exhibiting organizational citizenship behaviors.
false, there havent been tests
True or false: House's revised path-goal theory has been tested enough to verify its overall conclusions.
true
True or false: In sexual harassment, the harasser may be a(n) outsider, coworker, supervisor, or someone of the same sex.
false
True or false: In two-tier wage contracts, veteran employees are paid less or receive fewer benefits than new employees.
false
True or false: Job enlargement enables workers to focus on doing more of the same task to increase productivity.
false
True or false: Leadership is a narrow term that only refers to formal positions such as CEO and CFO.
true
True or false: Low self-efficacy is associated with learned helplessness, the debilitating lack of faith in one's ability to control one's environment.
false
True or false: Money is the best motivator.
true
True or false: Organizations are increasingly relying on artificial intelligence to help make hiring decisions.
true
True or false: Over 80% of workers feel their companies could do better to integrate and transition employees into new jobs by making them familiar with corporate policies, procedures, cultures, and politics by clarifying work-role expectations and responsibilities.
false
True or false: Research shows that compensation is the most motivating factor for workers.
true
True or false: Research shows that women and minorities hired on the basis of affirmative action often feel stigmatized as incompetent or unqualified.
true
True or false: Samantha, a CEO, was reviewing her firm's budget. She was surprised to see that about 30% of the compensation budget was allocated to fringe benefits. Brandon, the vice president of HR, was correct in explaining that this proportion is typical for private industry.
false
True or false: Socialized power occurs when power is directed at helping oneself as a way of achieving one's own selfish ends.
false
True or false: The Dunning-Kruger effect is a cognitive bias whereby people who are competent at something are unable to recognize their own competence. And not only do they fail to recognize their own competence, they're also likely to feel that they actually are incompetent.
true
True or false: The best leaders display both transactional and transformational leadership styles.
false
True or false: The primary purpose of relationship-oriented leadership behavior is to ensure that people, equipment, and other resources are used in an efficient way to accomplish the mission of a group or organization.
false
True or false: Undocumented immigrants make up about 20 percent of the U.S. workforce.
true
True or false: When asked how positive or negative they feel about their work, fewer than 20% of U.S. workers report being dissatisfied with their jobs.
true
True or false: YoLanda, an account manager, sets her own work schedule and decides which tasks are priorities that will help meet her goals. YoLanda's job has a high level of autonomy.
Transactional
Tyrone's management style could best be described as the "carrot or the stick" approach. If his subordinates perform to expectations, he will reward them; if their performance falls short of expectations, he will punish them. Which leadership style does this describe? Cognitive Transformational Charismatic Transactional
off-the-job learning and development
Uber drivers may purchase 7x7 Experience quality improvement classes. These are examples of incentives. compensation. off-the-job learning and development. on-the-job learning and development. benefits.
subjective
Uber drivers' performance is currently rated by riders in their vehicles. This means that the performance appraisal they receive is primarily subjective. unbiased. behaviorally anchored. objective. 360-degree feedback.
situational
Under Fiedler's model, the level of influence a leader has in his or her immediate work environment is called __________ control.
a self-serving bias.
Were Kalanick to only attribute Uber's successes to his haphazard, hot-headed ways of making brash and reckless decision-making, and not Uber's struggles, he would be falling victim to a self-fulfilling prophecy. a fundamental attribution bias. a recency effect. a Pygmalion effect. a self-serving bias.
Skill variety
What Tamika loves about her job is that every day brings new challenges, and she can use different talents and abilities to complete her job tasks. This is an example of which core job characteristic? Feedback Skill variety Task identity Task significance
High-performance work system (HPWS)
What approach to strategic HRM deploys bundles of internally consistent HR practices to improve employee ability, motivation, and opportunities across the entire organization? High-performance work system (HPWS) Talent management Human resources inventory Social capital
Challenging Achievable Specific
What are characteristics of motivating goals according to goal-setting theory? (Choose every correct answer.) Complex Challenging Achievable Specific
- It creates legal risk due to the perception of bias. - It results in reduced employee performance. - The system gets rid of talented as well as untalented people.
What are reasons that the forced ranking approach to performance appraisal is falling out of favor? (Select all that apply) - It creates legal risk due to the perception of bias. - It results in reduced employee performance. - It requires significantly more time and effort than other forms of performance appraisal. - The system gets rid of talented as well as untalented people.
Business skills Cognitive abilities Conceptual skills Interpersonal skills
What are some of the basic skills needed by leaders? Business skills Cognitive abilities Unpredictability Performance abilities Conceptual skills Interpersonal skills
It requires ethical leadership. It can improve results for both individuals and groups. It can be used to train employees at any level.
What are some of the implications of transformational leadership for managers? (Choose every correct answer.) It requires ethical leadership. It takes a shorter time to provide results. It can improve results for both individuals and groups. It can be used to train employees at any level.
Position power Leader-member relations Task structure
What are the dimensions of situational control identified by Fiedler's contingency leadership model? (Choose every correct answer.) Path-goal guidance Position power Leader-member relations Task structure Socialized behavior
Need for power Need for affiliation Need for achievement
What are the needs identified by McClelland as the basis for motivation? (Choose every correct answer.) Need for autonomy Need for power Need for affiliation Need for achievement
Performance to outcomes Effort to performance
What are the stages of Victor Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation? (Choose every correct answer.) Performance to outcomes Effort to performance Hygiene factors to motivating factors Equity to justice
Knowledge of actual results of the work Meaningfulness of work Responsibility for work outcomes
What are the three critical psychological states identified by the job characteristics model? (Choose every correct answer.) Knowledge of actual results of the work Low absenteeism and turnover Meaningfulness of work Responsibility for work outcomes
Unstructured Situational Behavioral-description
What are the three forms of interviews? Unstructured Situational Behavioral-description Conditioned response
- Internals and externals prefer different levels of structure and compliance. - Internals and externals respond to different types of rewards.
What are the two main ideas managers must remember from research on locus of control? (Choose every correct answer.) - Internals and externals cannot work in the same department. - Internals and externals respond to the same incentives. - Internals and externals prefer different levels of structure and compliance. - Internals and externals respond to different types of rewards.
Job enlargement Job enrichment
What are the two means by which jobs are fitted to people? (Choose every correct answer.) Job enlargement Job enrichment Job elimination Job equalization
Internal External referrals boomerangs
What are the types of Recruitment:
Counterproductive work behaviors Performance and productivity Turnover and absenteeism Organizational citizenship behavior
What are the types of employee behavior that managers can influence? (select all that apply) Counterproductive work behaviors Performance and productivity Self-esteem and locus of control Turnover and absenteeism Organizational citizenship behavior
Organizational justice
What area of equity theory is concerned with the extent to which people believe they are being treated fairly at work? Instrumentality Organizational justice Expectancy Hierarchy of needs
Shouting and insults Ignoring subordinates Public humiliation
What behaviors are considered to be abusive supervision? (Choose every correct answer.) Shouting and insults Punishment for poor job performance Ignoring subordinates Public humiliation
- A global mindset is an increasingly valued task-oriented trait. - Organizations may want to consider personality and trait assessments in their selection and evaluation processes. - The positive and "dark triad" traits suggest the qualities you should cultivate and avoid. - The implications of leadership traits cannot be ignored.
What conclusions can we draw from trait theory? - Traits are either positive or negative, and good leaders should only have positive traits. - A global mindset is an increasingly valued task-oriented trait. - Organizations may want to consider personality and trait assessments in their selection and evaluation processes. - Confidence in one's ability to influence others is seen as a major deficit in leaders. - The positive and "dark triad" traits suggest the qualities you should cultivate and avoid. - The implications of leadership traits cannot be ignored.
human capital
When an organization evaluates people based on the economic or productive potential of their knowledge, experience, and actions, the organization is viewing them as ______. a supply chain human capital stakeholders social capital
- The extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals
What is organizational commitment? - The extent to which people feel free to express their ideas and beliefs without fear of negative consequences - The extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals - The extent to which you feel positive or negative about various aspects of your work - The extent to which people feel secure and unworried and how likely they are to experience negative emotions under pressure
- It encourages managers to reward top performers and discipline poor performers.
What is the intended benefit of the forced ranking approach to performance appraisal? - It encourages managers to reward top performers and discipline poor performers. - It shields the company from legal action by subjecting all employees to the same treatment. - It highlights any biases or perceptual errors in the appraisal process. - It encourages employees to participate in the appraisal process and to think critically about their own performance.
retrieval from memory
What is the last step of the perceptual process? selective attention interpretation and evaluation storage in memory retrieval from memory
Personalized power
What is the term for power directed at helping yourself and furthering your own ends rather than those of others or the organization? Authority Personalized power Socialized power Influence
Self-serving bias
What is the term for taking more personal responsibility for success than for failure? Fundamental attribution bias Explicit bias Self-serving bias Implicit bias
Implicit bias
What is the term for the attitudes or beliefs that affect our understanding, actions, and decisions in an unconscious manner? Recency effect Stereotyping Implicit bias Halo effect
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
What legislation prohibits discrimination against the disabled and requires organizations to provide reasonable accommodation for an individual's disabilities? Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) Fair Employment Act Title VII of Civil Rights Act Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Onboarding
What process is designed to help new employees become familiar with their jobs and organizations? Learning and development (L&D) Performance management Recruitment Onboarding
The organization's vision and strategic plan
What should a human resources manager focus on when determining an organization's long-term staffing needs? Vacancies due to retirements Keeping minority hiring at current levels Maintaining current salary levels The organization's vision and strategic plan
- Train supervisors in Title VII requirements. - Establish and distribute a sexual harassment policy. - Establish a formal complaint procedure.
What strategies are recommended for managers to use to prevent or address sexual harassment in the workplace? (Choose every correct answer.) - Train supervisors in Title VII requirements. - Establish and distribute a sexual harassment policy. - Establish a formal complaint procedure. - Encourage employees to post complaints on the company intranet.
- Ask each applicant the same questions and compare responses to standardized answers.
What strategy do employers use to eliminate the risk of bias in job interviews? - Conduct a random drawing to select which candidate receives a job offer. - Ask each applicant the same questions and compare responses to standardized answers. - Have multiple job candidates interview in the same room at the same time. - Write a description of the personal attributes that the candidate must have and ignore those who do not fit the profile.
Unretirement
What term describes retired workers' choice to return to the workforce? Continuous improvement Unretirement Retraining Employee engagement
Herzberg's two-factor theory McClelland's acquired needs theory Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
What theories of motivation would be characterized as content perspectives? Herzberg's two-factor theory Vroom's expectancy theory McClelland's acquired needs theory Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory
Expectancy
What theory asserts that motivation is essentially a decision about how much effort to exert to get what you want in a particular situation? Expectancy Justice Behavioral Goal-setting
Profit sharing
What type of incentive compensation plan involves the distribution of a portion of the company's profits to employees? Piece rate Profit sharing Commission Pay for knowledge
Transformational
What type of leader excites passion, inspiring and empowering people to look beyond their own self-interest? Servant Transactional Transformational Situational
Relationship-oriented
What type of leadership is primarily concerned with leaders' interactions with their subordinates and is aimed at enhancing the creation of a positive, nurturing work environment? Transactional Relationship-oriented Job-centered Task-oriented
Ethical
What type of leadership represents normatively appropriate behavior that focuses on being a moral role model? Empowering Consideration Ethical Transactional
Interactional Procedural Distributive
What types of justice are the components of organizational justice? (Choose every correct answer.) Interactional Procedural Relational Distributive
selection
When Joe screens job applicants to ensure that he hires the most qualified candidate, he is performing the human resource function known as the ______ process. selection performance management orientation recruitment
Background information
When Marissa applied for a position at Blake Products, she was asked to provide the names and telephone numbers of three people who would be able to speak about her work performance at her last job. Which of the following selection tools does this BEST describe? Background information Interviewing Employment tests Performance appraisal
achieve the firm's strategic objectives
When a firm's approach to human resources is designed to drive the company's overall performance, employees are being used to ______. adopt a hybrid model of resource management achieve the firm's strategic objectives streamline the onboarding process create an innovative marketing plan
Outputs
When analyzing the pay scale of her staff, Nanci saw that several equivalent positions in the department were paid at various rates. She felt that they needed to be balanced. Which aspect of equity theory is Nanci taking into consideration? Timelines Outputs Inputs Goals
Ability test
When he applied for a clerical position at Halewood Manufacturing, Tyrone was asked to complete an employment test that assessed his keyboarding skills as well as his mathematical skills. What type of employment test did Tyrone complete? Ability test Reliability test Integrity test Personality test
enrichment
When one department store authorized thousands of its sales clerks to handle functions normally reserved for store managers, such as handling merchandise-return problems and approving customers' checks, the store implemented a job ________ technique. rotation enlargement enrichment simplification
give rewards as soon as possible
When rewarding an employee for a behavior, you should ______. give rewards as soon as possible reward employees based on personality, not behavior. reward all employees the same avoid telling employees how to earn rewards
work
When the demands or pressures from work and family domains are mutually incompatible, a person is experiencing ______-family conflict. role job work
30
When workers attempt to organize, they first must get other workers in their organization to sign authorization cards which designate a specific union as the workers' bargaining agent. However, the union cannot ask the employer for official recognition until at least _____% of workers have signed authorization cards. 30 45 50 75
Behavioral
Which approach to leadership attempts to determine the actions and behaviors that effective leaders engage in when interacting with others? Contingency Full-range Behavioral Trait-centered
- Women generally use a more participative style than men. - Women are more likely to use transformational leadership behaviors.
Which are accurate statements concerning women and leadership? - Women are motivated more by self-interest than what they can do for the company. - Women generally use a more participative style than men. - Women are more likely to use transformational leadership behaviors. - Women display more task leadership than men.
Process Reinforcement Content Job design
Which are principal perspectives on motivation? (Choose every correct answer.) Competition Process Reinforcement Content Job design
Millennials earn less today than 25-34-year-olds did in 1989.
Which assumption about the U.S. workforce is true? The wage gap between men and women is increasing. People in the United States are no longer able to perform manual labor. Millennials earn less today than 25-34-year-olds did in 1989. More people participate in organized religion.
Inspiring others Being a visionary Being charismatic
Which characteristics are associated with leaders rather than with managers? Inspiring others Putting customers first Being conscientious Being a visionary Managing resources Being charismatic
consultation
Which core influence tactic tends to work better than a legitimating tactic? Consultation Ingratiation Foundation Maturation
Task identity
Which core job characteristic describes the extent to which a job requires the worker to perform all of the tasks needed to complete the job from beginning to end? Autonomy Skill variety Task significance Task identity
Machiavellianism
Which interpersonal trait is most exemplified by Kalanick's willingness to push managers to operate illegally as long as laws in a particular city weren't actually being enforced and allowance of bad employee behavior as long as it was cancelled out by good performance? emotional intelligence psychopathy extraversion narcissism Machiavellianism
Fair Labor Standards Act
Which law established a minimum wage for workers, set limits for child labor, and established overtime pay? Civil Rights Act of 1964 Fair Labor Standards Act Equal Employment Opportunity Act National Labor Relations Act
Full-range
Which leadership approach asserts that leadership behavior varies across a wide number of leadership styles, ranging from take-no-responsibility leadership to transformational leadership? Top-down Short-range Full-range Overarching
Servant
Which leadership approach focuses on providing increased service to others rather than to the leader? Leader-member exchange Servant Transactional Charismatic
Leader-member exchange model
Which leadership model examines the quality of relationships between managers and subordinates and suggests that leaders have different relationships with different subordinates? Contingency model House's path-goal model Transformational leadership Leader-member exchange model
Path-goal leadership
Which leadership model holds that an effective leader makes desirable rewards available to workers and increases workers' motivation by clearly outlining the behavior that will help them achieve those goals and rewards? Transformational leadership Leader-member exchange (LMX) Path-goal leadership Contingency leadership
Fiedler's contingency model House's path-goal model
Which leadership models are situational approaches? (Choose every correct answer.) Transformational leadership model Fiedler's contingency model House's path-goal model Charismatic leadership model
Consultation Inspirational appeals Rational persuasion
Which of the following are among the nine most common influence tactics? Consultation Nagging Inspirational appeals Premack's principle Rational persuasion
Promotes social interactions Creates mutual respect Encourages identification with the team
Which of the following are aspects of considerate leader behavior? (Choose every correct answer.) Positions the leader as the most important Promotes social interactions Creates mutual respect Emphasizes tasks over people Encourages identification with the team
Emotional stability Conscientiousness Intelligence
Which of the following are common task-oriented traits of leaders? (Choose every correct answer.) Emotional stability Conscientiousness Negative affect Intelligence
Having accidents Displaying poor performance Calling in sick
Which of the following are common ways that employees express burnout? (Choose every correct answer.) Increased productivity Having accidents Displaying poor performance Calling in sick
Autonomy Skill variety Feedback Task significance
Which of the following are core job characteristics in the Hackman and Oldham job characteristics model? (Choose every correct answer.) Autonomy Skill variety Feedback Task structure Task significance
Initiating-structure leadership Production-centered leadership
Which of the following are forms of task-oriented leadership behaviors? (Choose every correct answer.) Charismatic leadership Initiating-structure leadership Transformational leadership Production-centered leadership
Physiological Esteem Love Safety
Which of the following are levels of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? (Choose every correct answer.) Physiological Esteem Autonomy Love Safety
Skin color Religion Gender
Which of the following are not legal as the basis for hiring and promotion decisions? (Choose every correct answer.) Skin color Education Religion Job-related experience Gender
Empowering employees to make decisions Providing career advice Acting as a mentor
Which of the following are relationship-oriented leadership behaviors? (Choose every correct answer.) Empowering employees to make decisions Providing career advice Urging employees to produce as much as possible Acting as a mentor
- To retain their interest and motivation by being presented with a new challenge - To broaden their experience in being assigned to a different position - To solve organizational problems by using their skills at another location - To solve employee problems, such as personal differences with a boss
Which of the following are typical reasons for which employees might be transferred? (Select all that apply) - To retain their interest and motivation by being presented with a new challenge - To allow them to work with friends in another department - To broaden their experience in being assigned to a different position - To solve organizational problems by using their skills at another location - To solve employee problems, such as personal differences with a boss
Shop Steward
Which of the following initially handles a grievance filed by an employee? Union boss Mediator Arbitrator Shop steward
the work itself
Which of the following is a motivating factor according to Herzberg's two-factor theory? company policies the work itself pay and security working conditions
Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Commission
Which of the following is responsible for the enforcement of antidiscrimination and other employment-related laws? Federal Protective Service National Labor Relations Board Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Commission Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSH Act
Which of these requires organizations to provide employees with nonhazardous working conditions? EEO ERISA NLRB OSH Act
Process perspectives
Which perspectives on motivation are concerned with the thought progression that leads to people deciding how to act? Hierarchy perspectives Bias perspectives Need perspectives Process perspectives
Which social network is most commonly used for external recruiting? Twitter LinkedIn Instagram Facebook
No one plan will boost the performance of all employees.
Which statement about incentive compensation plans is true? They are easier to administer than monthly salaries. No one plan will boost the performance of all employees. They ultimately give employees little motivation to work hard. A commission-based plan is most effective in almost all cases.
More women will continue to be hired for top leadership jobs.
Which statement is accurate regarding predicted trends in the United States during the next few decades? The number of middle-class households will increase. The number of two-parent households will increase. More women will continue to be hired for top leadership jobs. There will be less immigration from Asia.
Goal-setting theory Expectancy theory Equity theory
Which theories of motivation are characterized as process perspectives? (Choose every correct answer.) Goal-setting theory Expectancy theory Equity theory Hierarchy of needs theory
Herzberg's two-factor theory
Which theory proposes that work satisfaction originates from motivating factors, and dissatisfaction originates from hygiene factors? Malsow's hierarchy of needs Alderfer's ERG theory Herzberg's two-factor theory House's path-goal model
Goal-setting theory
Which theory suggests that employees can be motivated by objectives that are specific and challenging but achievable and that have rewards tailored to individual needs? Alderfer's ERG theory Expectancy theory Goal-setting theory Equity theory
Self-efficacy Locus of control Emotional stability Self-esteem
Which traits are elements of an individual's core self-evaluation? (Choose every correct answer.) Self-efficacy Locus of control Openness to experience Emotional stability Self-esteem
Punishment Extinction
Which types of reinforcement are intended to weaken a behavior? Punishment Negative reinforcement Extinction Positive reinforcement
To influence the way employees behave
Why is it important to manage employees as individuals who have different personalities and circumstances? To influence the way employees behave To elicit respect from employees To appear intimidating to employees To increase employees' emotional intelligence
Open Shop
Workers may choose to join or not join a union. Closed Shop Union Shop Agency Shop Open Shop
Union Shop
Workers must join the union within a specific time after being hired. Closed Shop Union Shop Agency Shop Open Shop
Agency Shop
Workers must pay equivalent of union dues, but are not required to join the union. Closed Shop Union Shop Agency Shop Open Shop
Organization citizenship
______ is characterized by value-adding behaviors such as making constructive statements about the department, taking a personal interest in the work of others, making suggestions for improvements, and mentoring new employees. Self-awareness Self-management effort Self-efficacy Organization citizenship
social capital
_______ is the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships. It stems from the reciprocity, knowledge, and capabilities that are embedded in both informal connections and close personal relationships. human capital social capital
servant
________ leaders focus on providing increased service to others—meeting the goals of both followers and the organization—rather than to themselves. Servant Transactional Laissez-faire Supportive
human capital
__________ is the economic or productive potential of employee knowledge, experience, and actions. It stems from all of the employee competencies that are or could be valuable to the organization. human capital social capital
narcisism machiavellianism psychopathy
what are negative interpersonal attributes? narcisism extraversion machiavellianism emotional stability psychopathy
