Microbiology Chapter 16
What is IV Hypersensitivity
"T-cell Mediated" hypersensitivity that produces a delayed response to a foreign matter/ injection introduced to the body. Mechanism doesn't use Bcell pathway so there are no memory cells produced.
WHAT IS HLA markers
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What is anaphylaxis
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What is contact dermitis
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What is serum sickness
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what is degranulation
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What is a birth defect usually caused by missing or incomplete thymus gland that results in abnormally low or absent T cells and other developmental abnormalities
DiGeorge syndrome
Which disease would be most similar to AIDS in its pathology
DiGeorge syndrome because there is a lack of cell-mediated immunity
True or False:ABO blood typing is accomplished using a complement fixation test
False
true or false: a positive tuberculin skin test is an example of antibody-mediated inflammation
False: example of type IV hypersensitivity, delayed reaction. No memory Bcells
What involves antigen on tissue or cells
Hypersensitivity II
What involves circulating antigen and antibody
Hypersensitivity III
Whaat involves Tcells
Hypersensitivity IV
What characteristic set serum sickness and Arthus:
IgG, IgM, IgA and require large doses of antigen and symptoms are delayed
What is Hypersensitivity III
Immune-mediated response particulariy auto-immue. When own IgG cells collect in organs. Because this complex isn't suppose to be there they cause inflammation and immune response. More antibodies cycle though to fix problem
Why are transplants are rejected
MHC genes- the cells of each person can exhibit variability in the pattern of cell surface molecules so because people carry different MHC genes,one person's body will reject a different person's MHC genes
The contact with allergen that results in symptoms is called
Provocative dose
An example of type III immune complex disease is
Serum Sickness
How is autoimmunity treated
Treated through suppressing immune system with steroids or through immune modulation
True or False: Rejection of a transplant pertains to type IV hypersensitivity
True
what induces an allergic reaction
Type I hypersensitivity
How are transplants rejected
When the donor tissue displays surface molecules of a different MHC class, the T cells (cytotoxic) of the recipient will recognize its foreignness and react against it.
The direct, immediate cause of allergic symptoms is the action of
allergic mediators released from mast cells and basophils
What is Type 1 hyper sensitivity
an immediate hypersensitivity that pertains to histamine and IgE
What is autoimmunity
an individual develops hypersensitivity to himself or herself. Typically Type II and Type III hypersensitivity.
Which antibodies will be found naturally in the serum of antigen A+
anti-B
B cells are responsible for which allergies
asthma and anaphylaxis
Rheumatoid Arthritis is an ____ that affects the ____
autoimmune disease that affects the joints
Type II hypersensitivity is due to
complement-induced lysis of cells in the presence of antibodies
What are measurements used to prevent type I hypersensitivity
drug therapy, avoidance of allergen, desensitization
Production of autoantibodies may be due to
emergence of forbidden clones of B cells, production of antibodies against sequestered tissues, infection-induced change in receptors
What is agammaglobulenemia
genetic defent so it would require an injecting the gene into stem cells or precursor cells into their bodies to produce and multiply the gene lacking
Autoimmunity is usually treated by :
immune suppressants
Pollen is which type of allergen
inhalant
What is Type 2 hypersensitivity
this pertains to antibody-mediated mechanisms. Uses antibodies to generate a response to foreign substances. IgG and IgM use a complement pathway to lyse foreign cells
Rejection of transplanted tissue is dependent on MHC/HLA markers
true
True or False: primary immunodeficiency is present at birth
true
true or false: contact dermatitis can be caused by proteins found in foods
true
true or false: tcells are associated with type IV allergies
true
true or false:Antibody mediated degranulation of mast cells is involved in anaphylaxis
true
Theoretically, type ___ blood can be donated to all persons because it lacks____
type O lacks antigens
What is immunodeficiency and how is it treated?
when immune system is incapable of producing enough immunoglobulins to react to pathogens. Treated through transfusions to give WBC (artificial passive immunity) or gene therapy
what is immune modulation
where you give a patient a synthetic antibodies against other antibody. the synthetic antibodies destroy unnecessarily made natural antibodies
