MGMT INNOVATION EXAM
According to Govindarajan and Kopalle, 2006, disruptive innovations contain the following three dimensions:
(a) technological features, (b) marketplace dynamics and (c) external environment.
Typically, product evolves through four stages. Which stage reflects incremental process innovation and radical product innovation
EMERGENCE
According to the USA survey in 2018, judged by the total number of patent approvals, which company is the most innovative?
IBM
Which of the following company had the most patents in 2019?
IBM
Of the four major components for organizing innovation, which is organizational culture part of?
INFORMAL STRUCTURE
Functional structure has the following advantages.
Increase efficiency (learning curve) Easy to monitor and evaluate Better focus on core activities
According to Dr. Wu's research, how are CEO's tenure and innovation related?
Innovative outcomes are highest with moderate tenured CEOs. With Moderate tenure the CEO is still interested in the job and knows a lot about the company and information is moderately filtered
Product value chain is often a linear process. What describes service value chain?
Iterative
Which of the following better describe crowdfunding for innovation?
Large number of funders, and small amount of donation each funder
Customers often don't buy the product only. Then what do they want?
an experience / good service
Positive emotions are conducive to creativity because they broaden our view leading to ___________.
divergent thinking
Leader's roles may vary along the stages of innovation. A leader's role in early stage of innovation is ______ (choose: direct or indirect) and as ideas move through the pipeline, a leader's role becomes more _____ (choose: direct or indirect).
indirect ,direct
An idea that is innovative has to be _____, ______, or ________.
made , build , implemented
A company has three units: one deals with individual customers, another deals with governmental agencies, and the last one deals with private businesses. What structure does the company have?
market
Most scholars agree that creativity is about generation of ideas that are (a) _____, and (b) ______ or serve a purpose
novel, useful
Exploitation focuses on ____ and _____ while exploration focuses on ____ and ______.
operation structure new product development speed flexibility
Of the three levels, individuals, teams and organizations, _____ are primarily responsible for idea implementation
organization
what is the implicit star in Porter's value chain perspective?
products
Long term success is often marked by periods of incremental change and punctuated by discontinuous change.
true
Successful companies often fail because they cannot play two games at once: taking advantage of the current technology and developing strategy to deal with the new technology.
true
When a company says that our cost of producing the new product is lower than our competitors, they are talking about innovation efficiency.
true
One of the barriers for service innovation is how to communicate. When talking about products, the focus is on the cost. What about service?
value
What should be the focus of a service value chain?
value creation
leaders can exert direct influence on a company's innovation through ____ and strategy, and ____ allocation.
vision , resource
In the interview about GoogleX, which product failed terribly?
google glass
According to Dr. Wu's research, which company adopts learning mechanism to respond to changes in order to achieve sustainable superior performance?
huawei
What percentage of change initials fail to meet the expectation?
70
According to Chesbrough (2011), services comprise more than _____% of aggregate GDP and employment in the Organization for Economic and Development countries.
70%
Creative people have the following traits __________.
All of the above
The chance of getting hired at Google is
0.2%
According to Thomas Edison: "Genius is __% inspiration and __% perspiration."
1, 99
For a smart phone, which of the following is a product benefit?
Communication
There are two types of openness in open innovations. What is inside out openness?
Companies allow some of its own ideas, technologies, or processes to be use by customers or other businesses.
Which company bought Oculus VR, developed from a crowdfunding project, for 2 billion dollars?
Innovation efficacy can refer to the cost of the innovation project.
FALSE
Theory E adopts soft approach to organizational change while theory O adopts the hard approach
FALSE
Theory O focuses on structural and system changes while theory E focuses on changes in organizational culture and employees' behavior.
FALSE
Uber is a disruptive innovation according to Christensen.
FALSE
Robert Nardelli adopted Theory O of change when he became the CEO of Home Depot
False
Theory O leaders of change use more external consultants than that of Theory E
False
Which of the following is NOT one of the sources of resisting changes?
Fear of loss of job
___ play a substantial role in shaping and guiding successful innovations.
Leaders
Which of the following is NOT one of the success factors for commercialization?
National culture characteristics
Which of the following newness is NOT a factor to determine product novelty?
New to the competitor
Of the four major components for organizing, which is organizational structure part of?
ORGANIZATION ARRANGEMENT
Which of the following describes success factors for new product development?
Product advantages Customer reach Good price ALL OF THE ABOVE
leaders who take risks and act innovatively send the message that these activities are acceptable, thereby increasing the likelihood of subordinates engaging in innovative activities. What type of indirect influence is this that leaders exert on the organization?
Role Modelling
According to Steven Wozniak, Steve Jobs possessed __________.
SUPERIOR MARKET KNOWLEDGE
in 2018, which of the following company spent the most in R&D?
Samsung
Which of the following better describe traditional financing for innovation?
Small number of funders, and large amount of donation each funder
What needs to be done describes which of the four critical factors that help a company to achieve successful innovation?
TASKS
Ken Olsen, CEO of DEC, used to call personal computers "---------
TOYS
Disruptive innovations become possible because incumbents pay too much attention to the high end, highly profitable customers.
TRUE
Disruptive innovations come from two footholds.
TRUE
Innovation performance are determined by efficiency and efficacy.
TRUE
Low end disruptive innovation often has a low price and good enough quality.
TRUE
When employees feel on expedition, high time pressure leads creative thinking.
TRUE
According to Superfreakonomics, what has been most helpful in improving the lives of women in rural India?
The spread of cable and satellite television
What idea did Eric Dobson propose so as to slow down the drivers near his school?
Three D illusion crosswalks
Communication is the most effective way to manage which of the sources of resistance to change?
Threshold for change
Employees on a mission are likely to be creative under high time pressure.
True
When employees feel on autopilot, low time pressure is a bad thing.
True
the Apollo 13 story suggests that time pressure can generate creativity.
True
There are two types of openness in open innovations. What is outside in openness?
When companies make great use of external ideas and technologies.
List two ways to foster open service innovation
Work closely with customers to develop new solutions Focus offers on utility rather than the product.
Change that occurs over a period of time in stages is called
______ incremental
In the case of smashing the clock, which company implemented the ROWE policy?
bestbuy
What is the key difference between open and closed innovations?
closed innovations refer to when companies keep all innovation effort INSIDE the company (company uses its own ideas , technologies or process) , in open innovation effort is OUTSIDE the company ( use external ideas and technologies )
Which of the following is the top barrier for successful change?
competing resources
Scientists and Engineers typically engage in _______while artists and performers are inclined to engage in__
convergent, divergent
Across industries, there is a pattern in which success begets success over the long term.
false
Most of the time, when companies get larger and larger, they become inertia
false
When employees feel on expedition, they tend to collaborate with one group rather than with one person.
false
Leaders can exert indirect influence on a company's innovation through ____ ______, rewards and _____, hiring and team _____, and ____ for creativity
role model, recognition ,position , climate
Of the three levels, individuals, teams and organizations, _____ are primarily responsible for idea refinement.
teams