MGT Chapter 2 Review

In the context of human relations movement and related studies, who among the following is a "ratebuster?

A person performing above the average workers

_____ is the study of the factors that have an impact on how individuals and groups respond to and act in organizations.

Organizational Behavior

The aspect of management theory that uses mathematical techniques such as modeling and simulation to help managers make better decisions is called:

Quantitative Management

If an organization has a profit-sharing plan in which employees are able to purchase the company's stock at a discount whenever the organization makes huge profits, then this organization follows Fayol's principle of:

Renumeration of Personnel

The idea that employees who stay with the organization for many years develop skills on the job which can help the organization to become more efficient is consistent with Fayol's principle of:

Stability of Tenure

According to Henri Fayol, discipline refers to:

Stability of tenure of personnel

_____ is the performance gain caused by two or more departments coordinating their efforts.

Synergy

Discipline

The obedience, energy, application, and other outward marks of respect for a superior's authority.

True or False? A time-and-motion study involves the careful timing and recording of the actions taken to perform a particular task.

True

True or False? According to Fayol, the fewer the levels in the managerial hierarchy of an organization, the faster the pace of planning and organizing.

True

True or false? Bureaucracy is a formal system of organization and administration designed to ensure efficiency and effectiveness.

True

The president at Protector's Insurance takes pride in the fact that his organization strives to behave legally and ethically. The company advocates an approach that tries to balance the interests of different stakeholders in relation to the claims of other stakeholders. What approach to social responsibility is the organization implementing?

Accommodative Approach

Fayol recommended the use of _____ to show the position and duties of each employee and to indicate which positions an employee might move to or be promoted to in the future.

An organizational chart

Which of the following statements indicates that Megabytes Inc. has implemented an organic structure?

At Megabytes, authority is decentralized to middle and first-line managers.

_____ gives managers the right to direct and control their subordinates' behavior to accomplish organizational goals.

Authority

What are Standard Operating Procedures?

Compulsory practice of employees cleaning their work areas at the end of each day

If a manager designs the organizational hierarchy based on the characteristics of the organizational environment, he is acting in accordance with _____

Contingency Theory

If a manager designs the organizational hierarchy based on the characteristics of the organizational environment, he is acting in accordance with _____.

Contingency Theory

The primary message of _____ is that there is no one best way to organize.

Contingency Theory

_____ is the idea that the organizational structures and control systems that are chosen by managers depend on characteristics of the external environment in which the organization operates.

Contingency theory

_____ refers to a system where small workshops run by skilled workers produce hand-manufactured products.

Crafts Production

Managers who sell their stock in advance of other stockholders because they know that their company's performance is about to fall demonstrate the _____ approach to social responsibility.

Defensive Approach

Obedience to a manager's authority is most consistent with Fayol's principle of

Discipline

True or False? F.W. Taylor advocated the use of a standard pay system that was independent of worker performance.

False

True or false? According to the Hawthorne effect, each manager's personal behavior or leadership approach has no effect on performance.

False

True or false? In a bureaucracy, a manager's formal authority derives from the knowledge he possesses rather than the position he holds in the organization

False

True or false? Increasing the level of job specialization reduces efficiency and leads to lower organizational performance.

False

True or false? The theory of scientific management was introduced in the late twentieth century.

False

_____ refers to the chain of command extending from the top to the bottom of an organization

Line of Authority

The managers of Lehman Brothers, whose bankruptcy helped propel the 2008-2009 financial crisis, used loopholes in U.K. law to hide billions of dollars of worthless assets in its balance sheet to disguise its poor financial condition. Which of the following approaches to social responsibility is illustrated from this example?

Obstructionist Approach

True or false? In his studies, Adam Smith found that the performance of the factories in which workers specialized in only one or a few tasks was much greater than the performance of the factory in which each worker performed all the tasks.

True

True or false? Management science theory focuses on the use of rigorous quantitative techniques to help managers.

True

True or false? The human relations movement in management theory advocates that supervisors be trained to manage subordinates in ways that elicit their cooperation and increase their productivity.

True

True or false? Theory Y assumes that workers are not inherently lazy, do not naturally dislike work, and, if given an opportunity, will do what is good for the organization.

True

Henry Fayol believed that in order to increase the efficiency of the management process it is essential that

all organizational members are entitled to be treated with justice and respect.

Administrative management is the study of:

how an organizational structure is to be created such that it leads to high efficiency and effectiveness.

If Samantha was employing the moral rights rule in her decision making, she would:

seek to protect the privileges of people affected.

The idea that workers should be aware of how their performance affects the performance of the organization as a whole is most consistent with Fayol's principle of:

subordination of individual interests to the common interest.

According to Henri Fayol, initiative refers to:

the ability to act on one's own without direction from a superior.