Mgmt 371 Test 2

Haley, an HR manager for Accurate Tool and Die, had a meeting with the Vice President of Safety to determine if the new safety training program appears to be effective in preventing and reducing the number of accidents on the shop floor. In which step of the training process is Haley engaged? A. evaluation B. objectives C. selection D. implementation E. assessment

A. evaluation

A person's overall satisfaction with work depends on how he or she feels about several components. Which of the following is not one of these components? A. life outside of work B. pay C. promotions D. coworkers E. supervision

A. life outside of work

Paolo is always coming up with new ideas and seeking funding to explore them. He sees opportunities in the marketplace and wants to be the first person to come up with new products and services that customers want. Paolo, a person who is apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment, has a(n) ______ personality. A. proactive B. emotionally stable C. extroverted D. emotionally intelligent E. self-efficacious

A. proactive

The management department at a local university began posting all assignments and other class materials to a course management website instead of creating a packet or printed materials for students to purchase each term. The management department is implementing a ______ innovation. A. process B. product C. policy D. breakthrough E. reactive

A. process

Those high in this emotional intelligence trait tend to be empathetic. A. social awareness B. self-awareness C. self-efficacy D. self-management E. relationship management

A. social awareness

Lewin's change model consists of A. three stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing. B. three forces: employee characteristics, change agent characteristics, and change agent-employee relationships. C. four steps: recognize problems, gain allies, overcome resistance, and execute. D. three types: adaptive, innovative, and radically innovative. E. three steps: diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation.

A. three stages: unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.

The type of performance appraisal that judges specific, observable aspects of performance like being on time for work is a(n) ______ appraisal. A. MBO B. behavioral C. self- D. objective E. results

B. behavioral

Which of the following is not one of the primary uses of OD? A. adapting to a merger B. improving recruitment C. managing conflict D. revitalizing an organization E. adapting to an acquisition

B. improving recruitment

A managerial innovation that improves the efficiency of a company's cross-functional teams would be considered a ______ innovation. A. product B. process C. core D. transformational E. practical

B. process

______ represent(s) all the ways people are unlike and alike. A. Lifestyle B. Dimensions C. Diversity D. Conditions E. Background

C. Diversity

Suppose a soft-drink company, Loco Cola, is conducting a force-field analysis to determine which forces could facilitate a proposed change (the introduction of a new lemon-lime soda) and which forces could act against it. Which of the following would Loco Cola consider a counterthruster?A. Market research indicates that noncaffeinated, clear (lemon-lime) sodas are increasing in popularity. B. Loco Cola's Facebook pages has more than 3.5 million likes. C. Loco Cola has never been able to gain any significant market share outside of the Midwest. D. In unbiased surveys, college students often say that Loco Cola manufactures their favorite soft drinks. E. Loco Cola is a favorite among the Millennial generation.

C. Loco Cola has never been able to gain any significant market share outside of the Midwest.

Which of the following helps guarantee nonhazardous working conditions for employees? A. Civil Rights Act B. Fair Labor Standards Act C. Occupational Safety and Health Act D. National Labor Relations Board E. Sarbanes-Oxley Act

C. Occupational Safety and Health Act

________ behaviors are employee behaviors that exceed the work-role requirements for the job. A. Counterproductive work B. Halo effect C. Organizational citizenship D. Self-efficacy E. Proactive

C. Organizational citizenship

When it comes to learning from failure in the innovation process, former Procter & Gamble CEO A. G. Lafley suggests that the key is to A. work within a competent team so that blame is spread around among strong players. B. look for innovation in small increments, so that failure risks are small. C. fail early, fail cheaply, and don't make the same mistake twice. D. develop a tolerance for ambiguity so that failure does not personally upset you. E. avoid it by almost any means necessary because it will irreparably harm your reputation.

C. fail early, fail cheaply, and don't make the same mistake twice.

Which of the following is not an inside force that indicates organizational change might be needed?A. high turnover B. excessive conflict between managers and employees C. increased competition D. high levels of stress among employees E.job dissatisfaction

C. increased competition

______ is at the center of the diversity wheel. A. Philosophy B. Philanthropy C. Perception D. Personality E. Psychology

D. Personality

_____ are subject to validity problems due to evaluator bias. A. Behavioral appraisals B. 360-degree feedback forms C. Objective appraisals D. Trait appraisals E. Personality appraisals

D. Trait appraisals

During Lewin's refreezing stage, managers should A. make employees dissatisfied with the present way of doing things. B. give employees the tools for change. C. provide benchmarking results. D. encourage and reinforce the desired change in the employees. E. reduce the barriers to change.

D. encourage and reinforce the desired change in the employees.

The interdisciplinary field of organizational ______ tries to explain and predict workplace behavior to help managers better lead and motivate others. A. awareness B. development C. culture D. strategy E. behavior

E. behavior

Which of the following is one of Scott Berkun's seeds of innovation for organizations? A. hard work in a specific direction B. curiosity C. necessity D. wealth and money E. philanthropy

E. philanthropy

Walmart's implementation of RFID, a type of technology that allows it to improve inventory tracking, is an example of a(n) ______ change because Walmart already had a very effective technology tracking system in place before it implemented RFID. A. reactive B. incremental C. cultural D. responsive E. proactive

E. proactive

Boring, tedious jobs generally reduce people's perceptions of their A. self-esteem. B. anxiety. C. tolerance for pain. D. level of extroversion. E. self-efficacy.

E. self-efficacy.

Which of the following statements about background information is FALSE? A. The most prevalent distortion in a résumé is lying about skill sets. B. Applicants with weak credit scores are more likely to be unqualified and dishonest employees. C. Few employers look at the large e-portfolios created by job seekers in an attempt to impress recruiters. D. People sometimes attempt to cover gaps in employment history. E. Many résumés contain factual errors or falsehoods.

B. Applicants with weak credit scores are more likely to be unqualified and dishonest employees.

_______ is the process by which a company compares its performance with that of high-performing organizations. A. Reference innovation B. Benchmarking C. Competitive change D. Continuous improvement E. Radical innovation

B. Benchmarking

Which of the following is not one of the main ways to reduce cognitive dissonance? A. Change your attitude. B. Complete an emotional intelligence assessment. C. Change your behavior. D. Find consonant elements that outweigh the dissonant ones. E. Belittle the importance of the inconsistent behavior.

B. Complete an emotional intelligence assessment.

__________ is a performance review system in which all employees within a business unit are ranked against one another. A. Standard curve B. Forced ranking C. Unit grading D. Normal distribution E. 360-degree assessment

B. Forced ranking

____ is the tendency to attribute another person's behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to the situation the person is in. A. The halo effect B. Fundamental attribution bias C. Self-serving bias D. Selective perception E. Stereotyping

B. Fundamental attribution bias

_______________ is the extent to which employees have positive or negative feelings about various aspects of their work. A. Job involvement B. Job satisfaction C. Organizational commitment D. Job performance E. Job enrichment

B. Job satisfaction

_______ are organizations of employees formed to protect and advance their members' interests by bargaining with management over job-related issues. A. Arbitration boards B. Labor unions C. Safety boards D. Mediation firms E. Right-to-work groups

B. Labor unions

The ______________ enforce(s) procedures whereby employees may vote to have an union and for collective bargaining. A. Fair Labor Standards Act B. National Labor Relations Board C. Civil Rights Acts D. Occupational Safety and Health Department E. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

B. National Labor Relations Board

______ is the personality dimension that describes how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded a person is. A. Inquisitiveness B. Openness to experience C. Emotional stability D. Extroversion E. Inventiveness

B. Openness to experience

_____________ is the set of techniques used for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective. A. Corporate transformation B. Organizational development C. Revitalization D. Continuous improvement E. Incremental innovation

B. Organizational development

______ consists of stable psychological traits and behavioral attributes that give a person his or her identity. A. Character B. Personality C. Attitudes D. Attributions E. Values

B. Personality

_______ capital is the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships. This type of capital can help you land a job; a national survey of recruiters revealed that 74% had found the highest-quality applicants through employee referrals. A. Relational B. Social C. Personal D. Productivity E. Human

B. Social

Which of the following is NOT a principal reason for transferring an employee? A. The employee's skills are needed in another part of the organization. B. The employee is suspected of illegal behavior. C. Giving employees a new challenge can help to maintain their interest and motivation. D. The employee has personal differences with his or her present boss. E. The transfer offers an opportunity to broaden employee experience.

B. The employee is suspected of illegal behavior.

Compared to internal recruiting, which of the following is true of external recruiting? A. It encourages greater employee loyalty. B. The process is more expensive and takes longer. C. It creates the need for multiple recruitments. D. The pool of talent is more limited. E. The process is cheaper.

B. The process is more expensive and takes longer.

At Toys 4 Tiny Tots, employees know that during the December shopping season they are often required to work different schedules, weekends, and overtime. The December work schedules at Toys 4 Tiny Tots is an example of a(n) ______ change because workers have experienced it in the past. (They experience it every December.) A. reactive B. adaptive C. innovative D. incremental E. radically innovative

B. adaptive

For years, a mathematics professor experienced abusive behavior at a community college where he taught. It began with a group of managers spreading rumors and false accusations that threatened his job. The abuse was emotionally draining and took time and focus away from his job. The professor was the victim of A. reverse discrimination. B. bullying. C. disparate treatment. D. quid pro quo. E. adverse impact.

B. bullying.

The increasing diversity of the American workforce, and the fact that people aged 18-34 are more likely to be living with their parents than with a spouse or partner, are both examples of a(n) ______ force for change. A. market B. demographic C. social and political D. political E. economic

B. demographic

After being referred by a friend, Hasina attended a job interview. She didn't feel it went well, but she was surprised when her friend told her the boss didn't like that Hasina had worn her hijab, a traditional headscarf worn by Muslim women. The boss told a coworker after the interview, "Our customers prefer working with Christians." Hasina is a victim of A. affirmative action. B. discrimination. C. quid pro quo. D. favoritism. E. a hostile work environment.

B. discrimination.

Employees at KarKare, Inc., believe that the company is fair to all employees, regardless of their age, gender, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or disability. It is accurate to say that KarKare has a positive A. ethnocentric culture. B. diversity climate. C. role conflict. D. employee assistance program. E. transgender population.

B. diversity climate.

A(n) ______ program includes plans to help employees cope with stress, burnout, substance abuse, health problems, and family issues that influence job performance. A. holistic wellness B. employee assistance C. counterproductive behavior D. employee engagement E. career counseling

B. employee assistance

Which of the following factors most reduces an organization's ability to learn from failure? A. employees who like to experiment with multiple solutions B. employees who blame others for failure C. employees with a strong desire to acquire personal wealth D. employees who embrace a learning culture E.employees with a high tolerance for ambiguity

B. employees who blame others for failure

A California software firm, MacroSoft, was growing rapidly and hiring frequently, but it primarily focused on campus recruiting at two California universities, UC Berkeley and Stanford. When one 45-year-old candidate did not get an interview after a phone screening, he went to the company's website and noted all of the young people in charge. Which law allows him to file a discrimination lawsuit against MacroSoft? A. Age Discrimination in Employment B. Civil Rights Act C. Sarbanes-Oxley Act D. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA) E. Americans with Disabilities Act

A. Age Discrimination in Employment

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding performance appraisals and feedback?A. Almost all workers believe that performance appraisals are objective and fair. B. Numerical ratings, rankings, and formal evaluations without positive feedback may produce the opposite of their intended effect—specifically, reduced performance. C. Forced ranking systems can be particularly damaging at talent-intensive companies. D. The best form of performance appraisal and feedback may entail continuous and ongoing coaching and feedback, rather than an annual review. E. A performance appraisal should be a two-way street: The manager should solicit the employee's input, especially with regard to perceived performance problems.

A. Almost all workers believe that performance appraisals are objective and fair.

________ is the tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs. A. Stereotyping B. Selective perception C. Self-serving bias D. Attribution E. The halo effect

A. Stereotyping

Which of the following is NOT one of the soft skills employers often find lacking in many Millennial applicants? A. professional appearance B. familiarity with social media C. manners D. punctuality E. ability to communicate

B. familiarity with social media

Cody was surprised to learn that not everyone would receive a bonus this year. Instead, management planned to rank all of the employees in Cody's division and award bonuses only to the top 20% in terms of sales. Cody's company is using a(n) ______ performance review system. A. unit grading B. forced ranking C. functional positioning D. normal distribution E. standard curve

B. forced ranking

Which of the following is not a supertrend shaping the future of business? A. more niche products B. information becoming a competitive advantage C. traditional companies struggling with radically innovative change D. offshore suppliers affecting U.S. business E. faster speed-to-market

B. information becoming a competitive advantage

Sparkling Clean, Inc. is considering implementing a system that will pay its cleaning workers based on the number of completed residential jobs, coupled with satisfactory ratings on random inspections to ensure quality. This system is new to the organization, and it is an example of __________ change. A. adaptive B. innovative C. familiar D. radically innovative E. highly complex

B. innovative

Which of the following is not a leading reason that employees resist change?A. individual predisposition toward change B. lack of personal ethics C. fear of failure D. climate of mistrust E. nonreinforcing reward systems

B. lack of personal ethics

Carol really doesn't like her new boss and is not happy with the new tasks she's been assigned and the long hours she's been working. Still, she truly believes in what the company is trying to accomplish. Carol has A. poor job performance. B. low job satisfaction. C. low organizational commitment. D. poor job enrichment. E. low job involvement.

B. low job satisfaction.

Which of the following statements is not true of Millennial employees? A. They want acclaim and think everyone should get a trophy. B. They are racially and ethnically diverse. C. Many are burdened by financial hardships. D. Many live with their parents.

A. They want acclaim and think everyone should get a trophy.

___________ refers to educating technical and operational employees in how to better do their current job. A. Training B. Assessment C. Development D. Orientation E. Evaluation

A. Training

Job satisfaction results in stronger ______ and lower levels of ______. A. job involvement; work-life balance B. organizational commitment; perceived stress C. motivation; life satisfaction D. perceived stress; life satisfaction E. perceived stress; absenteeism

B. organizational commitment; perceived stress

A(n) ______ innovation is a change in the way a product or service is conceived, manufactured, or disseminated. A. procedural B. process C. product D. transformational E. adaptive

B. process

Which of the following is not a trait of emotional intelligence? A. self-awareness B. self-sufficiency C. relationship management D. social awareness E. self-management

B. self-sufficiency

Which of the following circumstances is unlikely to increase the success of OD? A. consideration of cross-cultural differences B. single intervention C. top management support D. goals geared to short-term results E. goals geared to long-term results

B. single intervention

Which of the following is not a symptom of negative stress? A. insomnia B. slurred speech C. hostility D. alcohol abuse E. heart attack

B. slurred speech

The human resource manager at Helping Hands Inc. has just calculated that the employee absenteeism rate for 2016 is 15 percent higher than it was in 2015, and the turnover rate increased 18 percent over the same time period. Which of the following is NOT an option she should consider for improving the situation? A. Wait until 2017 and see what the turnover rate is at the end of that year. B. Deal with employees' possible work overloads. C. Identify causes of job dissatisfaction. D. Address and adjust job design. E. Identify possible employee role conflicts.

A. Wait until 2017 and see what the turnover rate is at the end of that year.

An example of _______ would be when a manager expects employees to perform badly, they probably will, and when the manger expects them to perform well, they probably will. A. a self-fulfilling prophecy, or the Pygmalion effect, B. the recency effect C. self-serving bias D. stereotyping E. employee engagement

A. a self-fulfilling prophecy, or the Pygmalion effect,

A specialist at UPS who rides with couriers to learn about delivery time measurements and potential service problems is conducting a job A. analysis. B. specification. C. posting. D. description. E. rotation.

A. analysis.

People with low self-esteem ______ than those with higher self-esteem. A. are more dependent on others B. choose more unconventional jobs C. focus more on their strengths D. handle failure better E. exhibit more aggressive behavior

A. are more dependent on others

Which of the following is NOT one of the five steps in the training process? A. attendance B. assessment C. objectives D. selection E. implementation

A. attendance

Dora is conducting a performance appraisal for Sue, one of her employees. The company's performance appraisal form asks her to rate Sue's performance on various items like "Submits reports on time with minimal errors" on a scale from 1 to 5. Dora's is using a ______ appraisal system. A. behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS) B. 360-degree C. MBO D. results E. trait

A. behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS)

Which of the following is not a step in the perceptual process? A. causal attribution B. retrieving from memory to make judgments and decisions C. selective attention D. interpretation and evaluation E. storing in memory

A. causal attribution

Maria works in a manufacturing facility, Zap Auto Parts. Throughout the building there were posters and calendars of a sexually explicit nature, making Maria very uncomfortable. Zap Auto Parts A. has a hostile work environment. B. has no legal worries because none of the offensive materials are directed at Maria. C. practices sexual discrimination. D. has no legal worries because Maria is not suffering any economic injury. E. is engaging in quid pro quo harassment.

A. has a hostile work environment.

According to Festinger, how people deal with cognitive dissonance depends on three factors. Which are the correct three factors? A. importance, control, and rewards B. control, bias, and personality C. personality, decision making, and judgment D. decision making, situation, and bias E. situation, self-awareness, and control

A. importance, control, and rewards

Which of the following jobs are least likely to be taken over by automation? A. knowledge-work jobs that require creativity and problem solving B. bookkeeping jobs C. clerical jobs D. assembly-line jobs E. jobs that require unskilled labor

A. knowledge-work jobs that require creativity and problem solving

In 2011, when automakers began to create new jobs, new union hires were offered about half the pay ($14 an hour) that autoworkers were getting before ($28). This is an example of A. union security clauses. B. two-tier wage contracts. C. cost-of-living adjustments. D. incentives. E. givebacks.

B. two-tier wage contracts.

Using 360-degree feedback appraisals makes it more difficult for managers to A. collect performance information form multiple sources. B. unfairly favor or punish particular employees. C. understand how an employee interacts with clients or customers. D. collect anonymous feedback about an employee. E. use a forced-ranking system.

B. unfairly favor or punish particular employees.

Appliance America's customer complaints have increased because its drivers often get lost when attempting deliveries, which means that the deliveries arrived late. The drivers have resisted using GPS systems, claiming they know their territories. But managers are now encouraging them to look for the best solution to the increased level of customer complaints. Appliance America is in the ________ stage of Lewin's change model. A. changing B. unfreezing C. evaluation D. learning E. refreezing

B. unfreezing

Under which of the following circumstances would the desire to reduce cognitive dissonance be greatest? A. when the individual has little control B. when large amounts of money are on the line C. when the elements seem like an inconsequential ambiguity D. when there is little emotional investment in the situation E. when the components of attitude have no inconsistency

B. when large amounts of money are on the line

Firms such as General Motors and McDonald's actively collect information about customer preferences and try to address them in their new products. General Motors and McDonald's are actively trying to adapt to A. shareholder, customer, and market changes. B. social and political pressures. C. human resource concerns. D. managers' behavior. E. technological advancements.

A. shareholder, customer, and market changes.

Which of the following is not one of the Big Five personality dimensions? A. tolerance for ambiguity B. extroversion C. agreeableness D. conscientiousness E. emotional stability

A. tolerance for ambiguity

Studies exploring nurses' perceptions about using PDAs in their daily patient practice found initial resistance, with some nurses concerned about the cost and short technological life cycle of these devices. As part of the __________ stage of change, the nurses' managers try to instill in them the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of attitudes and behaviors that are resistant to innovation. A. unfreezing B. freezing C. change D. refreezing E. thawing

A. unfreezing

Which of the following is the best statement of performance feedback? A. "You're always doing personal stuff at work." B. "That's the wrong way to sort those packages." C. "Your last report contained seven errors which I think you could improve." D. "You are really unmotivated at work lately." E. "You've got to figure out how to improve your relationship with Susie."

C. "Your last report contained seven errors which I think you could improve."

______ is a state of emotional, mental, and even physical exhaustion, expressed as listlessness, indifference, or frustration. A. Eustress B. Distress C. Burnout D. Role overload E. Role ambiguity

C. Burnout

___________ change introduces a new practice to an organization but one that is not new to the industry. A. Proactive B. Adaptive C. Innovative D. Reactive E. Radically innovative

C. Innovative

_____________ is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment. A. Self-awareness B. Self-management C. Perception D. Self-monitoring E. Openness to experience

C. Perception

______ is the tension people feel when they are facing or enduring extraordinary demands, constraints, or opportunities and are uncertain about their ability to handle them effectively. A. Apprehension B. Role conflict C. Stress D. Role overload E. Anxiety

C. Stress

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was established by the _________________ Act. A. Equal Pay B. Wagner C. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act D. Occupational Safety and Health E. Social Security

C. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act

A binding decision may be sought from ________ if a grievance procedure is not sufficient to solve a labor-management dispute. A. a shop steward B. the AFL-CIO C. an arbitrator D. the EEOC E. a mediator

C. an arbitrator

Brad supervises several employees who seem to have low self-efficacy. To improve this situation, he should do all the following except A. serve as a role model and mentor to them. B. provide guided experiences. C. avoid rewarding small successes. D. nurture their self-efficacy. E. give positive feedback and constructive pointers.

C. avoid rewarding small successes.

Because people are uncomfortable with inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors, they will seek to reduce A. group behavior. B. fundamental attribution. C. cognitive dissonance. D. causal attribution. E. a self-serving bias.

C. cognitive dissonance.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a successful incentive pay plan? A. clear and realistic goals B. regular communication with employees about the incentive plan C. complex and comprehensive rules D. simplicity E. consistency with the organization's existing goals

C. complex and comprehensive rules

In which one of the following situations would OD techniques be the most helpful? A. increasing efficiency among employees in a firm B. helping employees from two similar organizations work better together in a strategic alliance C. dealing with employee stress that comes from revitalizing an organization or adapting to a merger D. facilitating discussion of ethical issues in preparing a company's code of ethics E. working with the CEO to determine how to increase profitability

C. dealing with employee stress that comes from revitalizing an organization or adapting to a merger

Which of the following is a typical off-the-job training method?A. coaching B. job rotation C. e-learning D. role-playing E. planned work activities

C. e-learning

People high in ______ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues. A. self-esteem B. external locus of control C. emotional intelligence D. self-efficacy E. agreeableness

C. emotional intelligence

Which of the following is the most effective source of new employees? A. private employment agencies B. newspaper and LinkedIn ads C. employee referrals D. college recruiters E. unions

C. employee referrals

The three types of dismissals are ______, downsizings, and layoffs. A. outsourcings B. resourcing C. firings D. closings E. transfers

C. firings

Personal Care Products recently introduced a new acai berry shampoo. Rinn, director of new product development, has just reviewed the dismal results. As it appears that his team adequately researched the product's acceptance by consumers prior to its introduction, he is confused by the outcome. But to keep his team open to innovation, Rinn should A. step down as director. B. fire and replace the team lead as an example to others. C. foster an innovative culture and climate that permits experimentation, risk taking, and failure. D. ignore the product failure. E. demote the team leader.

C. foster an innovative culture and climate that permits experimentation, risk taking, and failure.

A(n) ___________ is a report listing your organization's employees by name, education, training, languages, and other important information. A. performance appraisal B. skills record C. human resource inventory D. job analysis E. employee database

C. human resource inventory

Ana Maria believes that she controls her own destiny. She is a rather shy person who is extremely dependable and responsible, and her coworkers respect her greatly. Ana Maria has a(n) ______ locus of control and would rate high on the _______ dimension of personality. A. external, extroversion B. neutral, agreeableness C. internal, conscientiousness D. unstable, openness to experience E. positive, emotional stability

C. internal, conscientiousness

Which of the following is a common reason that some women face a glass ceiling? A. poor goal setting B. inability to motivate others C. lack of mentors D. poor financial performance E. inability to produce high-quality work

C. lack of mentors

Employees are likely to see an adaptive change as A. highly threatening. B. moderately threatening. C. least threatening. D. significantly complex, costly, and uncertain. E. totally unacceptable.

C. least threatening.

Joan, a new manager, must enforce sales report deadlines, but her team is struggling. She creates a new system to streamline the process and helps everyone understand why the deadlines are important. On which of the following internal forces is Joan trying to have an impact? A. demographic characteristics B. shareholder, customer, and market changes C. manager's behavior D. human resource concerns E. social and political pressures

C. manager's behavior

A(n) _____ change involves introducing a practice that is new to the industry, such as using drones (rather than delivery trucks) to deliver products to customers. A. revolutionary B. adaptive C. radically innovative D. reactive E. innovative

C. radically innovative

Links Cable Network has decided to offer a one-hour appointment window for customers needing installation or repair of its service, which will require the company to have several technicians on call. Links hopes this practice will give it an advantage over the competition, none of which have adopted such a practice. Links Cable Network is introducing a(n) ______ change. A. reactive B. innovative C. radically innovative D. adaptive E. active

C. radically innovative

To ________, Ricco, an HR manager, used reports from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau for information about his industry's labor pool in his geographic area. A. perform a job analysis B. recruit from inside the organization C. recruit from outside the organization D. develop an affirmative action programE. analyze human capital

C. recruit from outside the organization

When others' expectations exceed one's ability, ______ occurs. A. burnout B. learned helplessness C. role overload D. role conflict E. role ambiguity

C. role overload

Ted was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning toward hiring Akiko, a Japanese American woman, because he thinks Asians are better at math. Ted is exhibiting which distortion in perception? A. racism B. recency effect C. stereotyping D. Pygmalion effect E. self-serving bias

C. stereotyping

The invention of a machine to make plastic corks for wine bottles has severely affected companies that produce traditional cork. The invention of the machine for making plastic corks is an example of a(n) ______ advancement. A. market B. social and political C. technological D. demographical E. economic

C. technological

According to the systems model of change, which of the following is not an input? A. the organization's mission statement B. the organization's vision statement C. the organization's products or services D. the organization's strategic plan E. an analysis of the organization's readiness for change

C. the organization's products or services

Investors who are more likely to buy a stock if they see something about it in the news or if it has a high one-day return are experiencing A. an ethical dilemma. B. ethnocentrism. C. the recency effect. D. reverse discrimination. E. self-serving bias.

C. the recency effect.

Which of the following is not a way to encourage and foster innovation? A. creating an innovation strategy B. supporting innovation with investments of time and money C. withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out D. getting commitment from top managers E. obtaining the necessary human resources

C. withholding raises and promotions when innovation attempts don't work out

Being dismissed "for cause" means that A. an employee has an opportunity to get the position back in the future. B. an employee quit the job. C. the company is downsizing, and the jobs are permanently eliminated. D. an employee is being fired for poor job performance or unacceptable behaviors. E. an employee is being laid off.

D. an employee is being fired for poor job performance or unacceptable behaviors.

People with ______ exhibit less anxiety, greater motivation, and stronger expectations that effort leads to performance. A. high self-efficacy B. high self-monitoring C. low self-efficacy D. an internal locus of control E. an external locus of control

D. an internal locus of control

The statement "I won't give Roberto such a tight deadline again" reflects the ______ component of an attitude. A. affective B. decisional C. cognitive D. behavioral or intentional E. factual

D. behavioral or intentional

A _______ often puts organizational development into practice. A. transformative consultant B. catalytic consultant C. counselor D. change agent E. training specialist

D. change agent

After Mary's Gifts and Cards surveyed its customers, it discovered that its customers preferred the company's competition more than 70 percent of the time. The most frequently cited reason was customer service. During which stage of Lewin's change model should Mary provide her employees with this information about the problems with customer service? A. stabilizing B. continuous improvement C. unfreezing D. changing E. refreezing

D. changing

Which of the following is not a suggested strategy for reducing unhealthy stressors in organizations?A. provide employee assistance programs B. recommend a holistic wellness approach C. make jobs interesting D. develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision E. make career counseling available

D. develop a more formal structure with close, authoritative supervision

As an OD consultant, Sharon is designing a survey of employee attitudes to be given to workers at SW Emergency Clinic, a provider of emergency-care services in a low-income neighborhood. In collecting this information, Sharon is conducting the ______ stage of OD. A. unfreezing B. intervention C. evaluation D. diagnosis E. refreezing

D. diagnosis

The risk of "wrongful termination" lawsuits is reduced with careful A. coaching. B. training and development. C. discussion at the time of dismissal. D. documentation. E. goal setting.

D. documentation.

A year after she assisted Thomas Engineering in making changes to an employee incentive plan, Kara, an OD consultant, is visiting the company to determine if the changes were helpful. Kara will compare sales and turnover data from the last three years to the current year. Kara is in the ______ stage of the OD process. A. refreezing B. intervention C. diagnosis D. evaluation E. adaptation

D. evaluation

Julio really enjoys mingling at work functions, both to network for new contacts and simply to share stories with other interesting people. Julio probably scores high in A. emotional stability. B. conscientiousness. C. agreeableness. D. extroversion. E. openness to experience.

D. extroversion.

During Lewin's changing stage, managers should A. reduce the barriers to change. B. make employees dissatisfied with the present situation. C. reinforce the desired change. D. give employees new information, perspectives, and models for behavior. E. encourage employees to exhibit the new change.

D. give employees new information, perspectives, and models for behavior

Typically the ________ clause in a union contract is tied to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' consumer price index (CPI). A. union security B. right-to-work C. agency D. givebacks E. cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)

D. givebacks E. cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)

As owner and senior accountant at a tax preparation firm, Mark is changing the work schedule of all employees, including managers and accountants, for the months of March and April, the company's busiest time. He is requiring everyone to work on weekends, just as he has during the tax-preparation season for the last ten years. Mark should expect that his employees will be A. terribly upset and will quit. B. moderately upset but not willing to quit. C. moderately upset and complain. D. hardly upset or not upset at all. E. terribly upset but not quit.

D. hardly upset or not upset at all.

If you have a(n) ____________, you believe you control your own destiny. A. tolerance for ambiguity B. low level of self-efficacy C. external locus of control D. internal locus of control E. high level of learned helplessness

D. internal locus of control

A ______ summarizes what the holder of the job does and how and why he or she does it. For example, this document might state, "In this job, the worker delivers pizzas within a 10-mile radius of the pizzeria, quickly and promptly, while obeying all traffic laws and driving responsibly." A. job analysis B. realistic job preview C. job specification D. job description E. performance appraisal

D. job description

Which of the following is not one of the four layers of the diversity wheel? A. organizational dimensions B. external dimensions C. internal dimensions D. management status E. personality

D. management status

An innovative change involves ______ complexity, cost, and uncertainty. A. no B. minimum C. hidden D. moderate E. extreme

D. moderate

As a sales manager, Danyce is conducting performance appraisals for her team members. To do so, she tracks each person's sales calls, amount of sales, and revenues on a quarterly basis. Danyce is using a(n) ______ system of appraisal. A. subjective B. behavioral C. trait D. objective E. 360-degree

D. objective

When Jacqueline interviewed for a position as a computer programmer, she was asked to take a test on a particular programming language. Jacqueline took a(n) ______ test. A. ability B. personality C. aptitude D. performance E. capability

D. performance

A technological innovation that improves the performance and speed of a computer's operating system would be considered a(n) ______ innovation. A. adaptive B. transformational C. personnel D. product E. process

D. product

________ change is made in response to arising problems or opportunities. BP's response to an explosion on a drilling platform in the Gulf of Mexico is an example of this kind of change. A. radical B. incremental C. proactive D. reactive E. process

D. reactive

The Americans with Disabilities Act requires employers to A. hire all qualified persons with disabilities who apply. B. actively solicit job applications from persons with disabilities. C. hire quotas of qualified persons with disabilities. D. reasonably accommodate an individual's disability. E. hire persons with disabilities to qualify for tax breaks.

D. reasonably accommodate an individual's disability.

In managing employees under an incentive pay plan, a manager should A. set "stretch" goals that are very difficult (perhaps impossible) to achieve. B. set goals with employees, but then leave them alone to pursue those goals. C. change the plan frequently to continue to motivate subordinates. D. regularly communicate with employees about the plan. E. design complex plans that cover all contingencies.

D. regularly communicate with employees about the plan.

If a manager knows one of her employees has low self-esteem and wishes to enhance it, she should A. provide frequent reminders about improving weaknesses. B. avoid delegating work to this employee. C. redesign the work so that it is routine and structured. D. reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills. E. avoid giving feedback.

D. reinforce the employee's positive attributes and skills.

You have important clients in town who want to have dinner with you, but your mother has a plumbing leak and has asked you to come over and shut off the water until she can get it fixed tomorrow. You are experiencing A. role ambiguity. B. burnout. C. learned helplessness. D. role conflict. E. role overload.

D. role conflict.

Which of the following dimensions is not an example of an external or secondary dimension on the diversity wheel? A. religion B. income C. geographic location D. seniority E. personal habits

D. seniority

Which of the following is an example of a force for change originating outside the organization? A. productivity issues B. conflict management C. structural reorganization D. social and political pressures E. absenteeism

D. social and political pressures

A _____ appraisal assesses employees on subjective attributes like attitude or leadership. A. objective B. self- C. behavioral D. trait E. 360-degree

D. trait

"What shall we do about the problem?" is the question that would most likely be asked during the ______ stage of OD. A. changing B. diagnosis C. feedback D. treatment or intervention E. evaluation

D. treatment or intervention

Jake has a master's degree in psychology, but he is working at a sunglasses cart in the mall. He is currently experiencing A. reverse discrimination. B. the glass ceiling. C. attribution. D. underemployment. E. overemployment.

D. underemployment.

Which of the following dimensions is an example of an organizational dimension on the diversity wheel? A. income B. volunteer experience C. educational background D. union affiliation E. physical abilities

D. union affiliation

The ___________________ is the part of the labor-management agreement that states that employees who receive union benefits must join the union, or at least pay dues to it. A. givebacks clause B. agency clause C. closed shop clause D. union security clause E. union shop clause

D. union security clause

Which of the following is the most common drug of abuse? A. marijuana B. tranquilizers C. prescription pain medication D. alcohol E. methamphetamine

D. alcohol

Which of the following is an example of a proactive change? A. Ciara's staff is unhappy about the long hours they have been working and several of them quit before she knows there is a problem. B. Ciara's group sends a product that is nearing its launch date back to the drawing board based on a competitor's superior new offering. C. Ciara cannot get permission to hire another person until her group misses several deadlines. D. Ciara is constantly "putting out fires," responding to daily crises in her group. E. Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content.

E. Ciara explores improvements in bonus structures with her staff and begins to implement them despite the fact that her employees are generally content.

The ____________ is a law that requires an extension of health insurance benefits after termination. A. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) B. Social Security Act C. Civil Rights Act D. Occupational Safety and Health Act E. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)

E. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)

______ occurs when people are hired or promoted, or denied hiring or promotion, for reasons not relevant to the job. A. Affirmative action B. A hostile working environment C. Quid pro quo D. Bullying E. Discrimination

E. Discrimination

__________ is the extent to which people feel secure and unworried. A. Self-esteem B. Openness to experience C. Self-efficacy D. Locus of control E. Emotional stability

E. Emotional stability

______ means that anyone can be dismissed at any time for any reason at all, or for no reason. A. Fair termination B. Capricious dismissal C. Quid pro quo D. Nonrational dismissal E. Employment at will

E. Employment at will

Which piece of legislation first established the U.S. federal minimum wage? A. Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) B. Social Security Act C. Civil Rights Act D. Occupational Safety and Health Act E. Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

E. Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

___________ are generous severance packages, negotiated by executives, which they receive if the company is taken over by another company. A. Silver linings B. Fringe benefits C. Maquiladoras D. Life insurance policies E. Golden parachutes

E. Golden parachutes

Which of the following is an effective way to deal with change and innovation? A. Insist on success and punish failure. B. Offer different explanations for the change to different work groups. C. Hold closely to established methods of getting the job done. D. Innovate by varying existing products that are already on the market. E. Have the courage to follow your ideas.

E. Have the courage to follow your ideas.

Which of the following is NOT part of the strategic human resource management process? A. Plan for human resources needs. B. Establish a grand strategy. C. Recruit and select people. D. Orient, train and develop personnel. E. Negotiate employment contracts.

E. Negotiate employment contracts.

________ is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine. A. Change agency B. Benchmarking C. OD intervention D. Radical innovation E. Resistance to change

E. Resistance to change

_____________ is the extent to which people like or dislike themselves. A. Emotional stability B. Self-awareness C. Locus of control D. Self-efficacy E. Self-esteem

E. Self-esteem

______ occurs when we form an impression of an individual based on a single trait. A. The recency effect B. A self-fulfilling prophecy C. Fundamental attribution error D. Self-serving bias E. The halo effect

E. The halo effect

______ is the tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information. A. Stereotyping B. Self-serving bias C. Fundamental attribution bias D. Selective perception E. The recency effect

E. The recency effect

________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations. A. Ethics B. Cultures C. Perceptions D. Attitudes E. Values

E. Values

A server expects a group of poorly dressed customers to be stingy tippers and gives them poor service, so he gets the result that he expects, a very small tip. This is an example of A. the halo effect. B. selective perception error. C. fundamental attribution bias. D. self-serving bias. E. a self-fulfilling prophecy.

E. a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Which type of workplace discrimination occurs when an organization uses an employment practice that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class? For example, by requiring that all employees have a high school diploma, the Mathis Construction Company essentially discriminates against those who did not graduate from high school. A. disparate treatment B. reverse discrimination C. unequal application D. harassment E. adverse impact

E. adverse impact

The statement "I really don't like that Ivan got so angry in that meeting" reflects the ______ component of an attitude. A. behavioral B. factual C. cognitive D. value E. affective

E. affective

According to the law, which of the following is considered an employment test? A. only personality tests B. only interviews and personality tests C. small talk before and after the interview D. only application forms E. any procedure used in the employment selection decision process

E. any procedure used in the employment selection decision process

The three components of ______ are affective, cognitive, and behavioral. A. values B. stress C. job satisfaction D. personality E. attitudes

E. attitudes

During a(n) _______________, Megan asked Jeff to tell her about the actions he took to overcome some sort of adversity. A. realistic job preview B. performance interview C. situational interview D. unstructured interview E. behavioral description interview

E. behavioral description interview

The ______ component of an attitude consists of the beliefs and knowledge one has about a situation. A. behavioral B. decisional C. perceptual D. affective E. cognitive

E. cognitive

The statement "Drew is slow to return phone calls" reflects the ______ component of an attitude. A. behavioral B. decisional C. perceptual D. affective E. cognitive

E. cognitive

Which of the following is a distortion in perception? A. causal attribution B. stereotyping C. halo effect D. recency effect E. cognitive dissonance

E. cognitive dissonance

Absenteeism, drug and alcohol abuse, and disciplinary problems are examples of A. organizational citizenship behaviors. B. self-efficacy. C. causal attribution. D. self-serving bias. E. counterproductive work behaviors.

E. counterproductive work behaviors

If a firm gives all international assignments to people without disabilities, assuming they will therefore not require special accommodations, which type of workplace discrimination has occurred? A. adverse impact B. reverse discrimination C. harassment D. wage gap E. disparate treatment

E. disparate treatment

Which of the following is NOT an example of an incentive? A. stock options B. commissions C. profit-sharing plans D. bonuses E. education reimbursements

E. education reimbursements

Matt is frequently nervous, tense, and worried, both at work and at home. He likely scores low on which of the Big Five personality dimensions? A. self-monitoring B. conscientiousness C. extroversion D. openness to experience E. emotional stability

E. emotional stability

Organizational dimensions, the outer layer of the diversity wheel, include all of the following except A. management status. B. union affiliation. C. seniority. D. work location. E. ethnicity.

E. ethnicity.

The best type of performance appraisal involves A. using other employees as examples. B. describing a subordinate's current performance in general terms. C. concentrating on "stretch goals." D. relying on impressions. E. giving employees continuous, real-time coaching, feedback, and solutions.

E. giving employees continuous, real-time coaching, feedback, and solutions.

Teachers Credit Union has decided that tellers must rotate through a new weekend shift on Saturday afternoons because several of its financial competitors have recently begun to offer additional hours to customers. Teachers Credit Union is implementing a(n) ______ change. A. radically innovative B. reactive C. adaptive D. proactive E. innovative

E. innovative

Employees with a(n) ______ locus of control will probably resist close managerial supervision and should probably be placed in jobs requiring high initiative and lower compliance. A. high B. low C. external D. absent E. internal

E. internal

Michele had been working as an executive assistant to the president for nearly 25 years, so when she retired, no one had a good idea of all that her job entailed. Before Michele retired, Sharon sat with her for two weeks to observe her duties and ask her to explain all the functions she performs as executive assistant to the president. Sharon was performing a(n) A. behavioral-description interview. B. performance appraisal. C. informal appraisal. D. job rotation. E. job analysis.

E. job analysis.

Workplace stress diminishes all of the following except A. positive emotions. B. job satisfaction. C. organizational commitment. D. job performance. E. job turnover.

E. job turnover.

Which of the following is an inside force for change? A. domestic competition B. recession C. advancements in automation D. immigration E. low productivity and turnover

E. low productivity and turnover

A manager must consider fairness, __________, and others' resentments in considering a promotion of an employee. A. openness B. permanence C. profitability D. safety E. nondiscrimination

E. nondiscrimination

Which of the following is NOT a type of compensation? A. wages B. salaries C. incentives D. benefits E. promotions

E. promotions

Carolina's manager notices that she exhibits an internal locus of control when she speaks about her work. Her manager should A. closely supervise Caroline's work. B. place Caroline in a highly structured job. C. give Caroline a job with much social contact with coworkers and customers. D. give Caroline a job that requires high compliance and low initiative. E. provide incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions.

E. provide incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions.

When Jason became one of three final candidates for a managerial position with a large pharmaceutical company, the hiring manager scheduled a special meeting with him. The two talked about the stressful deadlines and heavy travel required of the position, as well as the compensation and benefits. Jason appreciated that the hiring manager took the time to provide a(n) A. behavioral-description interview. B. performance appraisal. C. unstructured interview. D. situational interview. E. realistic job preview.

E. realistic job preview.

Bethany had a starring role in a film that was shot in her hometown of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Though the Screen Actors Guild, an actors' union, exists in Louisiana, Bethany was not required to join it because of the state's ________ law. A. union security B. agency C. givebacks D. cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) E. right-to-work

E. right-to-work

Sabra, an HR manager, is designing a training class for those working on the new cross-functional teams within her company. This class is aimed at improving group decision making and interpersonal relations. What method of delivery should Sabra choose? A. lectures B. computer-aided training C. workbooks D. videotapes E. role-playing, practice, and discussion

E. role-playing, practice, and discussion

Because she beat her goal this year by nearly 30 percent, Lori has been telling everyone in the sales department of her incredible skill as a salesperson. But last year when she didn't even reach her goal, she said her failure was due to the poor economy. Lori provides an example of A. the halo effect. B. a self-fulfilling prophecy. C. fundamental attribution bias. D. selective perception error. E. self-serving bias.

E. self-serving bias.

The point of the performance appraisal is to A. provide a paper trail of manager-employee interactions. B. avoid legal problems, especially discrimination complaints. C. demonstrate correct methods for work procedures. D. make sure that the subordinate's behavior is tightly controlled. E. stimulate better job performance.

E. stimulate better job performance.

________ programs help employees integrate and transition to a new job. A. Organizational citizenship B. Employee assistance C. Attribution D. Onboarding E. Proactive

D. Onboarding

____ is the extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals. A. Job involvement B. Job performance C. Job satisfaction D. Organizational commitment E. Job enrichment

D. Organizational commitment

19. What is the final step in the strategic human resource management process? A. Plan future human resources needs. B. Recruit and select people. C. Assess success of the recruitment process. D. Perform appraisals of people. E. Orient, train, and develop people.

D. Perform appraisals of people.

_______________ is the ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways. A. Self-awareness B. Situational awareness C. Social awareness D. Self-management E. Relationship management

D. Self-management

________ capital is the economic or productive potential of employee knowledge and actions. A. Human B. Labor C. Social D. Potential E. Productivity

A. Human

The ________________ requires employers with more than 50 employees to provide health insurance. A. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act B. Social Security Act C. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) D. Occupational Safety and Health Act E. Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)

A. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

_______________ is the process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization. A. Recruiting B. Selection C. Hiring D. Job posting E. Interviewing

A. Recruiting

_____ is the degree to which a test measures the same thing consistently. A. Reliability B. Accountability C. Validity D. Significance E. Dependability

A. Reliability

The two cofounders of Network Appliance, a data-storage firm in Sunnyvale, California, were feuding with each other because one founder couldn't stick to his decisions, which drove the other founder crazy. A(n) ____________ began working with the warring executives in separate sessions to solve the problem. A. organizational behavior specialist B. family doctor C. informational technologist D. acquisition consultant E. labor relations specialist

A. organizational behavior specialist

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a(n) ______ test. A. personality B. reliability C. performance D. ability E. character

A. personality

Social media (LinkedIn, Facebook) can make the search for new employees more efficient. The rise of social media is an example of a(n) __________ advancement or force. A. technological B. social or political C. market D. inside E. demographic

A. technological

Beginning with __________, a body of law has grown that requires organizations to provide employees with nonhazardous working conditions. A. the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970 B. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 C. the Taft-Hartley Act D. the establishment of the National Labor Relations Board E. the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

A. the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970

Which of the following is not a factor that affects the level of resistance to change? A. the gender of the change agent B. employee characteristics and perceptions of change C. the change agent's leadership style D. change agent-employee relationship E. the change agent's ability to empathize with the employee's perspective

A. the gender of the change agent

In the Internet Age, retailers like Amazon and Apple are not constrained by physical shelf space and can offer consumers a much wider variety of products; yet small sales, one or two rather than millions of items at a time, can produce big profits. This development is an example of A. the marketplace becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products. B. declining population in developed countries. C. China becoming the second-largest economic power. D. the rise of business-to-business technology. E. instant-gratification shopping.

A. the marketplace becoming more segmented and moving toward more niche products

A feedback technique in which an employee is appraised by her boss, peers, subordinates, and possibly clients is called a __________ appraisal. A. MBO B. 360-degree C. results D. reciprocal E. BARS

B. 360-degree

Which of the following statements about sexual harassment is true? A. A hostile work environment is characterized by a tangible economic harm. B. A person who feels he or she must acquiesce to a sexual proposition to keep his or her job is facing quid pro quo harassment. C. The organization cannot be sued for sexual harassment as long as its managers did not know about the situation. D. Uninvited hugging or patting someone is not considered sexual harassment. E. Sexual harassment is defined as occurring between members of the opposite sex.

B. A person who feels he or she must acquiesce to a sexual proposition to keep his or her job is facing quid pro quo harassment.

Which of the following is a good suggestion for managers when conducting interviews? A. Ask about the candidate's family to show personal interest. B. After the interview, write a short report with a quantitative score of the candidate's qualifications. C. Do more than half of the talking to make sure you are sharing enough about the company and its culture. D. Ask questions spontaneously to get the most straightforward answers from the candidate. E. The résumé should be used for selection of interview candidates only; ignore it thereafter.

B. After the interview, write a short report with a quantitative score of the candidate's qualifications

Allie has a degenerative eye disease that is causing her to gradually lose her eyesight. When Allie asked her employer, TrueBlue Fashions, to purchase a low-vision computer for her use at work, she was fired. TrueBlue Fashions has violated the A. Family and Medical Leave Act. B. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). C. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). D. Privacy Act. E. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.

B. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA).

Which of the following diversity issues is true in the U.S. workforce? A. Gay and bisexual male workers earn 10 percent to 32 percent more than equally qualified heterosexual counterparts. B. Literacy has ceased to be an issue among American workers. C. The median age of the American worker is at its lowest level in history. D. By 2060, the white population is projected to change from 77.5 percent in 2014 to 68.5 percent, African Americans from 13.2 percent to 14.3 percent, Asians from 5.4 percent to 9.3 percent, Hispanics or Latinos from 17.4 percent to 28.6 percent, and American Indian/Alaskan Native from 1.2 percent to 1.5 percent. E. Workers ages 55 and older are expected to make up over one-half of the labor force in 2024.

D. By 2060, the white population is projected to change from 77.5 percent in 2014 to 68.5 percent, African Americans from 13.2 percent to 14.3 percent, Asians from 5.4 percent to 9.3 percent, Hispanics or Latinos from 17.4 percent to 28.6 percent, and American Indian/Alaskan Native from 1.2 percent to 1.5 percent. E. Workers ages 55 and older are expected to make up over one-half of the labor force in 2024.

______ is the personality dimension that describes how achievement-oriented and persistent a person is. A. Emotional stability B. Locus of control C. Extroversion D. Conscientiousness E. Self-efficacy

D. Conscientiousness

______ is the belief that one's native country, culture, language, abilities, or behavior is superior to those of another culture. A. Reverse discrimination B. Stereotyping C. An ethical dilemma D. Ethnocentrism E. Diversity

D. Ethnocentrism

________________ is the purpose of the strategic human resource process. A. Maintaining a stable workforce for minimum expense B. Informing the grand strategy C. Formulating human resource-sensitive strategic plans D. Getting optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision E. Finding the human resources needed in a timely fashion

D. Getting optimal work performance to help realize the company's mission and vision

____________ includes the activities managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce. A. Personnel development B. Contingency planning C. Job analysis D. Human resource management E. Performance appraisal

D. Human resource management

________ entails job posting, which means placing information about job vacancies and qualifications in places where employees can see them such as on bulletin boards or the company's intranet. A. Job analysis B. Realistic job previewing C. Position advertising D. Internal recruiting E. External recruiting

D. Internal recruiting

Omar, an OD consultant, is working with members of a cross-functional team to build cohesiveness and practice skills to function better as a team. Omar is conducting the ______ stage of the OD process. A. feedback B. diagnosis C. evaluation D. changing E. treatment, or intervention,

E. treatment, or intervention,

In considering the staffing an organization might need in the future, human resource managers should A. focus efforts on replacing those who retire or resign. B. assume that the organization will not change much. C. assume that there will be radical changes in the supply of labor and the nature of the organization's jobs, and therefore defer planning. D. hire 10% more people than were needed last year to cover possible growth. E. understand the organization's vision and strategy in order to hire personnel to support them.

E. understand the organization's vision and strategy in order to hire personnel to support them.

A(n) ______________ is susceptible to legal attack because some questions may infringe on non-job-related matters such as privacy, diversity, or disability. A. realistic job preview B. situational interview C. performance interview D. behavioral-description interview E. unstructured interview

E. unstructured interview

Which of the following training and development methods is most appropriate when people just need to learn facts such as work rules or legal matters? A. coaching B. role-plays C. discussion D. case studies E. videotapes, workbooks, and lectures

E. videotapes, workbooks, and lectures