Microbiology Ch. 24 & 25
Human herpesvirus (1/2/3/4) is usually associated with lesions on the mouth.
1
The "common cold" is so common because
100+ strains of rhinovirus and several other types of virus cause "colds."
What is the recommended schedule for the first chicken pox vaccine in infants?
12 months of age
What is the likelihood the average college freshman has been infected with HHV-4, also known as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)?
70%
A new virus is discovered that has double stranded DNA and no envelope. The highly purified virions form large crystals. This new virus is most likely a member of which virus family?
Adenoviridae
Is any RNA heptatis virus associated with chronic liver disease that progresses to cancer? If so, which one?
C
A concerned mother reports that her child has spent time playing with another child recovering from chickenpox. The child recovering from chickenpox exhibits dry, crusty lesions from the disease. Is the mother's concern warranted?
No, because dry chickenpox lesions are not infective.
Which of the following RNA virus families include the smallest viral pathogens in animals?
Picornaviridae
What makes neonatal herpes a very serious condition?
Central nervous system infection of the neonate.
What are the complete hepatitis B virions called?
Dane particles
Which of the following forms of the hepatitis B virus is complete and cause an infection?
Dane particles
Is there a statement below about genital warts that is false? If so identify it.
HPV incidence is relatively low because treatment is available.
How is this disease most likely to be transmitted?
Hepatitis B is a sexually transmitted disease.
Which of the following families of DNA viruses is the most prevalent in humans?
Herpesviridae
A 5-year-old girl arrives at her pediatrician's office with very red bloodshot eyes and a thick, yellow, and crusty discharge. Her eyes are itchy and burning. The doctor prescribes antibiotic drops, but after several days she still has symptoms. Why does she still have symptoms?
She has conjunctivitis, or pinkeye, most likely caused by Adenovirus
Smallpox is a historically important disease. Which of the following events did NOT contribute to its historical importance?
Smallpox was used as a bioterrorism agent in the 2001 bioterrorist attacks.
Which of the following statements regarding the association of hepatitis B with liver cancer is FALSE?
Vaccination does not provide protection against the development of hepatic cancer.
Is Grandfather Davis contagious?
Yes. The twins would probably develop chicken pox 2 weeks after their visit with Grandfather Davis.
What can you do to prevent contracting a rhinovirus?
antisepsis
What type of vaccine would be used to vaccinate the twins?
attenuated virus vaccine
Shingles, or herpes zoster, is caused by the virus that also causes
chickenpox
Immunization with (chickenpox/cowpox/monkeypox) will provide protection against smallpox.
cowpox
What is the 5th stage of the lesions in poxvirus in smallpox?
crust
Papillomaviruses are transmitted by (aerosols/direct contact/secretions).
direct contact
Can papillomaviruses be transmitted to others and be self innoculated. If so how are they transferred?
direct contact with the virus
Which of the following characteristics are common to Poxviridae, Herpesviridae, and Hepadnaviridae?
double-stranded DNA in the virion and the presence of an envelope
Which nucleic acid is part of the varicella-zoster virion?
dsDNA
Is there any of the diseases listed below which has a vaccine that can prevent the disease. If so, select it.
genital warts
Which of the following is a vaccine-preventable disease?
genital warts
Is Hepatitis A contagious? If so, in order to not contract an infection with Hepatitis A, what should you do?
get immunized.
The condition in which athletes develop herpes lesions on their skin as a result of coming in contact with herpes lesions during wrestling is known as herpes (gladiatorum/whitlow/zoster).
gladiatorum
Which of the following viruses is a DNA virus that infects liver cells?
hepadnaviruses
What disease does Duyen have? Assume that the desease is caused by DNA virus
hepatitis B
Which of the following is the only DNA virus that can cause viral hepatitis?
hepatitis B virus
Where does human herpesvirus 4 (EBV) become latent?
in B lymphocytes
According to the CDC website, "approximately 79 million Americans are currently infected with HPV. Another 14 million people become newly infected each year. HPV is so common that almost every person who is sexually active will get HPV at some time in their life if they don't get the HPV vaccine. Using condoms can lower chances of getting HPV, but HPV can infect areas not covered by condoms. Boys should also be vaccinated because________________.
it can prevent oropharyngeal cancer caused by having oral sex with someone infected with HPV
What is the medical term for yellow discoloration of the sclera and mucous membranes?
jaundice
What is the 1st stage of the lesions in poxvirus in smallpox?
macule
The development of the poxvirus skin lesions develop in a characteristic order that allows for easy diagnosis of the disease. Choose the option that contains the stages in the correct order.
macule, papule, vesicle, pustule
A virus that is fecal/oral and associated with outbreaks of disease on cruise ships, daycare centers, hospitals, schools, etc that causes diarrhea and vomiting.
norovirus
What is the 2nd stage of the lesions in poxvirus in smallpox?
papule
Has any of the following diseases been eradicated or nearly so by vaccination? If so, which one of the following?
polio
An RNA that can be used by a ribosome to translate into protein is (double/positive/negative) strand RNA.
positive
Painful, blister-like lesions that progressively become filled w/ pus suggest infection with a (herpesvirus/poxvirus/papillomavirus)
poxvirus
Which reason is LEAST likely to contribute to the transmission of Adenovirus?
presence of a vector
Characteristic features of the herpesvirus used for diagnosis include the
presence of recurring lesions in the lip or genital regions and syncytia in infected tissue.
What is the 4th stage of the lesions in poxvirus in smallpox?
pustule
Which of the following enzymes allows retroviruses to transcribe DNA from ssRNA?
reverse transcriptase
What is the 6th stage of the lesions in poxvirus in smallpox?
scar
Later in life severe stress or immune response may cause those who are infected by varicella-zoster virus may develop _____________.
shingles
A student notices that she always seems to have an outbreak of cold sores just before final exams. This is because HHV-1 infections can be related to which of the following?
stress
Except for _____________, all of the following factors played a huge role in its eradication of smallpox.
the removal of animal reservoirs in nature
Smallpox (Orthopoxvirus variola) is the first human disease considered to be globally eradicated. All of the following factors played a huge role in its eradication EXCEPT for __________.
the removal of animal reservoirs in nature
What is unique about the Hepadnaviridae family of viruses?
they contain both single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA.
Contact with a minute quantity of blood is sufficient for infection with hepatitis B virus
true
The first documented human disease to be eradicated was smallpox.
true
Which virus is responsible for Grandfather Davis's shingles?
varciella-zoster virus
What is the 3rd stage of the lesions in poxvirus in smallpox?
vesicle
An inflamed fluid-filled lesion on the finger caused by either HHV-1 or HHV-2 is known as a (blister/wart/whitlow)
whitlow
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of adenoviruses?
An envelope is present.
Which of the following statements is FALSE about Adenovirus and the treatment of colds caused by it?
It is impossible to develop a vaccine for Adenovirus.
How could this disease be prevented?
Receive a vaccination.
Which of the following statements concerning genital warts is FALSE?
The incidence is relatively low because treatment is available.
