MGMT 8 LearnSmart

formal organization details lines of:

- authority, position, and responsibility

Disadvantages of a line structure for large businesses are:

- being too inflexible - having lengthy lines of communication -the lack of expertise to solve complex problems

Regardless of the size of the organization, the principles of organizing include:

- deciding what work needs to be done - dividing up the tasks to be done -a hierarchy of authority

Important decisions to be. made while designing an organization include:

- departmentalization - degree of centralization - span of control

four ways to structure an organization

- line-and-staff organization - line organization - cross-function self-managed teams -matrix-style organizations

Which of the following are reasons to name department managers for each department created during departmentalization?

- to assure the department's accountability - to maintain control of the whole process

What exemplifies line personnel in the line-and-staff organization

-Packaging Personnel -Production workers

Which Fayol principle states that the amount of decision-making power vested in top management should vary by circumstances?

Degree of Centralization

A firm that has a marketing department organizing geographically and a production process organized by function has which type of departmental structure?

Hybrid

Line personnel have the ability to ___ and influence

advise

Comparing an organization's practices, processes, and products against the world's best is called ______

benchmarking

Adjusting to changing markets is a normal function of a ____ economy

capitalist

Greater top management control is an advantage of ______ organization structures

centralized

If the structure of an organization is a tall pyramid, it would be likely to have __ decision-making

centralized

According to Fayol, all workers should be able to reach each other quickly and more easily through ____ ____ ____

clear communication channels

Nike's strength is manufacturing athletic shoes and Apple's is in marketing innovative electronics. Examples of a company's _____

core competencies

Those functions that the organization can do as well as or better that any other organization in the world are called ___ ____.

core competencies

Widely shared values within an organization providing unity and cooperation to achieve common goals is called an organizational ___

culture

Macy's is a company that allows its managers in California to select different items for sale that those in Maine because it has a ____ structure

decentralized

organizing groups of jobs into working units usually called departments, units, groups, or divisions are called ____

departmentalization

Farmer --> separates job functions into mowing, edging, and trimming --> to different workers --> ____

division of labor

Organizations monitor the business ____ to see what competitors are offering and what customers are demanding

environment

An organization structure that has few layers of management and a broad span of control is called a ___ organization structure

flat

The principle of organizational structure where one person is at the top and the other managers are ranked sequentially from the top down is ____

hierarchy

The concept that states all workers should know to whom they report is referred to as the _____ of _____

hierarchy of authority

A benefit of the unity of command principle is:

it prevents confusion since each employee reports to one manager

Production workers, distribution people, and marketing personnel who are responsible for directly achieving organizational goals are called ____ personnel

line

Those directly responsible for achieving the organization's production goals by issuing orders and enforcing discipline are ____ managers

line

In a pizza parlor the chain of command is a general manager, shift manager, and employees. The employees report to the shift manager who reports to the general manager. This exemplifies :

line organization

A ____ structure, also called a project management structure, sets up teams from different departments, thereby creating two or more intersecting lines of authority

matrix

An organization shows who reports to whom, who is accountable for accomplishing specific work, and the relationships among people in the company is an ______

organization chart

To understand the formal reporting relationships among people in a company one may consult the company's ____

organizational charts

_____, or division of labor, begins with determining what works needs to be done, and then dividing up the task amount the organization

organizing

A chain of 3 local restaurants has decided to ____ its payroll and tax reporting to a firm that specializes in that function

outsource

When a department is assigned responsibility for specific tasks, it should also be allocated the ____ to accomplish its objectives

resources

According to Fayol, division of labor states that functions within an organization to be divided into areas of _____

specialization

In a line and staff organization, those who advise line personnel but do not have the authority to issue direct orders to them are the company's ____ personnel

staff

A company that is so open to other companies that electronic information is shared as if the companies were one exhibits:

transparency

For departments to operate effectively, they must be allocated sufficient resources such as:

- Personnel - Funds -Equipment

The result of the increase in the rate of change in the business environment from causes such as natural disasters and global competition has been that companies must:

- adapt to new technologies - change more quickly that ever before

Advantages/ Disadvantages of a decentralized authority

- adaption to customers wants - empowerment of workers - less efficiency - complex distribution system

Responsibility of production line managers?

- disciplining production workers - issuing orders to production workers

According to Fayol's traditional management, line organization managers:

- issue orders to those they supervise - enforce discipline for those they supervise

Advantages of the matrix organization structure?

- it makes efficient use of organization resources -it encourages inter organizational cooperation

Examples of employees considered to be staff personnel would include

- legal advisers - information technology workers

Which of following would qualify as staff personnel in the line-and-staff organization?

- legal advisers -human resource managers -marketing research analysts

Disadvantages of departmentalization by function

- poor communication - identifying with department goals to detriment of the organization's goals

Real time is the ____ moment or the ____ time in which something takes place

- present - actual

Which of the following are characteristics of a matrix organization:

- specialist from different parts of the organization work to work temporarily -specialists from different parts on an organization work on specific projects and remain part of the line and staff structure

Which of the following would be the result of departmentalization process?

- the creation of group of specialists to process the Human resource functions of the business - the creation of a group including only accountants to process financial transactions

MACY'S switched to a decentralized structure --> in the most recent economic crisis --> why

- to merchandise appropriately for each area

The bureaucratic principles proposed by Fayol and Weber are most likely to apply to an organization that ___

- wants to eliminate decision making for lower level employees - employs many unskilled workers

Max Weber's principles of organization resembled Fayol's. In addition, Weber emphasized which of the following principles?

- written rules, decision guidelines, and detailed records - consistent procedures, regulations, and policies - Job descriptions

In a project where members have different expertise and leadership is shared to complete the task, which organization structure works best?

Cross-functional self-managed team

A ____ organization structure maintains the decision-making authority at the top level of management

centralized

The Line of authority that moves from the top of a hierarchy to the lowest level is called ___ of ____

chain of command

Groups of employees from different departments who work together on a long-term basis and are empowered to make decisions without management approval are:

cross-functional self-managed team

the benefit of ____ by function is that it helps create economies of scale by centralizing resources and experts in one area

departmentalization

Young people who have grown up with the internet and social networking outlets like twitter are called ____ ____

digital natives

In a decentralized organization the decision-making authority is delegated as far ____ the chain of command as possible

down

This is adapting to change one of the hardest challenges facing any manager?

employees and managers are sometimes resistant to change

The current trend in organizations is to ____ the span of control

expand

A McDonald's restaurant anywhere in the world has an atmosphere and look that represents the company's values of cleanliness, quality service, and value. This has an example of:

organization culture

The drawbacks to Weber's principles of organization have been that

- following the rules can become an end in itself - large organizations may develop too many rules

An importnat driver of change is customer expectations. Consumers expect ____ products and fast, friendly ____ at a reasonable cost

- high-quality - service

Which of the following are considered to be drivers of organizational change in the evolving business environment?

- pressure to preserve the natural environment -faster technological change -more global competition

According to Fayol's equity principle, a manager should treat employees and peers with ___ and ___

- respect - justice

The purpose of an organizational chart is to:

- show relationships among people - show who reports to whom - show who is accountable for the competition of specific work

According to Fayol's order principle, _____ and ____ should be placed and maintained in the proper location

-Materials -People

One way organizations adapt to reduce costs in response to change is to:

-eliminate middle managers - outsource some functions

Which organizational theorist promoted the pyramid-shaped organization structure as critical to his bureaucracy based philosophy?

Weber

A cross-functional team that includes suppliers, distributors, and customers goes beyond organizational ____

boundaries

Cross-functional self-managed teams are used in organizations to

break down barriers between functional departments

Managing ____________ has become a critical managerial function because the increasing rate of change affects all organizations.

change

Department managers are given authority and responsibility for the work of a department to:

control the entire process

The process of setting up individual departments to do specialized work is:

departmentalization

Remaining ___ is the key to an organization's success in changing times

flexible

Departmentalization by process enables employees to do a better job because they can ___

focus on learning few critical skills

If you worked for a service organization as a customer service representative, what would more empowerment allow you to do for the organization?

gain information about demand directly from the customers in your area

A company that has customers in several different regions of the world would most likely departmentalize by _____ _____

geographic location

A disadvantage of both line and staff organizational structures is that their become _____

inflexible

when an organization chart is turned upside down with top management placed at the bottom, this is usually know as a

inverted organizations

In one of your business courses you are assigned a team project . During your first meeting you separate the project duties according to each person's degree major. This is know as division of ____

labor

In line-and-staff structures, staff managers provide advice and support to ____ departments on specialized matters such as finance, engineering, Human Resources, and the law

line

An organization that has direct two-way lines of responsibility, authority, and communication running from the top to the bottom of the organization, with all people reporting to only one supervisor is called a ____

line organization

A large organization might use a flat organization structure in order to:

match the flexibility of small firms

Line managers are those who have the authority to:

- enforce discipline - adjust to changing conditions - issue orders

Changing a supply line to make it more efficient and a better use of resources would exhibit:

restructuring

The ___ of ___ is the optimal # of subordinates a manager should supervise

span of control

A temporarily networked organization made up of replaceable firms that join and leave as needed is called a ____ organization

virtual