Microbio - Ch. 11 review questions
Compare and contrast the relationships of Agrobacterium and Rhizobium species with plants.
Both obtain the nutrients from the plants, but only the Rhizobium species are beneficial for the plants, whereas Agrobacterium species enter the plants by harming them (tumor formation)
Members of which of the following genera are coliforms? a) Bacteroides b) Bifidobacterium c) Clostridium d) Escherichia e) Streptococcus
d) Escherichia
All of the following genera are obligate intracellular parasites except a) Chlamydia. b) Coxiella. c) Ehrlichia. d) Mycoplasma. e) Rickettsia.
d) Mycoplasma
Thermoplasma and Picrophilus grow best in which of the following extreme conditions? a) Low pH b) High salt c) High temperature d) a and c e) b and c
d) a and c
Which of the following genera would you most likely find growing in acidic runoff from a coal mine? a) Clostridium b) Escherichia c) Lactic acid bacteria d) Thermus e) Acidithiobacillus
e) Acidithiobacillus
A catalase-negative colony growing on a plate that was incubated aerobically could be which of these genera? a) Bacillus b) Escherichia c) Micrococcus d)Staphylococcus e) Streptococcus
e) Streptococcus
Name two genera of endospore-forming bacteria. How do they differ?
Bacteria belonging to the Bacillus and Clostridium species can form spores. The endospore allows the organism to become resistant to heat, disinfectants, and remain viable (live) for prolonged periods.The Clostridom species are obligated anaerobes (strict anaerobes), whereas the Bacillus species are either aerobes or faculative anaerobic organisms.
what kind of bacteria might compose the subsurface scum of polluted ponds?
Cyanobacteria
What unique motility structure characterizes the spirochetes?
Endoflagella.
Give three examples of energy sources used by chemolithotrophs.
H2, CO2, Lactic Acid
how is the life cycle of Epulopiscium species unusual?
Rather than undergoing binary fission, they enlarge considerably, finally lysing to release up to seven daughter cells.
In what way does the metabolism of Streptococcus species differ from that of Staphylococcus species?
Streptococcus species are obligate fermenters; they cannot respire even when growing in the presence of O2. Staphylococcus species are facultative anaerobes; they respire when O2 is available but ferment when it is not.
what kind of bacterium might be responsible for plugging the pipes in a sewage treatment facility?
The two sulfur-oxidizing bacteria include, Beggiatoa and Thiothrix, which lie in sewage-polluted water, sulfur springs, and other regions with water sediments. Thermus bacteria can also oxidize sulfur, but it is generally present at the regions with higher temperatures.
How have species of Streptomyces contributed to the treatment of infectious diseases?
They are the natural source of many medically important antibiotics.
What characteristics of Azotobacter species protect their nitrogenase enzyme from inactivation by O2?
They have a high respiratory rate and thus consume O2 so rapidly that an anaerobic environment is produced inside the cell. In addition, a protein in the cell binds nitrogenase, thereby protecting it from O2 damage.
Which of the following genera preys on other bacteria? a) Bdellovibrio b)Caulobacter c) Hyphomicrobium d) Photobacterium e) Sphaerotilus
a) Bdellovibrio
Which of the following genera are known to fix nitrogen? 1. Anabaena 2. Azotobacter 3. Deinococcus 4.Mycoplasma 5. Rhizobium a) 1, 3, 4 b) 1, 2, 5 c) 2, 3, 5 d) 2, 4, 5 e) 3, 4, 5
b) 1, 2, 5
The dormant forms of which of the following genera are the most resistant to environmental extremes? 1. Azotobacter 2. Bacillus 3. Clostridium 4. Myxobacteria 5. Streptomyces a) 1, 2 b) 2, 3 c) 3, 4 d) 4, 5 e) 1, 5
b) 2, 3
All of the following genera are spirochetes except a) Borrelia. b) Caulobacter. c) Leptospira. d)Spirochaeta. e) Treponema.
b) Caulobacter.
Which of the following archaea would most likely be found coexisting with bacteria? a) Nanoarchaeum b) Halobacterium c) Methanococcus d) Picrophilus e) Sulfolobus
c) Methanococcus