MGMT 473 Exam 1 Assignment Questions

In order for something to be called an organization, it must have certain assets such as buildings and equipment.

False.

Motivation is an external force on the person that causes him/her to engage in specific behaviors.

False.

Intuition allows us to draw on our tacit knowledge to guide our decision preferences.

True.

Job evaluations systematically evaluate the worth of each job within the organization by measuring its required skill, effort, responsibility and working conditions.

True.

Motivation is closely related to the concept of employee engagement.

True.

Organizational behavior encompasses the study of how organizations interact with their external environments.

True.

Our emotions influence what we recognize or screen out.

True.

Satisficing refers to:

the tendency to choose an alternative that is good enough rather than the best.

A global mindset excludes the capacity to empathize and act effectively across cultures.

False.

According to learned needs theory, companies should hire leaders with a strong need for personalized power.

False.

Competencies refer to the complete set of motivations, abilities, role perceptions, and situational factors that contribute to job performance.

False.

Decision making is a nonconscious process of moving toward a desirable state of affairs (ch. 7)

False.

Emotions represent the cluster of beliefs, assessed feelings, and behavioral intentions towards something or someone guided by conscious logical reasoning.

False.

Escalation of commitment occurs when employees increase their support for a decision because most of their colleagues also support that decision. (ch. 7)

False.

Maslow's needs hierarchy theory explains how people develop perceptions of fairness in the distribution and exchange of resources.

False.

Moods are less intense emotional states that are directed toward something or somebody in particular.

False.

________ is the process of filtering information received by our senses.

Selective attention.

The process of assigning traits to people based on their membership in an identifiable social category is called:

Stereotyping.

Employee stock ownership plans and stock options tend to create an "ownership culture" in which employees feel aligned with the organization's success.

True.

Expectancy theory of motivation states that people naturally direct their effort towards behaviors they believe are most likely to lead to desired outcomes.

True.

Goal setting potentially improves employee performance by increasing motivation and clarifying role perceptions.

True.

In terms of cross-cultural values, people in the United States tend to have relatively high individualism, middle to high achievement orientation, and medium to low power distance.

True.

People who believe that their successful completion of a project is due to their skill and hard work are making an internal attribution.

True.

People with a high need for affiliation tend to be more effective in jobs that require them to mediate conflicts.

True.

Stereotyping is an extension of social identity theory and a product of our natural process of organizing information through categorical thinking.

True.

The MARS model identifies the four main factors that influence individual behavior: motivation, ability, role perceptions, and situational factors.

True.

The last step in the rational decision-making model is to evaluate the decision outcomes. (ch. 7)

True.

Three challenges organizations are facing include globalization, increasing workforce diversity, and emerging employment relationships.

True.

Values are stable, evaluative beliefs about what is important in a variety of situations.

True.

The optimal level difficulty of a goal:

occurs when the goal is challenging but not impossible.

Attitudes represent a cluster of beliefs, motivation and feelings about an attitude object.

True.

Beliefs are established perceptions about the attitude object.

True.

Confirmation bias causes us to screen out information that is contrary to our values and assumptions.

True.

Emotions generate a core affect that something is good or bad, helpful or harmful, to be approached or avoided.

True.

Which of the following determine whether intentions translate into behavior?

All four elements of the MARS model

Some investors in the stock market become overconfident and ignore evidence that their strategies will lose money. This can be attributed to _____.

Confirmation bias.

Which of these is also referred to as participative management? (ch. 7)

Employee involvement.

OB can be used to fulfill the need to understand and predict the behavior of others in the organization. However, it is not helpful in influencing others to getting things done in organizations.

False.

Skill-based pay plans give an employee a higher pay rate for those days that he or she performs two or more jobs at the same time.

False.

The ideal situation in organizations is to have employees whose values are perfectly congruent with the organization's values.

False.

The perceptual process begins by attributing behavior to internal or external causes.

False.

The most effective reinforcement schedule for learning new tasks is variable ratio schedule.

False. It's continuous reinforcement. Variable ratio is best for motivation.

Which of the following refers to the process of receiving information about and making sense of the world around us?

Perception.

The first stage of the creative process is:

Preparation.

In expectancy theory, valence refers to the:

anticipated satisfaction or dissatisfaction that an individual feels towards an outcome.

The uncomfortable tension felt when our behavior and attitudes are inconsistent with each other is called:

cognitive dissonance

Anger, fear, joy, and sadness represent the:

different types of emotions.

Customer service representatives (CSRs) often conceal their frustration when serving an irritating customer. This behavior from the CSRs is an example of:

emotional labor

Which of the following terms best represents the positive or negative evaluations of the attitude object?

feelings.

In the four-drive theory, the drive ______ is most closely associated with the need for relative status and recognition.

to acquire