Microbiology-Chapter 13 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

nuclease

One of the early proteins expressed in the T4 lytic cycle is an enzyme? This also degrades the bacterial DNA.

Specialized Generalized

Two types of transduction?

tumor suppressor gene

inhibits cell growth

lysogenic

What infection results in the integration of bacteriophage DNA into the chromosome of the bacterial host?

lytic phages

Which infection of bacteria that always ends with the lysis of the host cells?

Viruses contain either DNA or RNA

Which of the following statements about virus nucleic acid?

release

Which stage of viral multiplication at which budding occurs is?

enveloped viruses

Which types of viruses are released by budding?

Persistent

blank infections remain for years, or even the lifetime of the host, sometimes without any symptoms.

Endocytosis

Animal viruses that do not have an envelope can only enter their host cell by?

immunity to superinfection and lysogenic conversion

Consequences of lysogeny include?

electron

If viruses are present in high enough concentrations in a sample, they can be quantified directly using a blank microscope?

Release, assembly, synthesis of viral proteins and replication of the genome, penetration and uncoating, attachment 1. Attachment 2. penetration and uncoating 3. synthesis of viral proteins and replication of the genome 4. assembly 5 release

List the steps of an animal virus infection cycle in the correct order.

spikes

Many animal viruses have proteins called? This attach to receptors on host cells.

Productive infection Latent state Viral genome remains silent within the cell New viral particles are produced Correct answer: Productive infection-new viral particles are produced Latent state- Viral genome remains silent within the cell

Match each possible outcome of phage replication with the correct definition.

phages and bacteriophages

Viruses that infect bacteria are called?

Assembly

Which describes the various viral "parts" coming together to produce virions?

Malignant

spreads to nearby tissue

proto-oncogene

stimulates cell growth

virion

A single virus particle is referred to as?

capsomeres

A viral capsids are made up of subunits called?

protein synthesis DNA replication limitless growth Right answer is limitless growth

All of the following are commmon features of primary cell lines EXCEPT?

cell culture

Although live animals and fertilized chicken eggs have been used to ccultivate animal viruses in the past, these have now been largely replaced by?

benign

Does not spread to nearby tissue

certain host oranelles the host cytoplasmic membrane

Enveloped viruses can derive their envelopes from?

human cells, bacteria, viruses 1. viruses 2. bacteria 3. Human cells

Rank the following by size, from smalled to largest, starting with the smallest at the top.

genome entry release attachment assembly biosynthesis of viral components

Replication of temperate phages and lytic phages have these in common.

Host DNA polymerase

The M13 phage has a single-stranded DNA genome. It's replicative from is a double-stranded DNA molecule. The second strand of DNA is syntesize by?

1. bacteriophages play a significant ecological role in reducing bacterial populations in nature. 2. viruses can be a vehicle ofr horizontal gene transfer in bacteria 3. there are many medically important viruses that cause disease.

The study of viruses is important because?

replicase

The virally encoded polymerase needed for replication of RNA viruses is called a?

The viral capsid is composed of protein Viruses contain RNA or DNA but not both.

True statements about viruses are?