MGT 2010 Final

The best (most effective) leaders display both transactional and transformational leadership styles. True or False

True

The goal-setting theory suggests that employees can be motivated by goals that are specific and challenging, but achievable. a. True b. False

True

The systems model of change consists of three parts (inputs, target elements of change, and outputs) and a feedback loop. a. True b. False

True

_______ is not a relationship-oriented behavior. A. evaluating B. empowering-leadership C. consideration D. Servant-leadership E. Ethical leadership

A. evaluating

A committee assigned by a manager to investigate the impacts of health care reform on the organization is an example of a(n) Multiple Choice A. formal group. B. official group. C. organized group. D. informal group. E. informal team.

A. formal group

All of the following are informal aspects of the workplace except A. hierarchy B. values C. personalities D. conflict E. culture

A. hierarchy

Which of the following is considered a "soft" tactic used to influence others? A. ingratiating tactics B. coalition tactics C. legitimating tactics D. exchange tactics E. pressure tactics

A. ingratiating tactics

Which of the following is not a key quality displayed by humble leaders? A. low self-awareness B. openness to feedback C. appreciation of others D. low self-focus E. appreciation of the greater good

A. low self-awareness

Team composition reflects the collection of jobs, personalities, values, knowledge, experience, and skills of team members. True or False

True

The organizational development (OD) process has three steps: ___________, accompanied by feedback. a. Diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation b. Evaluation, data collection, and diagnosis c. Intervention, implementation, and execution d. Management, revitalization, and adaptation e. Management, diagnosis, and implementation

A. Diagnosis, Intervention, and Evaluation

When physically attractive people are also assumed to be smarter and nicer, which perception distortion has occurred? a. Halo effect b. Stereotyping c. Selective perception d. Self-serving bias e. Recency effect

A. Halo Effect

12. Which of the following is not a recommended way to manage innovation and change? a. Prevent failure at all cost b. Look for opportunities in unconventional ways c. Give one consistent explanation for the change d. Have the courage to follow your ideas e. Remain agile; adapt to business change quickly and reliably

A. Prevent failure at all cost

13. _________ is the trait of emotional intelligence (EI) that includes empathy, showing others that you care, and organizational intuition, so you keenly understand how your emotions and actions affect others. a. Social awareness b. Self-awareness c. Self-management d. Relationship management e. Self-monitoring

A. Social Awareness

23. Another name for the intervention phase of Organization Development is __________. a. Treatment b. Evaluation c. Rationalization d. Ratiocination e. Diagnosis

A. Treatment

For a manager, building an effective team requires work, but the payoff is A. a stronger, better-performing work unit. B. good relationships with others in the company, especially your superiors. C. employees who will work overtime, often without expecting to be paid for it. D. employees who will do as you say without questioning you. E. more responsibilities for you and other managers.

A. a stronger, better-performing work unit.

________ is the final stage of group and team development. A. adjourning B. norming C. measuring D. performing E. assessing

A. adjourning

Although ______ are typically unwritten and seldom discussed openly, they have a powerful influence on group and organizational behavior. A. norms B. personality conflict C. quality standards D. task roles E. work rules

A. norms

When much of her work was automated with a new computerized system, Brittany became unsure of her ability to do her job. Sara, her boss, has been mentoring her to improve her A. self-efficacy B. learned helplessness C. agreeableness D. internal locus of control E. conscientious

A. self-efficacy

7. Which of the following is a motivating factor according to Herzberg's two-factor theory? a. The work itself b. Pay and security c. Working conditions d. Company policies e. Supervisors

A. the work itself

Which of the following is not a reason why control is needed? A. Control helps one discover irregularities and errors. B. Control allows one to maintain authority over employees. C. Control increases productivity or adds value. D. Control helps an organization provide performance feedback. E. Control allows one to adapt to change and uncertainty and detect opportunities.

B. Control allows one to maintain authority over employees.

11. The PDCA cycle is part of a. Statistical process control b. Deming management c. Management by exception d. Six Sigma e. Applying the RATER dimensions

B. Deming Management

When a local grocery store adopts its competitor's practice of staying open 24 hours a day, the store's employees will be required to work flexible schedules (something the employees did not have to do previously). The local grocery store is implementing a(n) ______ change. a. Adaptive b. Innovative c. Process d. Impermanent e. Radically innovative

B. Innovative

According to equity theory, which type of justice reflects the perceived fairness of how resources and rewards are distributed or allocated? A. procedural B. distributive C. interactional D. motivational E. poetic

B. distributive

Jason is more apt to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment; he has a(n) ______ personality. A. extroverted B. proactive C. agreeable D. reactive E. extroverted

B. proactive

According to ______, competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the primary motivations for behavior. A. two-factor theory B. self-determination theory C. acquired needs theory D. hierarchy of needs theory E. expectancy theory

B. self-determination theory

______ leadership encourages employees to pursue organizational goals over self-interests. A. transactional B. transformational C. Laissez-faire D. shared E. service

B. transformational

"I intend to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude? A. cognitive B. affective C. behavioral D. value E. actionable

C. behavioral

The question "What was the best idea you ever sold to a supervisor, teacher, peer, or subordinate?" would be used in which type of interview situation? A. unstructured interview B. situational interview C. behavioral-description interview D. compatibility test E. personality test

C. behavioral-description interview

Ensuring that employees follow instructions fully and completely in order to meet performance goals is the purpose of which one of the following management functions? A. lead B. motivate C. control D. organize E. plan

C. control

Employees resist change for all the following reasons except A. individuals' low predisposition toward change. B. fear of the unknown or failure. C. faith in change agent's intentions. D. peer pressure. E. disruption of group relationships

C. faith in change agent's intentions.

When one department store authorized thousands of its sales clerks to handle functions normally reserved for store managers, such as handling merchandise-return problems and approving customers' checks, they gave them more responsibility. Building motivational factors into a job, such as increased responsibility, is a _________ technique. A. job enlargement B. job simplification C. job enrichment D. job significance E. job productivity

C. job enrichment

____________ is(are) defined as those stable psychological and behavioral attributes that give you your identity. A. attitude B. behavior C. personality D. character E. values

C. personality

__________ is power that results from a manager's authority to provide desirable outcomes to his or her subordinates. Such outcomes can range from praise to pay raises, from recognition to promotions. A. Expert power B. Legitimate power C. Reward power D. Coercive power E. Referent power

C. reward power

Marcie frequently requests meetings between her team and counterparts in Portland. She often spots issues that will affect both groups and wants to work openly on coordination so there are no surprises for anyone. Marcie is performing a ______ role for her team. A. maintenance B. leadership C. task D. cohesiveness E. relationship

C. task

All of the following are contextual factors in the integrated model of motivation except a. organizational culture b. rewards and reinforcement c. group norms d. core self-evaluations e. leader behavior

D. Core Self-Evaluations

15. ______ proposed people were driven by the three innate needs of competence, autonomy, and relatedness. a. McGregor's Theory X/Theory Y b. Herzberg's two-factory theory c. McClelland's acquired needs theory d. Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory e. Expectancy theory

D. Deci and Ryan's self-determination theory

30. People are often motivated to do volunteer work for the ______ rewards. a. Extrinsic b. Valence c. Gainsharing d. Intrinsic e. Job enrichment

D. Intrinsic

Which of the following is a good tip for being an effective writer? A. Write in all capital letters. B. Use abbreviations whenever possible. C. Write and send e-mails without proofreading—everybody is busy. D. Keep it simple; use short words, sentences, and phrases. E. Include as many words on a page as possible to reduce the number of pages.

D. Keep it simple; use short words, sentences, and phrases.

Applications, résumés, interviews, and employment tests are tools that are used in the ______ process. a. Investigation b. Sorting c. Recruitment d. Selection e. Performance

D. Selection

14. ______ leadership encourages employees to pursue organizational goals over self-interests. a. Laissez-faire b. Service c. Shared d. Transformational e. Transactional

D. Transformational

29. In the ______ stage of Kurt Lewin's change model, managers try to instill in employees the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of behaviors that are resistant to innovation. a. Diagnosing b. Freezing c. Modeling d. Unfreezing e. Refreezing

D. Unfreezing

When two newly hired employees compared notes, they found that their job interviews had been quite different. Each interview was long and involved, but the content of the questions they were asked was different and varied based on their previous employment and education. They determined that the company that hired them must have used a(n) ______ interview process. a. Structured b. Situational c. Behavioral-description d. Unstructured e. Standardized

D. Unstructured

A __________ is a consultant with a background in behavioral sciences who can be a catalyst in helping organizations deal with old problems in new ways. A. modification expert B. development consultant C. transformation consultant D. change agent E. conversion specialist

D. change agent

According to the integrated model, motivation is affected by both personal factors and ________ ones. A. incentive B. historic C. subconscious D. contextual E. irrational

D. contextual

The six areas of organizational control include _____, physical, informational, financial, structural, and cultural. A.governmental B. categorical C. material D. human E. functional

D. human

Applications, résumés, interviews, and employment tests are tools that are used in the ______ process. A. investigation B. sorting C. recruitment D. selection E. performance

D. selection

A collection of five employees who are studying industry pay scales, with the common performance goal of making recommendations for adjusting pay grades within their company, is known as a(n) A. group. B. association. C. informal union D. team. E. informal organization.

D. team

In the ______ stage of Kurt Lewin's change model, managers try to instill in employees the motivation to change, encouraging them to let go of behaviors that are resistant to innovation. A. diagnosing B. freezing C. modeling D. unfreezing E. refreezing

D. unfreezing

Which of the following is incorrect about the leader-member exchange (LMX) model of leadership? A. The LMX model emphasizes that leaders have different sorts of relationships with different subordinates. B. The quality of the relationship between managers and subordinates is related to turnover. C. The LMX model assumes each manager-subordinate relationship is unique. D. The LMX model looks at the quality of relationships between managers and subordinates. E. The LMX focuses only on the behaviors or traits of leaders.

E. The LMX focuses only on the behaviors or traits of leaders.

______ consists of the activities that managers perform to plan for, attract, develop, and retain an effective workforce. A. arbitration B. formal appraisal C. human capital D. orientation E. human resource management

E. human resource management

______ leaders focus on providing increased service to others—meeting the goals of both followers and the organization—rather than to themselves. A. transactional B. LMX C. shared D. support E. servant

E. servant

_________ is the trait of emotional intelligence (EI) that includes empathy, showing others that you care, and organizational intuition, so you keenly understand how your emotions and actions affect others. A. self-awareness B. self-monitoring C. relationship management D. self-management E. social awareness

E. social awareness

According to Tuckman's five-stage model of group and team development, what is the second stage in the process? A. adjourning B. norming C. forming D. performing E. storming

E. storming

3. Team composition reflects the collection of jobs, personalities, values, knowledge, experience, and skills of team members. a. Evaluating b. Consideration c. Empowering leadership d. Ethical leadership e. Servant leadership

Evaluating

"Adaptive change" is the introduction of a practice that is new to the organization. True or False

False

10. The result of too much conflict in the workplace is usually indolence. a. True b. False

False

13. Dissemination is the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another. a. True b. False

False

6. Authority is the extent to which a person is able to influence others so they respond to orders. a. True b. False

False

9. Productivity is the process of monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and taking corrective action. a. True b. False

False

A "product innovation" is a change in the way a product or service is conceived, manufactured, or disseminated. True or False

False

Consider the "Big Five" personality dimensions. A person's emotional stability refers to how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded he or she is. True or False

False

Consider the "Big Five" personality dimensions. A person's emotional stability refers to how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded he or she is. a. True b. False

False

Dissemination is the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another. True or False

False

Encoding means interpreting and trying to make sense of a message. True or False

False

Fiedler's contingency leadership model argues that leadership behaviors should be determined by position power only. True or False

False

For Megan's end-of-year performance appraisal, her supervisor solicited feedback from three of Megan's coworkers, the manager of the customer-service department, several of Megan's clients, and even a few employees in other departments with whom she worked recently. Megan's performance appraisal is an example of an employee survey. a. True b. False

False

In the process of arbitration, a neutral third party (called an arbitrator), listens to both sides in a dispute, makes suggestions, and encourages them to agree on a solution. True or False

False

Innovation happens in a "Eureka!" moment and it can be systematized. True or False

False

Leadership is the ability to marshal human, informational, and other resources to get something done. True or False

False

OD intervention strategies that are successful in one country are highly likely to be successfully applied in other countries. True or False

False

The primary purpose of relationship-oriented leadership behavior is to ensure that people, equipment, and other resources are used in an efficient way to accomplish the mission of a group or organization. True or False

False

The process of interpreting and understanding one's environment is the definition of "thought." True False

False

The unofficial communication system of the informal organization, a system of gossip and rumor, is known as jargon. True or False

False

When a company improves the packaging of its product, it is introducing a radically innovative change. True or False

False

7. __________ is the last step in the control process. a. Take corrective action if necessary b. Establish standards c. Determine the problem d. Measure the performance e. Develop an ideal

Take corrective action if necessary

Nonverbal language and other subtleties can be easily lost in an e-mail, so jokes may be perceived by the recipient as insults or criticism. True or False

True

One violation of privacy is identity theft, a downside of the digital age. True or False

True

1. Nonverbal language and other subtleties can be easily lost in an e-mail, so jokes may be perceived by the recipient as insults or criticism. a. True b. False

True

12. External communication flows between people inside and outside the organization, including stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, shareholders, or other owners, and so on. a. True b. False

True

14. In sexual harassment, the harasser may be an outsider, coworker, supervisor, or someone of the same sex. a. True b. False

True

15. The income statement summarizes an organization's financial results, its revenues and expenses, over a specified period of time such as a quarter or a year. a. True b. False

True

2. Team composition reflects the collection of jobs, personalities, values, knowledge, experience, and skills of team members. a. True b. False

True

5. Conflict is a perfectly normal state of affairs. a. True b. False

True

8. Communication is a process consisting of "a sender transmitting a message through media to a receiver who responds." a. True b. False

True

9. Consider the "Big Five" personality dimensions. A person who scores high on the conscientiousness dimension is typically dependable, persistent, and oriented toward achievement. a. True b. False

True

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, taking a sabbatical leave to further personal growth is an example of the self-actualization need. True or False

True

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, taking a sabbatical leave to further personal growth is an example of the self-actualization need. a. True b. False

True

According to the acquired needs theory, those who tend to seek social approval and satisfying personal relationships may have a high need for affiliation. True or False

True

According to the acquired needs theory, those who tend to seek social approval and satisfying personal relationships may have a high need for affiliation. a. True b. False

True

Autonomy describes the extent to which a job allows an employee to make choices about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them. True or False

True

Because people with an internal locus of control seem to have a greater belief that their actions have a direct effect on the consequences of that action, they likely would prefer and respond more productively to incentives such as merit pay or sales commissions. True or False

True

Benefits account for about one-third of compensation costs. a. True b. False

True

Consider the "Big Five" personality dimensions. A person who scores high on the conscientiousness dimension is typically dependable, persistent, and oriented toward achievement. True or False

True

Disruptive innovation is a process by which a product or service takes root initially in simple applications at the bottom of a market and then relentlessly moves up market, eventually displacing established competitors. a. True b. False

True

External communication flows between people inside and outside the organization, including stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, shareholders, or other owners, and so on. True or False

True

If you start a new job and find the job description and criteria for promotion to be vague, role ambiguity has occurred. True or False

True

In sexual harassment, the harasser may be an outsider, coworker, supervisor, or someone of the same sex. True or False

True

Low self-efficacy is associated with learned helplessness, the debilitating lack of faith in one's ability to control one's environment. True or False

True

Because Franco believes that external forces control him, he may do best in a highly structured job that requires greater compliance. Franco has a. an external locus of control b. low self-monitoring c. high self-efficacy d. low self-esteem e. high self-esteem

a. an external locus of control

4. Which of the following is an example of downward communication? a. Reports of progress on current projects b. Reports of unsolved problems requiring help from people higher up c. Suggestions for process improvements d. A manager's feedback about a subordinate's performance e. Reports on employee attitudes and efficiency

d. A manager's feedback about a subordinate's performance