MGNT 421 Ch 12

According to I. L. Janis, which of the following are the symptoms of groupthink in an organizational context?

-illusion of invulnerability -collective rationalization -stereotypes of the opposition as evil, weak, or stupid

virtual team

A geographically distributed group that does not meet physically.

In an organizational context, which of the following is a difference between teams and groups?

Team members usually have a stronger sense of identification among themselves than group members do.

The question of whether the collective membership of the team is appropriate for the task to be performed is concerned with which variable?

boundaries

Subgroups of individuals who often share the same goals, values, and expectations are referred to as

cliques

Supporting and praising others is part of the task role known as ________.

encouraging

At the organizational level (O-1), the Team Leadership Model (TLM) suggests that a leader should primarily _____.

examine the reward system that may be impacting the team

Subsystem Optimization

individuals on team must sometimes not maximize individual effort

In the context of an organization, identify the true statements about social facilitation.

-It typically occurs when the presence of others increases individual accountability for work. -It was first documented in classic experiments at the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company.

According to I. L. Janis, what are the ways of reducing groupthink in an organizational setting?

-Leaders should create an atmosphere of open inquiry through their own impartiality and objectivity. -At least one member of the group should be assigned the role of devil's advocate. -Leaders should encourage all group members to take on the role of critical evaluator.

Leaders can enhance the performance of a virtual team in all of the following ways except which?

Being careful not to exploit the diversity of the team

____ conflict occurs when someone receives inconsistent signals from several others about expected behavior.

Intersender role

In the context of an organization, the inefficiencies created by more and more people working together as a group are referred to as _____.

process loss

performing stage

the fourth stage of group development when the group is fully functional and works on group task

If Jim artificially changes his behavior because he is aware that his behavior is being studied, a phenomenon known as _____ occurs.

the hawthorne effect

Which behavior do norms govern in an organization?

the ones the group feels are important

storming stage

the second stage in group development, characterized by intragroup conflict

True or false: In an organizational context, experiments across different sorts of tasks have tended to demonstrate greater effort when every individual's work is monitored than when many individuals' outputs are anonymously pooled into a collective product.

true

True or false: Most people in an organization have multiple roles stemming from the various groups with which they are associated.

true

illusion of vulnerability

unwarranted optimisim

In an organizational context, identify the statements that show the differences between teams and groups.

-Task interdependence typically is greater with teams than with groups. -Team members often have more differentiated and specialized roles than do group members.

In the context of an organization, identify the guidelines given by Terence Brake for leaders of virtual teams.

-The leaders should recognize the limits of available technologies. -The leaders should create a sense of order and predictability. -The leaders should be proactive and stay people-focused.

In the context of groups, identify the true statements about ollieism.

-variant of groupthink -problem in cohesive groups

Which of the following best describes a group?

Eight people meeting to plan a school bond issue.

According to the process known as punctuated equilibrium, teams do which of the following?

Spend the first half of their life muddling through various strategies

The Navy Seals are an example of ______.

a cluster

The Team Leadership Model does all of the following except

allow leadership to be understood as a function of the leader and his characteristics.

Belittling others and creating a hostile or intimidating environment is part of the dysfunctional role known as ____ role.

attacking

What keeps a group together is ___________

cohesion

The term being used to describe team leadership, network leadership, and complexity leadership is

collective leadership

During the dream stage of development, leaders should

define the vision of the team

In the ____ phase of the Team Leadership Model (TLM), team members are selected and trained, a strategy is developed, and appropriate attitudes and values are instilled in team members.

design

Which phase of the Team Leadership Model (TLM) is the most frequently omitted step in the culture of many traditional organizations?

design

Which of the following is not true of leaders with a large span of control?

display more consideration to followers

The dysfunctional role known as ______ involves monopolizing group time and forcing views on others.

dominating

During the ____ stage, a clear vision of where the team is going is established.

dream

True or false: In the leader-follower-situation model, leader characteristics play the most important role.

false

development of groups

forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

According to Terence Brake, leaders of virtual teams in an organization should _____.

give members of the team personal attention

What strategy has been found to be particularly helpful for keeping teams together?

having teams work in ad hoc pairs for a week or two

Team Leadership Model

input, process, output

When someone is unable to perform all of his roles as well as he would like, ____ conflict takes place.

interrole

assumption of mortality

leads to absence of reflection on ethics

illusion of unanimity

leads to consensus being assumed to be greater

collective rationalization

leads to negative warnings being discounted

direct pressure

leads to norm that disagreement represents disloyalty

group dynamics

refers to interactions among team members, including aspects such as how they communicate with others, express feelings toward each other, and manage conflict with each other.

Which of the following is not one of the variables identified by Ginnett that is essential to the effective functioning of teams?

role

When there is a lack of clarity about exactly what expectations are, ____ occurs.

role ambiguity

All of the following except which are levels in the input stage of the Team Leadership Model?

situational factors

In the context of an organization, which of the following refers to any time people increase their level of work due to the presence of others?

social facilitation

In an organizational context, the phenomenon of reduced effort by people in a group when they are not individually accountable for their work is known as _____.

social loafing

According to I. L. Janis, to reduce groupthink in an organizational setting, leaders should refrain from _____.

stating personal preferences or expectations that may create bias in group discussions

Most of the characteristics of effective teams as identified with the Center for Creative Leadership are concerned with _______, while the remaining characteristics are concerned with group maintenance.

task accomplishment

If a job is meaningless, lacks sufficient autonomy, or provides no knowledge of results, a leader would not expect to see followers putting forth much effort. In the Team Leadership Model (TLM), these are problems at the

team design level

overbounding

occurs when groups become so cohesive they erect fences or boundaries between themselves and others.

In an organizational context, identify the process measures of effectiveness that provide criteria by which one can examine how a team works.

-The team members must have sufficient skills and knowledge to perform the tasks. -The team must work hard enough. -The team must have an appropriate strategy to accomplish the tasks. -The team must have positive and constructive group dynamics among its members.

Which of the following occurs when illegal actions are taken by overly zealous and loyal subordinates who believe that what they are doing will please their leaders?

ollieism

When a group becomes more concerned with striving for unanimity than objectively appraising different action options, ___ has occurred.

overbounding

All of the following are true of groups except which?

people are limited to one group at a time

____ conflict occurs when role expectations violate a person's values.

person role

Targeting and taking over a ship is which of the following?

planned out and orchestrated event

adjourning stage

the final stage in group development for temporary groups, characterized by concern with wrapping up activities rather than task performance

forming stage

the first stage of group development in which people join the group and then define the group's purpose, structure, and leadership

In an organizational context, a task where a group's output simply involves the combination of individual outputs is known as a(n)

additive task

The sets of expected behaviors associated with particular jobs or positions in an organization are known as _____.

group roles

The question 'what's going on?' is addressed by which function of the Team Leadership Model?

develop

The ongoing work done with the team at the process level to find ways to improve an already well-design team takes place at the _____ phase of the Team Leadership Model.

development

Resolving interpersonal conflicts and reducing tension are part of the relationship role known as ___________.

harmonizing

norming stage

the third stage in group development, characterized by close relationships and cohesiveness

Which of the following is not true of highly cohesive groups as compared to less cohesive groups?

they don't influence each other

The Shipboard Articles that individuals had to sign before they could become part of a pirate ship are similar to the _______ of modern organizations

norms