Midterm Exam Chapters 1-8

Which of the following statements describes variable work schedules?

Employees grow resentful and powerless as a result of variable work schedules

Which of the following is a cultural dimension identified by Hofstede? a. Ethical idealism b. Groupthink c. Power distance d. Workforce diversity e. Consumer behavior

c. Power distance

Oversight of a public corporation by its board of directors is referred to as a. board isolation. b. deontological overview. c. corporate governance. d. pricing policy. e. profit maximization.

c. corporate governance.

An ice cream maker requires approximately two months from the time a new flavor is selected in the corporate board room until the time it is produced and available to consumers in stores. This time frame is referred to as a. competitive advantage time. b. information technology time. c. cycle time. d. production time. e. made-to-order time.

c. cycle time.

Which dimension of self-efficacy refers to beliefs about the degree to which similar tasks can be accomplished? a. magnitude b. strength c. generality d. power e. corporality

c. generality

The human resource approach to motivation assumes that a. employees are economically motivated. b. employees will achieve their security needs. c. meaningful employee contributions are valuable to individuals and the organization. d. illusory employee contributions are valuable to individuals and the organization. e. None of these are correct.

c. meaningful employee contributions are valuable to individuals and the organization.

Which of the following is NOT a type of value? a. Intrinsic b. Extrinsic c. primary d. Terminal e. Instrumental

c. primary

Jim has the ability to balance anxiety fear and anger and still get the job done. Jim possesses which component of emotional intelligence? a. self-awareness b. locus of control c. self-management d. empathy e. self-motivation

c. self-management

By focusing on organizational behavior, a business seeks to understand how a. organizational systems shape employee behavior. b. organizational structures shape employee behavior. c. organizational processes shape employee behavior. d. organizational decisions shape employee behavior. e. All of these are correct.

e. All of these are correct.

Job enlargement involves the process of horizontal jobs loading, meaning that

the employee is assigned tasks with more responsibility

Job characteristics theory include all of the following core dimensions EXCEPT

....

______________ is an essential component of all groups.

......

What is the likely impact of perquisites on the employees who receive them?

An elevated sense of status in the organization

people who are impatient and ambitious are said to have what personality type? a. Type A b. Type B c. Machiavellian d. Disagreeable e. Closed-minded

a. Type A

If all students in a particular course receive high grades, it is an example of _______________. a. attribution. b. distinctiveness. c. consensus. d. consistency. e. congruence.

a. attribution.

People with the learning style of ______ exhibit an inferior ability in interpersonal learning settings. a. convergers b. divergers c. accommodators d. assimilators e. investigators

a. convergers

A manager who schedules regular department meetings to provide relevant information to employees is demonstrating strong a. interpersonal skills. b. technical skills. c. diagnostic skills. d. conceptual skills. e. leadership skills.

a. interpersonal skills.

Burnout a. is most frequently found among high achievers. b. occurs when the worker enrolls in stress management programs. c. occurs when a worker puts too little of himself or herself into the job. d. is more common among women than men. e. is found more often in Type b personalities.

a. is most frequently found among high achievers.

Managers should place individuals with a _____ tolerance for ambiguity in well-defined and regulated tasks. a. low b. medium c. high d. any of these are correct. e. all of these are correct.

a. low

According to the human relations approach, offering employees _____________ is the best way to enhance motivation in the workplace. a. self-direction b. the illusion of self-direction c. opportunities for advancement d. increased compensation e. longer vacations

a. self-direction

Which of the following is a component of cultural competence? a. Awareness of one's own cultural worldview b. Attitude toward cultural differences c. Knowledge of different worldviews and cultural practices d. Cross-cultural skills e. All of these are correct

b. Attitude toward cultural differences

Bodily kinesthetic intelligence would be most important for people in which of the following jobs? a. managers b. Engineers c. Doctors d. Authors e. Firefighters

b. Engineers

________________ stress can result in unexpected negative effects, such as boredom and apathy. a. Too much b. Too little c. Functional d. Dysfunctional e. None of these are correct.

b. Too little

As a manager, if you want to increase your subordinates' job satisfaction, focus first on __________________. a. reducing workload. b. improving the nature of the work itself. c. changing the location of the office. d. institute a new training program. e. increase the number of performance evaluations conducted.

b. improving the nature of the work itself.

Sara tries to always be on time for work because she once saw her supervisor give someone an award for good attendance. Sara is exhibiting learning through a. avoidance. b. positive reinforcement. c. punishment. d. extinction. e. a stimulus-response mechanism

b. positive reinforcement.

______ have a learning style where they tend to focus on the logical soundness and preciseness of ideas rather than the ideas' practical values. a. Convergers b. Divergers c. Accommodators d. Assimilators e. Investigators

d. Assimilators

Which of the following is the most appropriate when a manager realizes he or she has inadvertently been rewarding a behavior he or she wants to discourage? a. Positive reinforcement b. Negative reinforcement c. Punishment d. Extinction e. Classical conditioning

d. Extinction

Which of the following strategies focuses on company expansion, either organically or through acquisitions? a. Differentiation b. Cost leadership c. Specialization d. Growth e. Domination

d. Growth

Scientific management achieved which of the following? a. It decreased the monotony of work. b. It was eagerly accepted by workers. c. It gave workers control over their jobs. d. It increased productivity. e. It saw wide use for more than a century.

d. It increased productivity.

Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe technology? a. Technology is a major driver for organizational change. b. Technology has widespread effects on the behavior of people in the organization. c. Technology provides a competitive advantage. d. Technology combines and transforms resources into outcomes. e. Technology is causing a shift toward a service-based economy.

d. Technology combines and transforms resources into outcomes.

A __________ provides an organization an edge over rivals. a. cultural privilege b. business bias c. personal talent d. competitive advantage e. monopoly

d. competitive advantage

A ____________________ reinforcement schedule is one in which the desired behavior is reinforced after a certain amount of time has passed. a. variable-interval b. variable-ratio c. fixed-interval d. fixed ratio e. contiuous

d. fixed-ratio

Organizations pursuing a differentiation strategy often try to develop a competitive advantage based on product a. intervention. b. integration. c. initiation. d. innovation. e. integrity.

d. innovation.

Which of the following is a dimension of diversity? a. Age b. Gender c. Sexual orientation d. Mental abilities e. All of these are correct

e. All of these are correct

The Two-factor Theory was developed by which of the following theorists? a. David McClelland b. Douglas McGregor c. Clay Alderfer d. Abraham Maslow e. Frederick Herzberg

e. Frederick Herzberg

The start-up phase of team implementation includes which of the following? a. Frustration and confusion about the new situation b. Extreme confidence and cohesion c. Intense team loyalty d. Teams think of themselves as a unite. e. Informational or "awareness" training

e. Informational or "awareness" training

Which of the following is a basic cause of stress in organizations? a. Life change b. Life trauma c. Intrinsic demands d. extrinsic demands e. Physical demands

e. Physical demands

allowing an employee to spend part of their time working off-site, usually at home, is called

e. none of theses are correct

The primary job of ____ is to create new products, processes, or businesses. a. interdisciplinary teams b. quality circles c. problem-solving teams d. work teams e. venture teams

e. venture teams

The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) receently upheld a decision regarding pay secrecy that states that

employers cannot enforce a rule that forbids employees from discussing their salaries.

Which theory serves as the basis for job enrichment?

two factory theory