Microbio Exam 3

Secondary metabolites appear during which of the following stages

at, near, or in the stationary phase

Most vitamins are made commercially by

biochemical fermentation

African Sleeping sickness

African trypanosomiasis, trypanosoma brucei, Tse Tse fly, fevers, headaches, joint pain, trouble sleeping

Which class of microorganisms causes meningitis

All of the Above

Cerebrospinal fluid reveals gram negative rods

Haemophilus influenza

What is the function pf mercuric reductase

Hg2+ to Hg0

The Ca cycle is tightly coupled to the

carbon cycle through calcium carbonate formation in ocean waters.

When microorganisms degrade oil, the carbon is oxidized to

carbon dioxide

What process follows fermentation to obtain higher concentrations of ethanol in high alcohol content beverages

distillation

post corneal transplant, a woman developed dementia and lost motor function, before dying - cultures and serological tests were negative

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

micro examinations of cerebro fluid from a person who washes windows on a building in a large city reveals ovoid cells

Cryptococcus neofomanas

Anerobic gram positive found on skin

Propioniobacterium acnes

amebic meningeocephalitis

Protozoan found in recreational freshwater, exposure to them is widespread, Naegleria fowleria, very fatal

Microscopic examination of scrapings from patients rash shows gram neg rods

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Scientists studying bioremediation often use environmental strains of ____ that is capable of breaking down pesticides and other toxic chemicals

Psuedomonas

gardner comes into the ER with large ulcers on hands/wrists

Sporothrix schenkii

Which species is commonly present on the skin of humans, normally does not cause disease and grows well on 7.5% NaCl-containing media

Staphylococcus epidermidis

gram positive cocci from inner nose, grows linearly and has surface protrusions when viewed microscopically

Streptococcus

Frozen methane molecules are called

methane hydrate

The organisms whose fermentative production of carbon dioxide produces the characteristics holes in Swiss cheese are the

propionic acid bacteria

Genetically modified organisms are made to lack proteases when the product is a(n)

protein

The metabolic process of denitrification

reduces NO3-

What is the largest carbon sink on Earth

rocks and sediment

One important difference between the C,N, and S cycles and the P, Ca, and Si cycles is that

the P, Ca, and Si cycles do not involve redox changes or gaseous forms that can alter Earth's atmospheric conditions

Prions are an infectious form of protein with no genomic material. what is the biochemical pathway

they can asusme 2 folded shapes, when a normal protein encounters and abnormally folded one. the normal one changes shape, and becomes abnormally folded

How do microorganisms contribute to corrosion in petroleum pipes

when sulfates are present, sulfate reducing bacteria can grow as the metabolize the sulfates, producing sulfides

The most prevalent human infectious diseases are caused by

Bacteria

infants acquire as they pass through birth canal

Chlamydia trachtomatis

Anerobic endosporeforming Gram (+) rod that produces an exotoxin that reacts with vesicles in the synaptic end of the nerve that blocks the release

Clostridium botulinum

Botulism

Clostridium botulium, ingestion of toxin, Flaccid paralysis

Leprosy

Mycobacterium leprae, direct contact, areas of sensation loss of skin

coma patient, came in with a fever, headache, stiff-neck, and rash, positive for Gram(-) diplocci

Neisseria Meningitis

xenobiotic compounds

PCBs , munitions, dyes and chlorinated solvent, C-Cl bonds are resistant to microbial attack, wide variety

Acne

Propionibacterium acnes, direct contact, infected oil glands

Chicken Pox

Varicella-Zoster, Respiratory, Rash

Which of the following would not aid in the enrichment of sulfate reducers

incubation under aerobic conditions

One of the formidable obstacles to mammalian gene cloning is the presence of A. introns. B. exons. C. repressors. D. poly-A tail

introns

Bacterials oxidation of Fe2+ occurs BEST under which environmental condition

low (acidic) pH

Reverse transcriptase uses --- as template to create ---- that transcripts can be used in cloning

mRNA, cDNA

Which of the following is NOT a degradation product of organic material

oxygen

Warts, cervical cancer

papillomavirus, direct contacts, benign tumor, wkarts, cancer

Why is reductive dechlorination more important process in the breakdown of xenobiotics

polluted areas become anoxic quickly, leading to only hydrogen to react

why is reductive dechlorination more important process in the breakdown of xenobiotics

polluted areas become anoxic quickly, leading to only hydrogen to react with the contaminant

Which of the following is NOT a trait of the chlamydias

primarily transmitted by arthropod vectors