MGT 522 Exam 1

Each year organizations with a minimum of _____ employees must file an EEO-1 report with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

100

Occupational Safety and Health Act requires employers to keep records of deaths, injuries, and illnesses if they have _____ or more full-time or part-time employees.

11

Individuals who feel they have been discriminated against must file a complaint with the EEOC or a similar state agency within _____ days of the incident.

180

Refer to the following hypothetical transitional matrix for an auto parts manufacturer. How many credits specialists employed in 2001 were promoted to the category of loan officers in 2004?

20%

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 prohibits discrimination against employees over the age of _____.

40

Refer to the following hypothetical transitional matrix for an auto parts manufacturer. How many of the total assistant managers employed in 2001 were promoted to the managerial position in 2004?

5%

After the EEOC has taken responsibility for investigating the claim of discrimination, the complainant must give the EEOC _____ days to investigate the complaint.

60

What term refers to the reduced attentive state that one might experience when simultaneously interacting with multiple media?

Absence presence

Which of the following dimensions of HRM practices is associated with training employees to have the skills needed to perform their jobs?

Acquiring and preparing human resources

Which is the level of integration at which the human resource management engages in day-to-day activities unrelated to the company's core business needs?

Administrative linkage

Which is the lowest level of integration between the human resource management function and the strategic management function?

Administrative linkage

_____ forecast and monitor the proportion of various protected group members, such as women and minorities, that are in various job categories and career tracks.

Affirmative action plans

The ProMES system is most relevant to what part of work-flow analysis?

Analyzing work outputs

Which of the following is most likely to lead to a successful downsizing?

Avoiding indiscriminant reductions

A(n) _____ is a story of how a firm will create value for its customers and how it will do so profitably.

Business Model

Which of the following is a drawback of the functional structure?

Cascading effect of errors

Refer to the following hypothetical transitional matrix for an auto parts manufacturer. Employees of which of the following job categories were not promoted at all in 2004?

Clerical

Which of the following HRM practices, supporting high-performance work systems, is associated with rewarding employees on team-based performance?

Compensation

____ refers to a company's ability to maintain and gain market share in its industry.

Competitiveness

Which of the following is considered to be a disability under the Americans with Disabilities Act?

Cosmetic disfigurement

Which of the following cultural diversity arguments states that diversity of perspectives and less emphasis on conformity to norms of the past should improve the level of resourcefulness and inventiveness?

Creativity argument

Refer to the following hypothetical transitional matrix for an auto parts manufacturer. In which of the following job categories were there demotions?

Credit specialist

Refer to the following hypothetical transitional matrix for an auto parts manufacturer. Which of the following job categories saw the highest percent of its employees get promoted in 2004?

Credit specialists

Which of the following is true about outcomes when the core job characteristics are high?

Critical psychological states are high

Which of the following is one of the four ethical principles of a successful company?

Customer, client, and vendor relationships emphasize mutual benefits.

Which of the following is the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs' most potent weapon and the last penalty?

Debarment

Which of the following options for reducing an expected labor surplus is a faster option but results in high human suffering?

Demotions

The Occupational Safety and Health Act assigned the responsibility for inspecting employers, applying the standards, and levying fines to the _____.

Department of Labor

_____ refers to the degree to which work units are grouped based on functional similarity or similarity of work flow.

Departmentalization

Which of the following corresponds to a technological competitive challenge that influences a U.S company?

Developing e-commerce

_____ involves acquiring knowledge, skills, and behavior that improve employees' ability to meet the challenges of a variety of existing or new jobs.

Development

Which of the following is true about an organizational designer?

Develops talent and designs reward systems

Which of the following methods is no longer used for analyzing jobs today?

Dictionary of Occupational Titles

Apple is known for using a unique operating system that integrates well with peripheral devices such as iPod and iPhone. What kind of a strategy is Apple using?

Differentiation

_____ are people who apply for a vacancy without prompting from the organization.

Direct applicants

_____ occurs when a facially neutral employment practice disproportionately excludes a protected group from employment opportunities.

Disparate impact

_____ exists when individuals in similar situations are treated differently and the different treatment is based on the individual's race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or disability status.

Disparate treatment

In managing cultural diversity, which of the following would improve the level of creativity thereby providing competitive advantage to an organization?

Diversity of perspectives and less emphasis on conformity to norms of the past

Which of the following is a strategy made up of retrenchment and liquidation?

Divestment strategy

Self-cannibalization is a concern of which one of the following structures?

Divisional

Which of the following structures helps support organizations that compete on differentiation?

Divisional

Which of the following structures can detect and exploit opportunities in their respective consumer base faster?

Divisional structure

Which of the following structures combines a work-flow departmentalization scheme with relatively low levels of centralization?

Divisional structure

_____ is the planned elimination of large numbers of personnel designed to enhance organizational effectiveness.

Downsizing

Which of the following statements is true about downsizing?

Downsizing efforts often fail because employees who survive the purges often become narrow-minded, self-absorbed, and risk-averse.

Which of the following options for reducing an expected labor surplus is a slower option and is low on human suffering?

Early retirement

Which of the following HR responsibilities include attitude surveys, publications, labor law compliance, and discipline?

Employee and community relations

Which of the following cultural diversity arguments states that companies with the best reputations for managing diversity will win the competition for the best personnel?

Employee attraction and retention argument

_____ refers to the degree to which employees are fully involved in their work and the strength of their job and company commitment.

Employee engagement

Which of the following HR responsibilities include employee assistance programs and helps employee with relocation and outplacement?

Employee services

The Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is enforced by the _____.

Employment Standards Administration of the Department of Labor

Which of the following agencies is responsible for enforcing the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and the Equal Pay Act?

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Which of the following is responsible for enforcing the Age Discrimination in Employment Act?

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

A woman and a man are both performing the job of executive assistant. They have similar experience and their productivity levels are comparable. However, the woman's salary is $2,000 less than the man. Which of the following legislations will be most helpful to the women if she has to file a lawsuit against this discrimination?

Equal Pay Act

Which of the following areas of the legal environment has influenced HRM practices over the past 25 years?

Equal employment opportunity

Which of the following is concerned with examining the interface between individuals' physiological characteristics and the physical work environment?

Ergonomics

Which of the following directives is issued by the President?

Executive order

Which of the following legislations prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin?

Executive order 11246

Which of the following examines the organization's operating environment to identify the strategic opportunities and threats?

External analysis

What type of strategy attempts to expand a company's resources or to strengthen its market position through acquiring or creating new businesses?

External growth strategy

Which of the following is true about a cultural steward?

Facilitates change

The Equal Pay Act is an amendment to the:

Fair Labor Standards Act

Which of the following amendments states that all individuals are entitled to equal protection under the law?

Fifth Amendment

Which of the following is in accord with the goal of recruitment?

Fill vacancies such that the objective of recruitment is met with

_____ costs are incurred regardless of the number of units produced.

Fixed

Which of the following statements is true of disparate treatment and disparate impact?

For there to be discrimination under disparate treatment, there has to be intentional discrimination

Which of the following rules states that an employment test has disparate impact if the hiring rate for a minority group is less than a certain percent of the hiring rate for the majority group?

Four-fifths rule

Which of the following amendments forbids the states from taking life, liberty, or property without due process of law and prevents the states from denying equal protection of the laws?

Fourteenth Amendment

Which of the following amendments is called the equal protection clause?

Fourteenth Amendment

Which of the following structures are most appropriate when demands for resources can be well anticipated?

Functional

Which of the following structures can result in employees having a weak conceptualization of the organization's overall mission?

Functional structure

Which of the following is true about global marketing?

Globalization is not limited to a particular sector of the economy.

An organization's _____ is what it hopes to achieve in the medium- to long-term future and it reflects how an organization's reason for being is operationalized.

Goal

A software company is seeking to address a projected labor shortage by selecting from a number of possible options aimed at redressing the pending labor shortage. In which of the following steps of the human resource planning process does this occur?

Goal setting and strategic planning

_____ is calculated as the number of units sold times the contribution margin.

Gross Margin

A(n) _____ is a series of indicators or metrics that managers and employees have access to on the company intranet or human resource information system.

HR dashboard

Which of the following disadvantages does an older workforce pose for employers?

Higher seniority, high medical costs, and higher pension contributions mean older workers are costlier than younger workers

Which of the following is considered a subtle and possibly pervasive form of sexual harassment?

Hostile working environment

Which of the following is said to exist when someone's behavior in the workplace creates an atmosphere that makes it difficult for someone of a particular sex to work?

Hostile working environment

According to the financial perspective of the balanced scorecard, which of the following questions should be answered?

How do we look to shareholders?

_____ refers to the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees' behavior, attitudes, and performance.

Human resource management

_____ is the practice or activity carried on by the organization with the primary purpose of identifying and attracting potential employees.

Human resource recruitment

Which of the following is true regarding differentiation strategy?

If a company succeeds in this strategy, it achieves above-average returns

Which of the following is true about an operational executor?

Implements workplace policies conducive to work environment

Which of the following best explains why older people approaching retirement age have no intention of retiring?

Improved health of older people in general in combination with the decreased physical labor in many jobs has made working longer a viable option

As a manager, you decide to design a job based on the principles of the motivational approach. Based on existing research, which of the following outcomes should you least expect?

Increased efficiency of production

As a manager, you decide to design a job based on the principles of the mechanistic approach. Based on existing research, which of the following outcomes should you least expect?

Increased job satisfaction

Which of the following sources of job analysis information would provide accurate information regarding the time spent on various tasks?

Incumbents

Which of the following is true regarding intended and emergent strategies?

Intended strategies are the result of the rational decision-making process used by top managers as they develop a strategic plan

Which of the following attempts to identify the organization's strengths and weaknesses?

Internal analysis

_____ focuses on the quantity and quality of resources available to the organization.

Internal analysis

Which of the following is true about job designs emphasizing the motivational approach?

Interventions emphasizing motivational approach may have dramatic effects on employee motivation

Which of the following is true about administrative services and transactions?

It deals with practices like compensation, hiring, and staffing.

Which of the following is an advantage of relying on internal recruitment sources?

It generates a sample of applicants who are well known to the firm

Which of following is true about lean thinking?

It is a way to do more with less effort, time, equipment, and space.

Which of the following is a challenge of downsizing?

It is difficult to boost the morale of employees who remain after downsizing

Which of the following is true about job analysis and line managers?

It is the managers' responsibility to ensure that each individual is performing satisfactorily

Which of the following is true about social networking?

It may result in employees wasting time

Which of the following is true of one-way linkage?

It precludes the company from considering human resource issues while formulating the strategic plan

Which of the following is true about O * NET?

It uses a common language that generalizes across jobs to describe the abilities, work styles, work activities, and work context required for various occupations.

Which of the following is true about the balanced scorecard?

It uses indicators important to the company's strategy.

_____ focuses on analyzing existing jobs to gather information for other human resource management practices.

Job analysis

Which of the following refers to a list of the tasks, duties, and responsibilities that a job entails?

Job description

Which of the following addresses what tasks should be grouped into a particular job?

Job design

Which of the following refers to the process of defining the way work will be performed and the tasks that will be required in a given job?

Job design

Which of the following statements is true about job design and job analysis?

Job design and job analysis have extensive overlap

Which term refers to changing the tasks or the way work is performed in an existing job?

Job redesign

Which of the following refers to the knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics that an individual must have to perform the job?

Job specification

The way senior executives create and sustain vision, values, and mission: promote legal and ethical behavior, is the definition for which Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award criterion?

Leadership

A _____ workforce describes the former workers to whom a firm still owes financial obligations.

Legacy

Which of the following dimensions of HRM practices ensures that HRM practices comply with federal, state, and local laws?

Managing the human resource environment

Which of the following is a negative effect of downsizing?

Many downsizing campaigns let go of people who turn out to be irreplaceable assets

The difference between what a firm charges for a product and the variable costs of that product is known as:

Margin

Which one of the following is an internal growth strategy?

Market development

As a manager, you want to redesign a job to ensure that incumbents have fewer physical ailments, such as backaches and so on. Which job design approach would be most helpful to you?

Mechanistic approach

Which of the following approaches to job design entails performing time-and-motion studies?

Mechanistic approach

Which of the following approaches to job design focuses on efficiency as the major outcome of interest?

Mechanistic approach

Which of the following refers to the reasoning, decision making, planning, and information processing activities that are involved in performing the job?

Mental process

_____ is a statement of the organization's reason for being that usually specifies the customers served, the needs satisfied and/or the values received by the customers, and the technology used.

Mission

As a manager, you want to redesign a job because your most recent attitude survey indicated that individuals were very bored with the monotony of their jobs. Which job design approach would be most helpful to you?

Motivational approach

Which of the following approaches to job design focuses on job satisfaction as the major outcome of interest?

Motivational approach

Which of the following approaches to job design has its roots in the organizational psychology and management literatures?

Motivational approach

Is the argument that "call center" staffing is the only type of work being offshored valid?

No, because figures have shown that countries like China and India, and those in Eastern Europe try to the climb the skill ladder of available work

The employees of a company suspect that there are dangerous substances stored at the workplace and request for an inspection. Which of the following acts gives them the right to do so?

Occupational Safety and Health Act

Executive order 11246 is enforced by the:

Office of Federal Contract Compliance Procedures

Which of the following is the agency responsible for enforcing the executive orders that cover companies doing business with the federal government?

Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs

Which of the following levels of integration often leads to strategic plans that the company cannot successfully implement?

One-way linkage

_____ provides a cross-sectional overview of the static relationships between individuals and units that create the outputs.

Organizational structure

Which of the following statements is true about the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002?

Organizations are spending millions of dollars each year by complying with regulations under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Which of the following is true about outsourcing?

Outsourcing is a logical choice when a firm simply does not have certain expertise and is not willing to invest time and effort into developing it

Which of the following approaches to job design has roots in human-factors literature?

Perceptual-motor approach

Which of the following HRM practices, supporting high-performance work systems, is associated with employees receiving feedback?

Performance management

____ is used to ensure that employees' activities and outcomes are congruent with the organization's objectives.

Performance management

Which of the following influence both the nature of the vacancies and the nature of the people applying for jobs in a way that shapes job choice decisions?

Personnel policies

Which of the following corresponds to a sustainability competitive challenge that influences a U.S company?

Placing increased value on human capital

Which of the following corresponds to a global competitive challenge that influences a U.S company?

Preparing employees to work in foreign locations

he _____ has the power to veto any law passed by Congress.

President

Which of the following cultural diversity arguments states that heterogeneity potentially produces better decisions through a wider range of perspectives?

Problem-solving argument

_____ refers to what is left after a firm pays its variable costs and fixed costs.

Profit

Which of the following actions is most likely to enable organizations to increase the impact that recruiters have on those they recruit?

Providing timely feedback

Which of the following situations is said to occur when some kind of benefit (or punishment) is made contingent on the employee's submitting (or not submitting) to sexual advances?

Quid pro quo

Which of the following refers to an organization's efforts to make usable facilities readily accessible to individuals with disabilities?

Reasonable accommodation

Which of the following is true about a strategic architect?

Recognizes business trends and their impact on the business

_____ is the process through which the organization seeks applicants for potential employment.

Recruitment

_____ are people who are prompted to apply by someone within the organization.

Referrals

Which of the following is a psychological state associated with the Job Characteristics Model?

Responsibility

____ is an option for avoiding an expected labor shortage that is slow and has high revocability.

Retrained transfers

Which of the following is a document issued by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission to an alleged victim to certify that it has investigated and found validity in the victim's allegations against an organization?

Right to sue

External analysis and internal analysis combined constitute the _____.

SWOT analysis

Which of the following analyses gives the strategic planning team all the information it needs to generate a number of strategic alternatives?

SWOT analysis

Which legislation act sets new strict rules for business especially as regards accounting practices?

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Which of the following is true about offshoring?

Small overseas upstarts often promise more than they can deliver

The _____ requires that everyone receiving unemployment compensation be registered with a local state employment office.

Social Security Act of 1935

Which of the following is true about temporary workers?

Some full-time employees perceive the temporary help as a threat to their own job security

Which of the following is true about team-based job design?

Some members lean too much on other team members

Which of the following HRM practices, supporting high-performance work systems, is associated with employees participating in peer interviews?

Staffing

Which of the following analyses uses the difference between the expected representation for minority groups and the actual representation to determine whether the difference between these two values is greater than would occur by chance?

Standard deviation rule

_____ can be thought of as managing the pattern or plan that integrates an organization's major goals, policies, and action sequences into a cohesive whole.

Strategic Management

Which of the following describes the different ways the organization will attempt to fulfill its mission and achieve its long-term goals?

Strategic choice

_____ is a pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable an organization to achieve its goals.

Strategic human resource management

Which of the following HR responsibilities include international human resources, forecasting, planning, and mergers and acquisitions?

Strategic planning

_____ is defined as the skillful employment and coordination of tactics.

Strategy

_____ consists of structuring the organization, allocating resources, ensuring that the firm has skilled employees in place, and developing reward systems that align employee behavior with the organization's strategic goals.

Strategy implementation

Which of the following sources of job analysis information would provide accurate information regarding the importance of various tasks?

Supervisors

Which of the following serves as the court of final appeal?

Supreme Court

_____ refers to the ability of a company to survive and succeed in a dynamic competitive environment.

Sustainability

Which of the following cultural diversity arguments states that reactions should be faster and cost less?

System flexibility argument

_____ refers to a systematic planned strategic effort by a company to attract, retain, develop, and motivate highly skilled employees and managers.

Talent management

Which of the following options for avoiding an expected labor shortage is a slow solution and has low revocability?

Technological innovation

Which of the following is an example of a physical resource that a company uses to compete with other companies?

Technology

Which of the following options for avoiding an expected labor shortage has the benefit of being a fast solution with high revocability?

Temporary employees

Which of the following statements is true about the biological approach to job design?

The goal of this approach is to minimize physical strain on the worker.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of employing temporary workers as a means of eliminating a labor shortage?

The level of commitment to the organization and its clients that temporary workers bring with them does not always match that of the organization itself

Which of the following statements is true about the composition of the U.S. labor force in the next decade?

The number of baby boom workers will increase faster than any other age group.

Which one of the following is true about the Six Sigma process?

The process involves measuring, analyzing, improving, and controlling processes.

Which of the following is the biggest downside for large job sites?

The sheer size and lack of differentiation is threatening to make job sites obsolete

Which of the following statements is true of two-way linkages?

The strategic planning function and the HRM function are interdependent.

Which of the following is true regarding companies that are not diversified?

They have evaluation systems that call for subjective performance assessments of managers.

Which of the following is an advantage of statistical forecasting methods?

They provide predictions that are much more precise than judgmental methods.

Which of the following statements is true about the Generation X?

They tend to be pragmatic, cynical, and have well-developed self-management skills.

Which of the following is true about baby boomers?

They value unexpected rewards for work accomplishments, opportunities to learn new things, praise, recognition, and time with the manager.

Which of the following amendments abolished slavery in the United States?

Thirteenth Amendment

Which of the following acts states that employers cannot retaliate against employees for either "opposing" a perceived illegal employment practice or "participating in a proceeding" related to an alleged illegal employment practice?

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Which of the following states that it is illegal for an employer to fail or refuse to hire or discharge any individual, or otherwise discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment because of such individual's race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

_____ refers to a planned effort to facilitate the learning of job-related knowledge, skills, and behavior by employees.

Training

Which of the following is true about transitional matrices?

Transitional matrices are extremely useful for charting historical trends in a company's supply of labor.

_____ allows for consideration of human resource issues during the strategy formulation process.

Two-way linkages

Which of the following differentiates statistical forecasting methods from judgmental forecasting methods?

Under the right conditions, statistical methods are more precise for capturing historic trends in a company's demand for labor than judgmental methods.

Which of the following is true about a business ally?

Understands how business makes money

The _____ is a set of guidelines issued jointly by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, the Department of Labor, the Department of Justice, and the U.S. Civil Service Commission.

Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures

Which of the following components of an affirmative action plan compares the race, sex, and ethnic composition of the employer's workforce with that of the available labor supply?

Utilization analysis

The costs that change directly with the units produced are known as _____ costs.

Variable

The Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs has authority to enforce the:

Vietnam Era Veteran's Readjustment Act

Which of the following recruiter characteristics do applicants tend to respond to most positively?

Warmth

Which of the following best demonstrates the process of self-selection?

While at a job fair, an applicant decides to interview with the ABC Company

Which of the following HRM practices, supporting high-performance work systems, is associated with allowing employees to use a variety of skills?

Work design

Which of the following refers to the physical activities, tools, and devices used by the worker to perform the job?

Work output

Which of the following refers to the process of analyzing the tasks necessary for the production of a product or service, prior to allocating and assigning the tasks to a particular job category or person?

Work-flow design

_____ provides a longitudinal overview of the dynamic relationships by which inputs are converted into outputs.

Work-flow design

The _____ requires that employers give workers 60 days warning regarding layoffs, as well as severance pay.

Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act

_____ involves usage of quantitative and scientific methods to analyze data from human resource databases.

Workforce analytics

Adaptive organizational structures emphasize:

a core set of values, and elimination of boundaries between managers, employees, and organizational functions

Traditionally, the HRM department was primarily a(n) _____.

administrative expert

A leading indicator is:

an objective measure that accurately predicts future labor demand

A company engaged in differentiation strategy requires employees who:

are highly creative and cooperative

When an organization develops integrated manufacturing systems such as advanced manufacturing technology and just-in-time inventory control, strategic human resource management has the responsibility of _____.

assessing the employee skills required to run these systems

Within the Job Characteristics Model, the degree to which the job allows an individual to make decisions about the way the work is carried out is called _____.

autonomy

Executive order 11478 requires the federal government to:

base all its employment policies on merit and fitness

A spa hires only women for handing out towels in its women's locker room. This is a case of:

bona fide occupational qualification

Employees in geographically dispersed locations can work together in virtual teams using video, e-mail, and the Internet. This work system would be most ideal for:?

building partnerships

According to the Civil Rights Act 1991, once the plaintiff has made a prima facie disparate impact case, the _____.

burden of proof shifts to the defendant

When decision-making authority resides at the top of the organizational chart as opposed to being distributed throughout lower levels, an organization is _____.

centralized

Litigation involving job security will have a major influence on human resource management practices because:

company rules, systems and practices might falsely communicate lifetime employment agreements not intended by the company during layoffs.

Strategies emphasizing market share or operating costs are considered _____ strategies.

concentration

With the _____ strategy, a company attempts to focus on what it does best within its established markets and can be thought of as "sticking to its knitting."

concentration

The agreement between the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and an organization that the organization will cease certain discriminatory practices is known as a:

consent decree

The legislative branch of the federal government:

consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate

The executive branch of the federal government:

consists of the president and the many regulatory agencies the president oversees

A company that wants to become the lowest cost producer in an industry should _____.

construct efficient large-scale facilities

Managing cultural diversity involves:

creating a workplace that makes it comfortable for employees of all backgrounds to be creative and innovative

Distribution channels is an example of _____ capital.

customer

Jack Murske is looking for a job that fits his requirements. He has applied for a job vacancy in two companies in his town and five companies outside town. Jack is an example of a(n) _____.

direct applicant

Company X conducts a pen-and-paper test to select employees. But, the number of African-American candidates rejected in the test is unusually large in comparison with the number of American candidates rejected in the test. This situation is an example of:

disparate impact

Under _____, intent is irrelevant.

disparate impact

Adam and Dean graduate from the same university with the same grades. They apply for a job in a company. The company decides to hire Adam and not Dean because Dean suffers from lymphatic disorders. In this case, Dean is a victim of:

disparate treatment

Firms that seek to scale down their operations are following a(n):

divestment strategy.

A policy that lays out the steps an employee can take to appeal a termination decision is called a(n) _____.

due process policy

In functional and centralized structures:

employees tend to think of fairness in terms of rules and procedures

Policies that state that either party in the employment relationship can terminate that relationship at any time, regardless of cause are called _____.

employment-at-will policies

Executive order 11246 required all federal contractors and subcontractors to:

engage in affirmative action programs to hire and promote minorities

The final step in the planning process is to _____.

evaluate results

The U.S. Office of Personnel Management is in charge of:

executive order 11478

Directives issued and amended unilaterally by the president are known as:

executive orders

Companies attempting to integrate vertically or horizontally or to diversify exhibit a(n) _____ strategy.

external growth

Within the Job Characteristics Model, the extent to which a person receives clear information about his/her performance from the job itself is termed _____.

feedback

Divisional structures are most appropriate when:

flexibility is required

A company that follows an overall cost leadership strategy _____.

focuses on becoming the lowest cost producer in an industry

During strategy implementation, an organization:

follows through on the chosen strategy

The first step in the human resource planning process is _____.

forecasting

The process of attempting to ascertain the supply and demand for various types of human resources is called _____.

forecasting

A(n) _____ is a short-term elimination of paid workdays applied to salaried workers, as opposed to hourly workers.

furlough

The main provision of the Occupational Safety and Health Act states that each employer should furnish each employee a place of employment free from recognized hazards that cause or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm. This is referred to as the:

general duty clause.

During strategy formulation, the strategic planning groups _____.

generate various strategic alternatives

Empowering is defined as:

giving employees responsibility and authority to make decisions regarding all aspects of product development or customer service.

Companies engaged in a cost strategy require employees to _____.

have a high concern for quantity

Tacit knowledge is an example of _____ capital.

human

The perceptual-motor approach to job design focuses on:

human mental capabilities and limitations

In _____, managers analyze an organization's human resource needs in a dynamic environment and develop activities that enable a firm to adapt to change.

human resource planning

Sometimes, organizations advertise just to promote themselves as a good place to work in general. This is called _____.

image advertising

By designing jobs according to the mechanistic approach:

individuals can be trained to perform jobs

The final stage of a work-flow analysis is identifying the work _____.

inputs

Companies with _____ have their human resource management functions built right into the strategy formulation and implementation processes.

integrative linkage

Trade secrets is an example of _____ capital.

intellectual

The skills and motivation of a company's _____ labor force determine the need for training and development practices and the effectiveness of the company's compensation and reward systems.

internal

Strategies focusing on market development, product development, innovation, or joint ventures make up the _____ strategy.

internal growth

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission has the responsibility of:

investigating and resolving discrimination complaints, gathering information, and issuing guidelines

The Fourteenth Amendment:

is applicable only to state actions

Image advertising is often effective because:

it enables applicants to develop ideas about the general reputation of a firm

The process of getting detailed information about jobs is known as:

job analysis

The most common source for error in job analysis results from:

job descriptions being outdated

Adding more decision-making authority to a job to increase its motivational potential is known as _____.

job enrichment

When job analysis information is used to judge the relative dollar value of each job within an organization, this HR activity is termed _____.

job evaluation

The _____ breaks down each job into basic elements and rates each of the elements for its potential for harm or injury.

job hazard analysis technique

n most cases, job analysis information is obtained from _____.

job incumbents

Organizational recruitment materials that emphasize due process, rights of appeal, and grievance mechanisms send a message that:

job security is high in the organization

A person's factual or procedural information that is necessary for successfully performing a task is called _____.

knowledge

Your company's primary concern is to reduce an expected labor surplus fast; its secondary concern is to minimize human suffering. The option that would best address the company's concerns (in the priority indicated) is:

layoffs and transfers

An approach that pays higher-than-current-market wages is called a(n) _____

lead-the-market approach

A company where employees are in a constant state of assimilating knowledge through monitoring the environment, making decisions, and flexibly restructuring the company to compete in that environment is known as a(n) _____ organization.

learning

The written affirmative plan that specifies what an employer plans to do to reduce underutilization of protected groups is called a _____.

list of action steps

A critical aspect of the program implementation step of human resource planning is:

making sure that some individual is held accountable for achieving the stated goals

The mechanistic approach entails:

making the work so simple that anyone can be trained quickly and easily to perform it

The goal of the biological approach to job design is to:

minimize physical strain on the worker by structuring the physical work environment around the way the human body works

In a _____ case, the defendant acknowledges that some discriminatory motive existed but argues that the same hiring decision would have been reached even without the discriminatory motive.

mixed-motive

A special case of outsourcing where the jobs that move actually leave one country and go to another is called _____.

offshoring

Exporting jobs from developed to less developed countries is known as _____.

offshoring

In _____, a firm's strategic business planning function develops the strategic plan and then informs the HRM function of the plan.

one-way linkage

Exporting jobs to rural parts of the United States is referred to as _____.

onshoring

How much the members in a team share a reward for task accomplishment is shown by _____.

outcome interdependence

The practice of having another company provide services traditionally associated with the administrative role of HR is known as:

outsourcing

If a plaintiff feels that the promotion procedure in his/her company leaves too much discretion to the managers and provides avenue through which biases creep in, he/she can file a lawsuit for:

pattern and practice

In showing class action _____ lawsuits, the plaintiffs show some statistical disparities between the composition of some group within the company compared to some other relevant group.

pattern and practice

Besides interesting work, _____ are the most important incentives that companies can offer to its employees.

pay and benefits

Yield ratios express the:

percentage of applicants who successfully move from one stage of the recruitment and selection process to the next

An organization needs to create a fit between its environment, competitive strategy, and _____.

philosophy

The work _____ are the activities that members of a work unit engage in to produce a given output.

processes

The programs developed in the strategic-choice stage of the process are put into practice in the _____ stage.

program-implementation

A(n) _____ contract describes what an employee expects to contribute and what the company will provide to the employee for these contributions.

psychological

Anna's boss terminated her employment because she did not submit herself to sexual advances. Anna is a victim of:

quid pro quo harassment.

Mary Ortiz has been encouraged by one of her friends to apply for a job at the advertising firm she works at. Mary is an example of a(n) _____.

referral

Section 1982 of the Civil Rights Act of 1866 granted individuals the _____.

right to enter into and enforce a contract

Section 1982 of the Civil Rights Act passed in 1886 granted all persons the _____.

same property rights as white citizens

Companies engaged in differentiation strategy _____.

seek to generate more creativity through broadly defined jobs

Identifying the most qualified applicants for employment refers to _____.

selection

The process by which a firm attempts to identify applicants with the necessary knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics that will help the firm achieve its goals is known as _____.

selection

Giving employees online access to information about HR issues such as training, benefits, and compensation is called _____.

self-service

Executive search firms (ESFs):

serve as an important confidentiality buffer between the employer and the recruit

Alice and Charlie work in the same team. Lately, Alice notices that Charlie likes to make subtle physical contacts with her while discussing work. He comments on her dressing style and hints that he would like to pursue an intimate relationship. Alice is upset because of Charlie's behaviors. Alice can sue Charlie for _____.

sexual harassment

Mentoring relationships is an example of _____ capital.

social

Increasingly, companies are trying to meet shareholder and general public demands that they be more ethically, and environmentally responsible. Thus, companies are recognizing the importance of _____.

social responsibility

Goals and timetables in an affirmative action plan:

specify the percentage of women and minorities that the employer seeks to have in each job group

During _____, the strategic planning groups decide on a strategic direction by defining the company's mission and goals, its external opportunities and threats, and its internal strengths and weaknesses.

strategy formulation

Mission, goals, external analysis, internal analysis, and strategic choices are the five major components of the strategic management process that are relevant to:

strategy formulation

Terminal Inc. is a retail firm specializing in menswear. It plans to overtake its closest competitor within two years. It has decided to set up a store in Manhattan where it had no presence earlier. But, it realizes that NewBliss Inc. can give it a very good competition in the formal attire group for males between the ages of 25-35. Terminal Inc. is at the _____ phase.

strategy formulation

Statistical planning models almost always have to be complemented by _____.

subjective judgments

The degree to which a job requires completing a whole piece of work from beginning to end is _____.

task identity

The extent to which the job has an important impact on the lives of other people is _____.

task significance

If work is organized around teams, then:

team bonuses need to play a major role in terms of defining rewards

The _____ is an analysis methodology that helps managers determine which specific element of a job led to a past accident.

technic of operations review

Companies engaged in a cost strategy _____.

tend to specifically define the skills they require

The goals that are set in the human resource planning process should come directly from:

the analysis of the labor supply and demand

A firm's strategic management decision-making process usually takes place at its top levels, with a strategic planning group consisting of:

the chief executive officer and the president

The basic premise behind strategy implementation is that _____.

the choice of organizational forms and structural forms make an economic difference

A high level of pay relative to that of competitors can ensure that _____.

the company attracts high-quality employees

In administrative linkage:

the human resource management function's attention is on day-to-day activities

The goal of the perceptual-motor approach to job design is:

to design jobs in a way that ensures they do not exceed people's mental capabilities and limitations

The purpose of setting specific quantitative goals is:

to focus attention on the problem and provide a benchmark for determining the relative success of any programs aimed at redressing a pending labor shortage or surplus

Implementation of _____ is a companywide effort to continuously improve the ways people, machines, and systems accomplish work.

total quality management

A(n) _____ shows the proportion of employees in different job categories at different times.

transitional matrix

When a company faces a shortage of labor, and it predicts that current demand for products or services may not extend to the future, it will:

try to garner more hours out of the existing labor force

Recruiting advertisements in newspapers and periodicals:

typically generate less desirable recruits than direct applications or referrals

Hammer and Nail Co. has offices around the globe. Its teams are separated by time, geographic distance, culture, and/or organizational boundaries, and almost rely exclusively on technology for interaction between team members. Its teams are:

virtual teams

In the face of demographic pressures dealing with an aging workforce, many employers try to induce _____ among their older workers through early retirement incentive programs.

voluntary attrition

Regardless of their background, most employees value:

work that leads to self-fulfillment

The process of determining whether there are any subgroups whose proportion in a given job category within a company is substantially different from their proportion in the relevant labor market is called _____.

workforce utilization review