Midterm 1 Chapters 1-3

File Names & Extensions: Characters not _________________ in a file name are: / \ ? : * " > <

usable

Windows File Properties: Title & author can be added by the _______________

user

Ergonomics: What are 2 components of ergonomic improper workspace?

-can affect health, comfort, and productivity -leads to discomfort and can result in musculoskeletal disorders

Use Windows to Search for Files: -____________ & Support window -_________________ Panel window -File ____________________ window

-Help -Control -Explorer

Back Up Your Files: What are 5 backup storage options?

-Internal hard drives -External hard drives -Optical drives -Flash drives -Networks

Examples of Other Personal Computing Devices--Mobile Devices: What are the 7 things that smartphones & tablets provide?

-Internet access -Email access -Digital cameras -GPS -Mapping tools -Document editing -Mobile apps

Making it Personal--Web Apps: -Programs can run in a ____________________ -No need to _______________

-browser -install

Making it Personal--Entertainment & Multimedia: What are the 3 characteristics of video game players?

-average age 32-35 years old -20% are over 50 -40% are female

History (20th century--AI): Who is Grace Hopper and what did she create?

-coined the term "bug" -created first compilers

Types & Uses of Personal Software: Individuals can choose between ____________________ & ____________ source software

-commercial -open

File Compression: File Compression _________________ disk space and makes files easier to _________________

-conserves -transfer

Third Generation Computers: What were integrated circuits like?

-contained many tiny transistors on semiconductory material (silicon) -faster, smaller, and more reliable

Windows File Properties: ________________________ created, & include file type, size, & date

Automatically

History (19th century): Who designed the Analytical Engine?

Charles Babbage

Cloud Computing: What is cloud computing? Companies are known as _________________ Service Providers (CSP)

Cloud

Windows Backup Utility--File History: The Windows backup utility is called _____________ History

File

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What is 1 example of donationware software?

Filezilla

Use Boolean Logic to Refine Searches: Who created the Boolean Logic system?

George Boole

Examples of Other Personal Computing Devices--Wearables & GPS: What does GPS stand for?

Global Positioning System

Moore's Law: Who is the creator of Moore's Law?

Gordon Moore

History (19th century): Who developed punched cards?

Joseph Marie Jacquard AKA Jacquard Loom

OS X Backup Utility--Time Machine: Access Time Machine from ____________________

Launchpad

What is a computer?

A computer is a programmable machine that converts raw data into useful information

Measurements: 8 bits = ______ byte

1

Measurements: 1 gigabyte = _________________ bytes

1 billion

Measurements: 1 megabyte = _____________ bytes

1 million

Measurements: 1 kilobyte = _____________ bytes

1 thousand

Measurements: 1 terabyte = __________________ bytes

1 trillion

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What are 2 examples of freeware software?

1) Apple iTunes 2) 7-Zip

Making Business Work--Other Types of Business Software: What are the 3 different types of business software?

1) Financial Software 2) Document Management Software 3) Project Management Software

Cloud Computing: What are 3 examples of Cloud Computing?

1) Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) 2) Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) 3) Software-as-a-Service (SaaS)

File Compression: What are the 2 types of file compression algorithms?

1) Lossy 2) Lossless

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What are 2 examples of subscription software?

1) Microsoft Office 2) Adobe Creative Cloud

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What are 3 examples of retail software?

1) Microsoft Office 2) Adobe Photoshop 3) Turbo Tax

A Place for Everything Navigating Your--Windows Computer: What are the 5 steps in using File Explorer?

1) Search box 2) Ribbon 3) File list area 4) Address bar 5) Navigation pane

A Place for Everything Navigating Your-- Mac Computer: What are the 5 steps in using Finder?

1) Sidebar 2) Toolbar 3) View Options 4) Search field 5) contents area

Online Alternative Suites: What are the 4 features of online alternative suites?

1) access through a browser 2) no installation necessary 3) access & edit files from anywhere 4) collaborate & share files

Making Business Work--Database Application: What are 4 features of database application?

1) creates & edits tables consisting of records & fields 2) produces forms for easy data entry 3) generates reports to display selected information 4) creates queries to pull out records that meet specific criteria

Making it Personal--Entertainment & Multimedia: What are 3 features of Video & Photo Editing Software?

1) edit, crop, & straighten an image 2) adjust contrast & color 3) apply a special effect

OS X File Properties: To view & modify properties in OS X: -Open __________________ -Select the _____________ -Click "Get _______________"

-Finder -file -Info

History (19th century): What is the Analytical Engine?

- a mechanical engine -has basic components of modern components -technology too limited to build it -a mechanical computer designed, but not built, in the early 19th century mathematician Charles Babbage

Binary Number System: -With 2 bits, there are 4 possible combinations of states. -What are the 4 possible combinations of states?

-10 -01 -11 -00

File Names & Extensions: File names can be up to ________ characters long--this includes the ____________________ & path to the file

-260 -extension

File Compression: What are 4 popular file compression programs?

-7-ZIP -WinRAR -WinZip -Stuffit

Use Boolean Logic to Refine Searches: What are the 3 Boolean Logic operators?

-AND -OR -NOT

Binary Code: ASCII

-ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange -uses 7 bits and represents 128 characters -with 8 bits, there are 256 different possible combinations (2^8 = 256)

Update Software: _______________ software already installed to _________ features, fix a bug, improve compatibility, or _________________ the levels of a game

-Edits -add -increase

History (20th century): Who is Alan Turing and what did he create?

-Father of Artificial Intelligence -created the Turing test

Use Spotlight in OS X to Search for Files: -What are the 2 Search Options in OS X? -search field in _______________ -______________ Center built-in search

-Finder -Help

Video Game Systems & Simulations: What are examples of game consoles?

-Microsoft Xbox Scorpio -Sony PlayStation 5

Windows Backup Utility--File History: Access File History through the ___________________ & ___________________ Control Panel

-System -Security

Making Business Work--Personal Information Manager: What is a Personal Information Manager?

-a personal information manager (PIM) manages your email, calendar, contacts & tasks, all in one place

Notebook Computers: What is a notebook computer?

-a portable personal computer AKA a laptop -may use a stylus (a digital pen)

Various Types & Characteristics of Multiuser Computers--Enterprise servers: What is 1 feature of enterprise servers?

-allow thousands of users to use the system concurrently

Default Programs: A default program is an _________________________ associated with a file through the file's _______________________

-application -extension

OS X & iOS can be set to _________________________ sync all of your ____________________ files on all your devices to the ________________

-automatically -personal -cloud

What are the functions of a computer?

-convert raw data into useful information -information processing cycle converts data collected from a customer order form into information used to fulfill the order

Notebook Computers: What are the 4 different types of portable personal computers?

-convertible notebook -tablet -notebook -subnotebook

Back Up Your Files: Backup is a ____________ of files stored in ___________________ location

-copy -another

Measuring Data: -Bits measure ____________ transfer rates

-data

Cloud Computing: What is cloud computing? Takes processing & storage off __________________ and puts it in the _______________

-desktop -cloud

Personal Computers: What are the 3 different types of personal computers?

-desktop computer -workstation -all-in-one computer

What are the 4 advantages of a Mac?

-easy to set up & use -great multimedia capabilities -secure & stable -productivity & entertainment software included

Types & Uses of Personal Software: What are the 2 features of commercial software?

-expensive -sold as suites or individual applications

Binary Code: Unicode

-extended ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange -represents more than 100,000 characters

OS X Backup Utility--Time Machine: You will need an __________________ drive or ___________________ location to store the backup

-external -network

Windows Backup Utility--File History: You will need an ___________________ drive or __________________ location to store the backup

-external -network

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What is retail software? User ___________ fee to use software for ______________________ time

-fee -unlimited

Default Program: The Default program has some ______________ types, such as MP3, can be opened by __________________ applications

-file -multiple

Measuring Data: -Bytes measure ________ size & _________________ capacity

-file -storage

Install Software--Install: Copies _______________ to a computer that may ____________ settings & ______________ new files

-files -alter -create

A Place for Everything Navigating Your--Mac Computer: Finder is used to ________________ & ____________________ files, folders, & apps on a Mac

-find -organize

Use Boolean Logic to Refine Searches: The NOT Boolean operator includes the ____________ word and NOT the _________________

-first -second

History (19th century): Who is Ada Lovelace and what did she do?

-first programmer -created programs for Analytical Engine

Creating & Using Folders: Folders can be created on ________________ drives and _________________ storage

-flash -cloud

A Place for Everything Navigating Your--Computer: A ___________________ is a container used to ___________________ files on your computer

-folder -organize

Back Up to the Cloud: Cloud backup offers _________________ personal storage of ______ or ______ GB

-free -1 -2

Notebook Computers: What is a convertible notebook?

-has a swivel screen -a type of notebook computer that has a screen that can swivel to fold into what resembles a notepad

Notebook Computers: What is a tablet?

-has pre-installed mobile apps -a handheld mobile device that falls somewhere between a notebook and a smartphone

Examples of Other Personal Computing Devices--Wearables & GPS: What are the 4 things wearables are used for?

-health monitoring -communication -military operations -entertainment

Making Business Work--Other Types of Business Software: What are the 3 features of financial software?

-helps keep track of expenses & taxes -tracks invoicing, payroll, & inventory -generates reports & graphs

Video Game Systems & Simulations: What are the 6 features of game consoles?

-high-end processors -high-end graphics capabilities -play movies & music -online game play -browse the Internet -use a game controller

Making Business Work--Office Application Suites: What are 3 work office application suites?

-include several applications designed to work together -enable collaboration -save files in multiple formats

What are the 3 advantages of a Chromebook?

-inexpensive -relies on web apps & cloud storage -fast & secure for everyday computing tasks

Distributed & Grid Computing: What is volunteer computing?

-large-scale form of distributed computing -harnesses the power of hundreds or thousands of computers

What are the 5 advantages of a PC?

-less expensive for similar configuration -can run many versions of Windows & Linux -more configuration choices -preferred platform in most businesses -most computer games & only available for Windows PC

A Place for Everything Navigating Your--Computer: A ____________________ helps organize content by ___________________ files from different locations such from documents, music, pictures, videos

-library -gathering

Examples of Other Personal Computing Devices--Wearables & GPS: What are the 4 things a GPS is used for?

-location & navigation -tracking & mapping -timing -geocaching

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What is subscription software? Requires a ________________ or _________________ fee

-monthly -yearly

Second Generation Computers: What were transistors like?

-more powerful -smaller -more reliable -reprogrammed in less time

A Place for Everything Navigating Your--Windows Computer: File Explorer is used to _____________________ your file system in a ____________________ system

-navigate -Windows

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What is freeware software? Can be used at _________ cost for _____________________ time

-no -unlimited

Types & Uses of Personal Software: What are the 3 features of open source software?

-no fee -source code is published & made available to the public -anyone can copy, modify, & redistribute it without paying fees

Moore's Law: What is Moore's Law?

-observation made by Gordon Moore -number of transistors that could be placed on an integrated circuit doubled every 2 years -prediction of continued exponential growth -current trend is closer to 18 months -affects processing speeds & storage capacity of modern electronic devices

Ergonomics: What are the 5 components of ergonomic proper workspace?

-proper posture -use a foot rest -elbows on arm rest bent at 90 degrees -monitor below eye level -frequent breaks

Uninstall Software: Properly ________________ files, folders, & settings associated with a ___________________

-remove -program

First Generation Computers: What were the first generation computers vacuum tubes like?

-resembled incandescent light bulbs -emitted a lot of heat -unreliable -massive in size -used manual switches to process data

Windows File Properties: To view properties: ________________ click on the file & click _____________________

-right -Propertie

Cloud Storage: Microsoft One Drive can _____________ files directly from Microsoft Office ___________

-save -apps

Creating & Using Folders: A good folder _____________ enables the quick __________________ of a file

-scheme -retrieval

Making Business Work--Personal Information Manager: What are 2 features of Personal Information Manager?

-shares calendars -facilitates scheduling meetings

Notebook Computers: What is a notebook?

-smallest type of notebook -a portable personal computer AKA a laptop

Examples of Other Personal Computing Devices--Mobile Devices: What are 2 examples of mobile devices?

-smartphones -tablets

Assess a Computer System for Software Compatibility--Will It Run? System Requirements: System requirements for __________________ described on the package or software _________________

-software -webpage

File Names & Extensions: File names may include ________________ & __________________ characters

-spaces -special

Explain Ubiquitous Computing & Convergence--Embedded Computers: What are embedded computers?

-specialized computers -Internet of Things (loT) -connection of the physical world to the Internet

Assess a Computer System for Software Compatibility--Will It Run? System Requirements: Minimum hardware & software ________________________ the computer must meet to run the ___________________

-specifications -program

File Compression--Lossless: Lossless is for files that contain ______________ & __________________

-text -numbers

Binary Number System: Bit

-the smallest unit of digital information -8 bits = 1 byte

Notebook Computers: What is a subnotebook?

-thin and light with a high-end processor -a notebook computer that is thin and light and has high-end processing and video capabilities

Making it Personal--Educational & Reference: Software to study, plan, & design anything of interest to you such as ___________ planning, ______________________, home & ________________________ design

-trip -genealogy -home & landscape design

Back Up to the Cloud: ______________________ storage for a monthly or annual _________________________

-unlimited -subscription

First Generation Computers: What did first generation computers use?

-used vacuum tubes

Types & Uses of Personal Software: What are 5 features of personal software?

-word processing -spreadsheet application -database application -presentation software -personal information management (PIM) application

Making Business Work--Word Processing: What are 5 features of word processing?

1) formats text 2) spelling & grammar checkers 3) graphics--insert & format images 4) text organizational tools--tables & lists 5) page layout--headers, footers, page numbers, & margins

Compare Various Ways of Obtaining Software--Where to Get It--Licensing: What are 4 characteristics of a Proprietary License?

1) grants a LICENSE 2) ownership remains with the software publisher 3) found on most commercial software 4) most restrictive in terms of distribution & installation

Compare Various Ways of Obtaining Software--Where to Get It--Licensing: What are 3 characteristics of an Open Source License?

1) grants ownership 2) source code must be freely available 3) can be modified and redistributed

Making Business Work--Other Types of Business Software: What are 2 features of Document Management Software?

1) keeps track of all documents in a business -ensures that the right people have access to correct versions of files

File Names & Extensions: What are the 2 file name parts?

1) name 2) extension

Binary Number System: What are the 2 possible states of binary code?

1) on/off 2) 1/0 3) yes/no

Various Types & Characteristics of Multiuser Computers--small & midrange computers: What are 3 characteristics of small & midrange computers?

1) perform complex calculations 2) store customer information & transactions 3) host an email system

Video Game Systems & Simulations: What are the 4 features of handheld games?

1) portable 2) listen to music and view photos and movies 3) chat & access Internet over cellular or wireless networks 4) 3D photo & graphic capability

Various Types & Characteristics of Multiuser Computers--Mainframes: What are 2 characteristics of mainframes?

1) process millions of transactions a day 2) have largely been replaced by enterprise servers

Compare Various Ways of Obtaining Software--Where to Get It--Licensing: What are 2 forms of licensing?

1) proprietary 2) open source license

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What are 6 ways in which to obtain software?

1) retail 2) subscription 3) freeware 4) shareware 5) donationware 6) freemium

Explain Ubiquitous Computing & Convergence: What are 10 examples of convergence?

1) smartphones 2) cell phones 3) personal information management tools 4) email 5) web browsing 6) document editing 7) MP3 players 8) cameras 9) GPS 10) games

Making Business Work--Presentation Software: Presentation software creates, edits, & rearranges slides that contain what 5 things?

1) text 2) video & animation 3) slide transitions 4) graphics 5) audio

Making Business Work--Spreadsheet Application: What are 5 characteristics of spreadsheet application?

1) the intersection of a row & column is a cell 2) a statistical analysis tool 3) creates charts or graphs 4) sorts, filters, & rearranges data 5) can be customized

Making It Personal--Finance & Tax Preparation: What are the 4 features of finance & tax preparation?

1) track a bank account 2) monitor an investment 3) create & balance a budget 4) file an income tax

Supercomputers: What are 4 characteristics of supercomputers?

1) very expensive 2) designed to perform limited number of tasks as quickly as possible 3) perform complex mathematical calculations (weather forecasting, medical research) 4) can be a single computer with multiple processes or a group of computers working together

Online Alternative Suites: Free websites that offer easy-to-use interfaces with what 4 things?

1) word processing 2) spreadsheet 3) presentation 4) communication applications

Second Generation Computers: When did transistors replace vacuum tubes?

1947

Third Generation Computers: When were transistors developed?

1960s

Moore's Law: When was the prediction of Moore's Law made?

1965

Fourth Generation Computers: When did micro-processors emerge?

1970s

Use Boolean Logic to Refine Searches: Boolean Logic was created in the __________ century

19th

Making Business Work--Database Application: Database application does what?

Creates & manages a collection of related records organized into 1 or more tables

Assess a Computer System for Software Compatibility--Will It Run? System Requirements: Software purchased in a store may require ___________ drive for installation

DVD

Fourth Generation Computers: What is the ENIAC?

ENIAC was the first working, digital, general purpose computer

Back Up to the Cloud: Cloud backup is the use of ____________________ backing services

Internet

Fourth Generation Computers: What did fourth generation computers use?

Micro-processors

History (19th century): What do punch cards do?

Punch cards create textile patterns in a Jacquard loom

Creating & Using Folders: Folders can be created in the ________________ _______ dialog box

Save As

Various Types & Characteristics of Multi-user Computers--servers: Servers provide what 2 services?

Servers provide services such as Internet access & email to a client system

OS X Backup Utility--Time Machine: The OS X backup utility is called ______________ Machine

Time

File Compression: Windows uses ____________ format

ZIP

Personal Computers: What is an all-in-one computer?

a compact desktop computer with an integrated monitor

Personal Computers: What is a workstation computer?

a high-end desktop computer or one that's attached

History (20th century): What is the Turing test?

a measure of a computer's ability to display intelligent behavior

Personal Computers: What is a desktop computer?

a personal computer that fits into a workspace, such as a desk or counter

History (20th century--AI): What is a compiler?

a program that converts programming code into machine language that a computer can read and execute

Examples of Other Personal Computing Devices--Wearables & GPS: What is a GPS?

a satellite-based navigation system

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What is donationware software? Developers __________________ donations

accept

Where to Get It--Free or Fee: What is freemium software?

basic mobile apps

Use Boolean Logic to Refine Searches: The AND Boolean operator includes ______________ words

both

Cloud Computing: What does PaaS do? Facilitates _____________________ between developers

collaboration

Fourth Generation Computers: What were micro-processors like?

complex integrated circuits that contain the central processing unit (CPU), the brain of a computer -first microprocessor was as powerful as the ENIAC

Cloud Computing: What does IaaS do? Reduces the __________ cost for hardware, software, & personnel

cost

Making Business Work--Presentation Software: What does work presentation software do?

creates electronic presentations that enable the displaying of facts, figures, & ideas on slides

Making Business Work--Spreadsheet Application: What does a spreadsheet application do?

creates electronic worksheets composed of rows & columns

Making Business Work-Word Processing: What does word processing do?

creates, edits, & formats documents

Cloud Computing: What is SaaS? The _____________________ of applications over the Internet

delivery

Making Business Work--Presentation Software: Presentation software may also do what?

design templates

Examples of Other Personal Computing Devices--Wearables & GPS: What are wearables?

devices worn on the body

Assess a Computer System for Software Compatibility--Will It Run? System Requirements: Software purchased online can be ________________________

downloaded

Windows File Properties: Organize, sort, & find files more ________________

easily

Use Boolean Logic to Refine Searches: The OR Boolean operator includes ______________word

either

Cloud Computing: What is PaaS? Provides an ______________________ environment to develop, test, & deploy custom web apps

environment

Use Boolean Logic to Refine Searches: The Boolean Logic System is used to create search _________________ in Windows, most databases, & web searches

filters

Distributed & Grip Computing: What is grid computing?

form of distributed corrupting uses computers in one location

Making Business Work--Other Types of Business Software: What is a feature of Project Management Software?

helps to complete projects while keeping within budget, staying on schedule, & collaborating with others

File Compression--Lossy: Lossy contains more information than a _______________ can detect

human

Cloud Storage: OS X and iOS devices include ____________________

iCloud

Third Generation Computers: What did third generation computers use?

integrated circuits

Explain Ubiquitous Computing & Convergence--Convergence: What is convergence?

integration of technology on multi-function devices

Making it Personal--Entertainment & Multimedia: What is 1 feature of Media Management?

keeps track of & plays music, TV shows, & videos on a computer

Use Spotlight in OS X to Search for Files: Spotlight can be accessed by clicking the ______________________ glass

magnifying

File Compression--Lossless: Lossless can be decompressed with ________ loss of data

no

Windows Backup Utility--File History: File History is ____________ by default

off

Back Up Your Files: Use __________________ backup services for security

online

Cloud Computing: What is Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)? The use of _____________ in the cloud

servers

Use Spotlight in OS X to Search for Files: Siri is an intelligent ______________________ assistant app

personal

Use Windows to Search for Files: Cortana-Windows built-in ___________________ assistant

personal

Default Programs: The default program allows you to open, view, & edit the file in the __________________ used to create it

program

File Compression--Lossless: Lossless takes advantage of ___________________ information

redundant

Second Generation Computers: What was the impact of transistors?

revolutionized the electronics industry

Creating & Using Folders: Folders create a unique organizational ________________

scheme

Use Spotlight in OS X to Search for Files: Spotlight _________________ files & folders, contacts, & other objects

searches

File Compression: File Compression is the process of making files __________________

smaller

Explain Ubiquitous Computing & Convergence: What does ubiquitous mean?

something that is everywhere

Distributed & Grid Computing: What is distributed computing?

spreading processing tasks across multiple computers

File Compression--Lossy: Using lossy, a ____________________ amount of data is discarded

substantial

Second Generation Computers: What did second generation computers use?

transistors

Back Up Your Files: Use backup __________________ to make it easy

utilities

Cloud Computing: What does SaaS do? Most __________________ to users (access to email & Facebook)

visible