MGT 306 chapter 5

Which of the following best describes the purpose of search engine optimization?

Ensuring that a website is one of the top results of a web search

What is the difference between search engine optimization and HTML code?

HTML code is a language used in the process of search engine optimization.

If you want to achieve contrast, repetition, alignment, or proximity in a document, you should focus on the ______.

text layout

Three-dimensional visuals are most effective when ______.

there are three or more variables in a data set

Why might two fonts with the same point size appear to be different sizes?

Sans serif fonts tend to look larger than serif fonts.

Serif type and sans serif type are examples of different kinds of ______.

fonts

The primary purpose of clip art is to ______.

help the reader understand the content of a message

Which of the following is a type of visual that indicates a command, action, or concept?

icon

The recommended form of organization for online content is a(n) ______.

inverted pyramid

The phrase "the ideal document is framed like a picture" describes the appropriate use of ______.

margins

To increase readability in printed documents, which of the following fonts should you use?

serif

The look of a type, such as bold or italic letters, is known as its ______.

style

An orderly arrangement of information in rows and columns is known as a ______.

table

A portrait orientation is most appropriate for visuals that are ______.

tall

What is the distinguishing characteristic of a serif font?

The presence of tails and feet

Which of the following is a traditional font for business documents?

arial

Which of the following visual elements should be tested with an audience before being used in a cross-cultural presentation?

background images

When organizing online text, writers should ______.

begin with the main point

In cases where a visual requires both a caption and a footnote, the footnote should be placed ______.

below both the visual and the caption

A series of points set off by small dots is known as a(n) ______ list.

bulleted

A brief description of a visual intended to help the reader understand the data is known as a(n) ______.

caption

Using two serif fonts on the same page will likely ______.

cause the fonts to compete with each other

A chart in which the quantities of various items are indicated by vertical lines arranged on a grid is called a ______.

column chart

A chart illustrating the relationship between several different types of data, such as the number of cars sold, the average price of new cars, and fluctuations in household incomes over a 10-year period, is called a ______.

combination chart

Which of the following factors determine the appropriate size of a visual? (Choose every correct answer.)

contents and importance

Using a light text on a dark background is an example of ______.

contrast

A complicated description or explanation can be simplified through the use of a(n) ______.

diagram

Rules are most useful for

distinguishing between different elements in a single visual

Which of the following refers to the amount of white space on a page?

external spacing

True or false: All visuals communicate through visual elements, such as charts and graphs.

false

True or false: Backgrounds should be the same color as the surrounding text or data.

false

True or false: In online documents, serif fonts are usually easier read.

false

True or false: visual elements are much less effective at communicating a message than written or spoken words.

false

A special explanation or elaboration of an illustration that is indicated by a superscript number or symbol is known as a ______.

footnote

One way to make a site more accessible for visually impaired visitors is to ______.

include audio files as well as text

A grid layout is most useful when the document ______.

includes both text and visuals

In order to exaggerate the rate of sales growth during his tenure as sales manager, Steve compresses the X-axis on his line chart and stretches the Y-axis until the trend line points sharply upward. Which of the following graphing errors has Steve committed?

scale distortion

A chart in which paired values are plotted on X- and Y-axes without a connecting line is called a ______.

scatter diagram

According to the proximity principle, visual elements that are dissimilar should be ______.

separated by space or other means

The most appropriate visual for illustrating complex data across a geographic area is a ______.

statistical map

A presentation featuring many visual types may be divided into ______ for numbering purposes.

tables and figures

You are writing a formal letter to a conservative business client. Which font would be the safest choice?

times new roman

The name given to a visual is known as the visual's ______.

title

True or false: Understanding who is visiting your website can help you make decisions about style and content.

true

True or false: Websites are generally required by law to make their content accessible to visitors with disabilities.

true

True or false: White space increases the readability of documents.

true

One difference between print and online texts is that online texts are often ______.

viewed on small screens

Delivering a message through the use of charts, diagrams, and other illustrations is known as ______.

visual rhetoric

In a line chart, quantity changes should be charted on the ______.

y axis

Which of the following is a primary color?

yellow

When considering using visuals, your planning should largely be guided by ______.

your business and communication goals

What is the standard margin on a business document?

1 in.

Which of the following types of visuals would require a landscape orientation? (Choose every correct answer.)

A table with many columns A bar chart covering a wide time frame

Pull quotes are useful for which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.)

Breaking up visual uniformity Displaying information that does not lend itself to charts or tables Emphasizing key points in the text

Which of the following visual elements should be numbered?

Charts, maps, or graphs in a document with multiple visuals

Which of the following are best suited for comparing qualities or comparing quantities? (Choose every correct answer.)

Column charts Bar charts

Which of the following elements appear in a table? (Choose every correct answer.)

Columns Heads Rows

Which of the following are objectives for which a statistical map would be a good choice? (Choose every correct answer.)

Comparing average income levels across the United States Analyzing differences in the poverty rates of different counties in a state

Which of the following are the most suited for using visuals? (Choose every correct answer.)

Complex information Difficult information Facts

Why is alignment an important element of document design?

It makes your page design appear deliberate.

How are visuals used in an increasingly media-rich society? (Choose every correct answer.)

Millions of people access visual information each day on sites such as Flickr and YouTube. Visual literacy allows people to communicate effectively. Visual literacy helps people to communicate efficiently.

Which of the following actions need to be taken to use a photo protected by copyright? (Choose every correct answer.)

Obtain permission from the copyright holder to use the image Cite the source of the photo

Which of the following are recommendations for creating a useful and easy-to-read pictograph? (Choose every correct answer.)

Pictures should be related to the information being illustrated. All pictures units should be equal in size.

Which of the following are examples of textual visuals? (Choose every correct answer.)

Process charts Tables Pull quotes

Which of the following is the main assumption behind the Z-pattern for page layout?

That the eye moves across the top and bottom of documents and diagonally in between

Which of the following are potential dangers of using clip art? (Choose every correct answer.)

The image may distract or confuse readers. The image may be inappropriate or offensive to certain audiences. The image may be protected by copyright.

Which of the following is a good guideline for choosing fonts?

It is best to limit yourself to no more than two fonts per document.

What are characteristics of a serif font? (Choose every correct answer.)

It makes the breaks between words more obvious in printed text. It has letters that appear connected to each other. It has tails and feet.

Using consistent formatting for headings in a report is an example of ______.

repetition

A visual that is stretched excessively on either its X- or Y-axis suffers from ______.

scale distortion

Which of the following are improved by the use of color or cross-hatching in a visual? (Choose every correct answer.)

Attractiveness Comprehension Retention

Which of the following design guidelines applies only to digital texts?

Avoid underlining

How is the point size of a font determined?

By the height of the letter x

Which of the following are particularly helpful in comparing and distinguishing data in a visual? (Choose every correct answer.)

Cross-hatching Color

Which of the following should usually be placed below visuals? (Choose every correct answer.)

Descriptions Footnotes Sources

In choosing colors for a business document, which of the following should be among your first considerations?

Does my company style guide define or limit my choices?

You just opened a new webpage, skimmed the text across the top of the webpage twice, and then read vertically down the left side of the page. What method did you use?

F-pattern

Which of the following visuals help readers to decide the next step in a process? (Choose every correct answer.)

Flow charts Decision trees

How would you accurately describe organizational charts, flowcharts, and decision trees? (choose every correct answer.)

Flowcharts use designs and symbols to convey information. A decision tree can be a variation of a flowchart. A flowchart shows the steps in a process.

Which method of laying out text divides a document into a grid, or quadrants (quarter-sections)?

Gutenberg diagram

Which of the following are accomplished by a good layout?

Readers can understand the message. Readers can easily find the main points.

Which statement describes a design consideration that applies only to digital texts?

Readers may see documents in a variety of sizes.

You are designing a brochure for customers in Japan. Which of the following will help you convey your meaning?

Researching the significance of colors in Japanese culture

Which of the following is the ideal method for arranging slices in a pie chart?

Starting at 12 o'clock, arrange the slices clockwise from largest to smallest.

Natasha passed out copies of her report and began reviewing the pie chart that showed how expenses were allocated to different categories. Several attendees spoke out that they could not tell the difference between the colors of each segment on the chart and one said he was color blind. What could Natasha have done to prevent this problem?

Shade segments with different colors in different ways

What is the main use of combination charts?

Showing relationships among different types of data

Why are readers of online material said to follow an F-pattern of reading?

They generally skim the text across the top of a webpage twice and then read vertically down the left side of the page.

What is the main purpose of using repetition in document design?

To help readers navigate your document

Which of the following best describes the design purpose of a grid?

To help with placing elements

How do images and text convey information?

Visuals can be mentally processed more quickly than text.

A series of data points on a scatter diagram that are tightly clustered in a straight line indicate ______.

a strong relationship between the values on the X- and Y-axes

In most cases, titles should be placed ______ visuals.

above

Placing elements on the page in a way that appears intentional is known as ______.

alignment

Which of the following is a basic principle of document design?

alignment

Carlos has designed a flier to announce a staff softball team. When he prints it, he notices that the document looks cluttered and confusing, with too much text and too little white space. Carlos should review the guidelines for ______.

alignment and contrast

Visuals that are ______ may require a full page, appendix, or attachment.

large and complex

The most appropriate visual for showing trends or changes over time is the ______.

line chart

Contrast means using visual elements to ______.

make information more legible

In most cases, the best place for a visual is ______.

near the place where it is discussed

A photograph that is in the public domain is ______.

not restricted for use under copyright law

A series of steps that must be performed sequentially would best be displayed in a(n) ______.

numbered list

A border should always be added to a visual when it ______.

occupies less than a full page

A full-page visual that is discussed in the text should be placed ______.

on the page following the first reference to the information it covers

A company that wants to clarify the hierarchy of positions within the business should use a(n) ______.

organizational chart

A bar chart made up of icons of the items being compared is known as a ______.

pictograph

A chart in which the whole is represented by a circle and each subdivision is represented by a proportionately sized wedge is known as a ______.

pie chart

The colors from which all other colors originate are known as ______.

primary colors

The idea that similar elements should be placed together is known as ______.

proximity

A key phrase or sentence that is offset from the regular text through larger font sizes and different colors or typefaces is called a ______.

pull quote

Color is used in business documents to ensure contrast and ______.

repetition