MGMT 498 8

Which of the following terms describes the strengths that allow a firm to distinguish itself from the competition?

core competencies

When a business answers the question of where to compete, it is determining ___.

corporate strategy

Which of the following are alternatives on the make-or-buy continuum? (Check all that apply.)

equity alliances joint ventures

One way to overcome the principal-agent problem is to ______.

make managers owners through stock options

Which of the following have significantly more value in their intended use than in their next-best use?

specialized assets

A(n) ______ is a voluntary arrangement between firms that involves sharing of resources and capabilities with the intent of developing processes, products, or services.

strategic alliance

The two alternatives to vertical integration are which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

taper integration strategic outsourcing

A disadvantage of a short-term contract as an alternative on the make-or-buy continuum is that ______.

the supplying firm has little reason to perform transaction-specific investments

Why do some firms choose alternatives to vertical integration?

to avoid the risks associated with vertical integration

Which of the following are among the reasons firms need to grow? (Check all that apply.)

to increase profits to motivate management

Which of the following is the term for the costs associated with an economic exchange?

transaction costs

What are the main types of corporate diversification? (Check all that apply.)

unrelated diversification related diversification dominant business diversification single business diversification

__ strategy involves the decisions that senior management makes and the goal-directed actions it takes to gain and sustain competitive advantage in several industries and markets simultaneously.

Corporate

Specialized assets have ______.

high opportunity cost

Which of the following are types of strategic alliances? (Check all that apply.)

long-term contracts joint ventures equity alliances

Amazon's continued focus on ______ is a key to its ongoing success.

innovation

Long-term contracts (such as licensing and franchising), equity alliances, and joint ventures are examples of which of the following?

strategic alliances

Long-term contracts are classified as ______.

strategic alliances

Which of the following describes economies of scope?

the savings from producing two or more outputs at less cost than producing each output individually

What happens when the markets along the industry value chain are too risky and alternatives too costly in time or money?

vertical market failure

Which of the following are types of vertical integration along the industry value chain? (Check all that apply.)

backward forward

A conglomerate fits which type of corporate diversification model?

unrelated diversification

______ costs are all of the costs associated with an economic exchange.

Transaction

______ refers to the firms' ownership of its production of needed inputs or of the channels by which it distributes its outputs.

vertical integration

True or false: It can be riskier to own parts of the supply chain than to rely on external supply chains.

true

______ are unique assets with high opportunity cost.

Specialized assets

What is a major disadvantage of organizing economic activity within firms?

the principal-agent problem

Which of the following are the four underlying strategic management concepts that determine the scope of a firm? (Check all that apply.)

transaction costs core competencies economies of scope economies of scale

A non-diversified company focuses on which of the following?

a single market

When a manufacturer of computers starts to produce its own computer components, the manufacturer engages in ______ vertical integration.

backward

TWN, a large multinational corporation, chose to spin off one of its SBUs that was unrelated to TWN's core business in order to avoid the ______. When they announced the spin-off, the stock price of TWN went up by 5%.

diversification discount

In the ______ quadrant of the core competence--market matrix, a firm combines existing core competencies with existing markets.

existing core competence--existing market

If a company moves ownership of activities closer to the end customer, such as providing after-sales support, it is engaging in ______ vertical integration.

forward

Corporate strategy needs to be dynamic over time in order to ______. (Check all that apply.)

keep and maintain a competitive advantage respond to the ever-changing external environment diversify to capture growth opportunities

To figure out if a firm's type of diversification is ______, one can ask questions about the degree to which the corporation's business units share core competencies.

related or unrelated

What are the three dimensions along which executives formulate corporate strategy?

the degree of vertical integration the geographic scope the type of diversification

Transaction costs include ______ costs associated with an economic exchange.

the internal and external

The degree of vertical integration corresponds to ______.

the number of industry value chain stages in which a firm directly participates

Amazon's explosive success is largely due to which of the following? (Check all that apply.)

diversification vertical integration

Firms that pursue an unrelated diversification strategy and are unable to create additional value tend to experience which of the following?

a diversification discount

True or false: According to the make-or-buy continuum, strategic alliances are more integrated than short-term contracts.

True

Zipster is a local manufacturer of athletic shoes. Zipster has decided it wants to expand to global markets and to offer a larger selection of items. It plans to offer not just athletic shoes but also luggage and car accessories. Zipster is engaging in ______.

diversification

A(n) ______ is a situation in which the stock price of a highly diversified firms is valued as less than the sum of their individual business units.

diversification discount

In the ______ quadrant of the core competence--market matrix, the focus is on leveraging current core competencies to improve current market position.

existing competence--existing market

In order for a firm to lower costs, it must ______.

grow

Which of the following is an example of the principal-agent problem even when the principal's goal is to create shareholder value?

a manager flying first class on all business trips