MIDTERM :)

Qafzeh Cave, Israel

The remains exhibit a mix of archaic and modern traits. They were initially regarded as transitional from Neanderthals to modern humans, or as hybrids between Neanderthals and modern humans

Shanidar Cave

The remains of ten Neanderthals, dating from 35,000 to 65,000 years ago, have been found within the cave.

Meadowcroft Rochshelter

The site, a rock shelter in a bluff overlooking Cross Creek. earliest known evidence of human presence and the longest sequence of continuous human occupation in the New World.

Solutrean Hypothesis

a hypothesis about the settlement of the Americas that claims Europeans may have been among the earliest settlers of the Americas.

Beringia

an ancient land bridge roughly 1,000 miles wide at its greatest extent, which connected Asia with North America at various times during the Pleistocene ice ages.

Aurignacian

archaeological culture of the Upper Palaeolithic. produced some of the earliest known cave art. First modern humans in Europe.

Skhul Cave, Israel

area where Neanderthals - present in the region from 200,000 - 45,000 years ago - lived alongside these humans dating to 100,000 years ago

Grand Dolina

cave site in the Sierra de Atapuerca region of central Spain. Gran Dolina represents the longest occupied, with occupations dated from the Lower and Middle Paleolithic periods of human history.

Venus Figurines

collection of prehistoric statuettes of women made during the Paleolithic Period

Chauvet, France

contains the earliest known and best preserved figurative cave paintings in the worldas well as other evidence of Upper Paleolithic life.

Frison Effect

describes how sharpening the edges of stone tools changes their shape and their use.

Acheulean Tools

distinctive oval and pear-shaped "hand-axes" associated with early humans. Acheulean tools were produced during the Lower Palaeolithic era across Africa and much of West Asia, South Asia, and Europe, and are typically found with Homo erectus remains.

Blombos Cave

engraved ochre engraved bone ochre processing kits, marine shell beads,refined bone and stone tools and a broad range of terrestrial and marine faunal remains.cognitive and cultural origin of early humans .

Nauwalabila I

extensive radiocarbon dating program

Homo Erectus

extinct species of hominin that lived throughout most of the Pleistocene. walked up right.

Neanderthals

extinct species of human in the genus Homo. They are closely related to modern humans,[4][5] differing in DNA by just 0.12% Interbreed with modern humans.

Wallace Line

faunal boundary line drawn in 1859 by the British naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace that separates the ecozones of Asia and Wallacea, a transitional zone between Asia and Australia.

Schöningen, Germany

four ancient wooden spears found in an opencast mine. The spears are about 400,000 years old , making them the world's oldest human-made wooden artifacts, as well as the oldest weapons, ever found.

Pleistocene

geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's recent period of repeated glaciations.

Moula-Guercy (France)

inference of Neanderthal cannibalism

Levallois Method

istinctive type of stone knapping developed by precursors to modern humans during the Palaeolithic period.involving the striking of flakes from a prepared core.

Megafauna

large or giant animals

Use-wear analysis

method in archaeology to identify the functions of artefact tools by closely examining their working surfaces and edges. It is mainly used on stone tools,

Homo Sapians

modern humans. only surviving species of the genus homo.

Clovis Culture

named after distinct stone tools found at sites near Clovis, New Mexico. characterized by the manufacture of "Clovis points" and distinctive bone and ivory tools.

Herto, Ethiopia

oldest known modern human fossils. a new subspecies, Homo sapiens idaltu.

Hunting Magic

practices of magic associated with hunting in hunter-gatherer cultures

Refugia

An area inhabited by one or more relict species

Newnans Lake

Archaic Period Indian Tribes. The discovery led to the site's addition to the National Register of Historic Places in March 2001.[3]

Sahul

Australia

Kebara Cave

Israeli limestone cave famous for its excavated finds of hominid remains, made under the direction of Professor Ofer Bar-Yosef.

Sima de los Huesos, Atapuerca

It contains several caves, where fossils and stone tools of the earliest known Hominins in West Europe have been found, belonging to the species Homo antecessor (or Homo erectus antecessor) and Homo heidelbergensis.

Kennewick, Washington

Kennewick Man is the name for the remains of a prehistoric man found on a bank of the Columbia River in 1996. The remains are notable for their age (some 9,300 years), and also for having Caucasoid features, despite almost certainly being indigenous.

Boxgrove, UK

Numerous Acheulean flint tools and remains of animals (some butchered) dating to around 500,000 years ago were found at the site. The area was therefore used by some of the earliest occupants of the British Isles. Remains of Homo heidelbergensis were found on the site in 1994.

La Cotte de St. Brelade

Paleolithic site of early habitation in St Brelade, Jersey.Neanderthals lived there.

Zhoukoudian, China

Site of one of the first specimens of Homo erectus, dubbed Peking Man,

Paleoindian

Small, nomadic groups of people, known as Paleoindians, were some of the first humans to live in Alabama

Zafarraya

The find was one of the first pieces of definite evidence showing that the presence of Neanderthals and modern humans overlapped.

Homo afarensis

The most famous fossil is the partial skeleton named Lucy. small brain size, prognathic face. Found in eastern africa.

Monte Verde

This dating adds to the evidence showing that the human settlement of the Americas pre-dates the Clovis culture by roughly 1000 years.

Dolnı´ Veˇ stonice

Upper Paleolithic archaeological site near the village of Dolní Věstonice, Moravia in the Czech Republic. abundant source of prehistoric artifacts (especially art) dating from the Gravettian period

Fertility Magic

Venus figurines: exceptionally large breasts, belly and hips, perhaps symbols of fertility, relatively small head and little detail on the rest of the body.

Wallacea

a biogeographical designation for a group of mainly Indonesian islands separated by deep water straits from the Asian and Australian continental shelves.

Sunda

a group of islands in the Malay archipelago.[1]

Solutrean

relatively advanced flint tool-making style of the Upper Palaeolithic

Pinnacle Point, South Africa

revealed occupation by Middle Stone Age people between

Homo habilus

similar to modern humans of all species in the genus Homo. smaller then modern humans. extinct ancestor.

Amud Cave

site in Israel known for its human remains. Neanderthal site.

Mousterian

style of predominantly flint tools (or industry) associated primarily with Homo neanderthalensis and dating to the Middle Paleolithic

Richard Klien

supports the view that modern behavior arose suddenly in the Upper Paleolithic revolution

Lake Mungo

the discovery of the remains of Mungo Man, the oldest human remains found in Australia,[2] Mungo Lady, the oldest human remains in the world to be ritually cremated

Homo floresiensis

the hobbit. discovered in 2003 on the island of Flores in Indonesia.

Magdalenian

the later cultures of the Upper Paleolithic in western Europe, dating from around 17,000 to 12,000 years ago.[1] It is named after the type site of La Madeleine,

Vindija Cave, Croatia

the site of one of the best preserved remains of Neanderthals fossils in the world, found in 1974

Upper Paleolithic

the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age