MHR knowing quiz 3

3 types of organizational designs?

(1) traditional designs, (2) horizontal designs, and (3) designs that open boundaries between organizations.

Organizations using a matrix structure

-contain two command structures, in which some people actually report to two bosses -In a matrix structure, an organization combines functional and divisional chains of command in a grid so that there are two command structures, vertical and horizontal. For example, a marketing person may report to both the vice president of marketing and to the project manager.

A major advantage/major advantages of decentralization are that managers are:

Encouraged to solve their own problems -An advantage of decentralized authority is that managers are encouraged to solve their own problems rather than to buck the decision to a higher level. In addition, decisions are made more quickly, which increases the organization's flexibility and efficiency.

When the new nurse was hired at the hospital, HR gave her a handout containing a chart that showed a family-tree-like pattern of boxes and lines, the formal lines of authority and the organization's official positions at the hospital. This handout is known an emergency process and procedures flow chart.

False -Although sometimes an organizational chart can give clear directives for the chain of command in states of emergency, those details are often reserved for separate procedures not beholden to formal lines of authority and official organizational positions.

Voluntary collectives with the purpose of advancing their members' interests are known as ________.

Mutual-benefit organizations are voluntary collectives whose purpose is to advance members' interests (examples: unions, trade associations).

Dave, the HR manager, was meeting with Amy, the new controller. He mentioned to her that "If you glance left and right on the line of that chart, you will see horizontal specialization, the different jobs and work specializations." The chart that Dave was showing to Amy is an organization chart.

True -A glance to the left and right on the line of an organization chart shows the horizontal specialization, the different jobs or work specialization.

Becky, the CEO of an electronics retailer, is looking at the corporate structure that groups employees by specialties, such as store sales, HR, and accounting. This is an example of a functional structure.

True -In a functional structure, people with similar occupational specialties are put together in formal groups. This is a quite commonplace structure, seen in all kinds of organizations, for-profit and nonprofit.

A formal chain of command, standardization of rules and procedures, and use of cross-functional teams and computer networks so that there is frequent communication and coordination of the parts are the means for achieving

a common goal through integration. -The means for achieving integration are a formal chain of command, standardization of rules and procedures, and use of cross-functional teams and computer networks so that there is frequent communication and coordination of the parts.

A hierarchy of authority is

a control mechanism for making sure the right people do the right things at the right time

The tendency of the parts of an organization to disperse and fragment is known as differentiation.

a.) true -Differentiation is the tendency of the parts of an organization to disperse and fragment.

The vertical hierarchy is also known as

chain of command

Thomas, a sales associate in the furniture department, reports to Betsey, the furniture department manager. This morning, Betsey asked Thomas to change the price tags on the desk chairs. While working on this task, David, the computer department manager, told Thomas that he wanted him to unload some computers. Thomas is confused about what to do because under the principle of unity of command,

employees should report to one manager - A principle stressed by early management scholars was that of unity of command, in which an employee should report to no more than one manager to avoid conflicting priorities and demands.

Companies that have gone through a rough start-up period may decide to change their structures so that they are less mechanistic, to enable greater flexibility.

false

T/F: An advantage of centralization is that procedures are not uniform and thus easier to control.

false -An advantage of centralization is that procedures are uniform and thus easier to control; all purchasing, for example, may have to be put out to competitive bids. Another advantage in using centralized authority is that there is less duplication of work because fewer employees perform the same task; rather, the task is often performed by a department of specialists.

T/F : When there are fewer rules and procedures, and networks of employees are encouraged to cooperate and respond quickly to unexpected tasks, this is known as integration.

false -Integration is the tendency of the parts of an organization to draw together to achieve a common purpose.

T/F: The formal and informal marketing systems of goods, services, and ideas, along with the customer relationships, that an organization sells are known as its organizational structure.

false -Organizational structure is a formal system of task and reporting relationships that coordinate and motivate an organization's members so that they can work together to achieve the organization's goals.

The structure of Shoe Mart consists of people with similar specialties put together in formal groups, such as the marketing, accounting, and human resource departments. This is an example of a

functional structure -In a functional structure, people with similar occupational specialties are put together in formal groups. This is a quite commonplace structure, seen in all kinds of organizations, for-profit and nonprofit.

With a hollow structure, the organization

has a central core of key functions and outsources others to vendors who are less expensive or faster

Quality Paper Products utilizes a structure that includes functional divisions and a divisional chain of command. For example, Mary Beth, a salesperson, reported to both her sales manager and the office products manager when she first started working on the city of Springfield account. Quality Paper Products has developed a

matrix structure -In a matrix structure, an organization combines functional and divisional chains of command in a grid so that there are two command structures, vertical and horizontal.

Two types of spans of control are?

narrow and wide

1. Dr. Jones is retiring from the hospital and he wants to start an organization, Doctor Help, that will provide low-income individuals in the United States with medical assistance at no cost. Doctor Help is an example of a(n)

non profit organization -A nonprofit organization is formed to offer services to some clients, as the Humane Society does, not to make a profit.

Organizational design is concerned with an organization developing ________.

optimal structures of accountability and responsibility to execute its strategies -Organizational design is concerned with designing the optimal structures of accountability and responsibility that an organization uses to execute its strategies. We may categorize organizational designs as three types: (1) traditional designs, (2) horizontal designs, and (3) designs that open boundaries between organizations.

Phone Tech, a global phone company, frequently needs to respond quickly to the fast-changing consumer tastes with its phones. Therefore, management has fewer rules and procedures than most organizations, and networks of employees are encouraged to cooperate and respond quickly to unexpected tasks and changes in technology. Phone Tech is utilizing a(n) ________ structure.

organic In an organic organization, authority is decentralized, there are fewer rules and procedures, and networks of employees are encouraged to cooperate and respond quickly to unexpected tasks.

1. Time Warner has different divisions for magazines, movies, recordings, cable television, and so on. The Warner Bros. part of the empire alone has divisions spanning movies and television, a broadcast network, retail stores, theaters, amusement parks, and music. Time Warner is an example of an organization with

product divisions -product divisions group activities are around similar products or services.

A company with authority centralized in a single person, a flat hierarchy, few rules, and low work specialization is a characteristic of an organization with a

simple structure

T/F: Paulina works as an order-taker at a fast food restaurant. She does not cook food, or even package the final order, but inputs the order and takes payment. Paulina reports directly to the shift manager, and seldom interacts with the general manager. This is an example of a mechanistic organization.

true -In a mechanistic organization, authority is centralized, tasks and rules are clearly specified, and employees are closely supervised. Mechanistic organizations, then, are bureaucratic, with rigid rules and top-down communication.

At Ace Sales, the CEO and HR director are line managers, and the special adviser is an example of a staff position.

true -Line managers have authority to make decisions and usually have people reporting to them, an example of which is a director of operations. Staff personnel have authority functions; they provide advice, recommendations, and research to line managers.

The arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people is known as division of labor.

true -The arrangement of having discrete parts of a task done by different people is known as division of labor.

Beautiful Homes builds new homes with products from numerous companies, such as garages from Home Depot and specially designed kitchens from a company in North Carolina. Beautiful Homes is an example of a modular structure.

true -in a modular structure, a firm assembles product chunks, or modules, provided by outside contractors