Midterm Project Information System

What statement is true regarding a return on investment or ROI? a. It is always a percentage. b. It is always a positive number. c. It is the result of adding the project costs to the profits. d. The lower it is, the better.

A. It is always a percentage.

Which process in project schedule management involves identifying the specific tasks that the project team members and stakeholders must perform to produce the project deliverables? a. defining activities b. sequencing activities c. developing the schedule d. estimating activity durations

A. defining activities

The project stakeholder management knowledge area maps to which process group by identifying stakeholders? a. initiating b. planning c. executing d. monitoring and controlling

A. initiating

Which type of dependencies are inherent in the nature of work being performed on a project? a. mandatory b. discretionary c. external d. random

A. mandatory

. What is a table that lists requirements, their various attributes, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all are addressed referred to as? a. requirements traceability matrix b. Gantt chart c. state transition table d. entity-attribute-value model

A. requirements traceability matrix

What is the first step in the planning process? a. tie the information technology strategic plan to the organization's overall strategic plan b. perform a business area analysis c. start defining potential IT projects in terms of their scope, benefits, and constraints d. choose which projects to do and assigning resources to work on them

A. tie the information technology strategic plan to the organization's overall strategic plan

Which process includes measuring progress toward project objectives and taking corrective action to match progress with the plan? a. Planning b. Monitoring and controlling c. Executing d. Initiating

B. Monitoring and Controlling

Which process is undertaken to reduce the probability of negative consequences associated with project risks? a. Performance reports b. Preventive actions c. Defect repairs d. Corrective actions

B. Preventive actions

Martha works as a project manager at a bank. Due to certain changes in external factors, Martha needs to make a few alterations in the tactical goals of her project. In such a scenario, which of the following will best help Martha cope with the change? a. Negotiation b. Project environment knowledge c. Motivation d. Soft skills

B. Project environment knowledge

. In organizational culture, what does control refer to? a. The degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment b. The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee employee behavior c. The degree to which management focuses on outcomes rather than on techniques and processes used to achieve results d. The degree to which employees are encouraged to be aggressive, innovative, and risk seeking

B. The degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee employee behavior

Which document contains a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project? a. project charter b. business case c. project scope statement d. work breakdown structure

D. Work breakdown structure

. Individual projects always address strategic goals whereas portfolio management addresses tactical goals

False

Corrective actions reduce the probability of negative consequences associated with project risks, while preventive actions should result in improvements in project performance.

False

Decisions and actions taken in one knowledge area at a certain time rarely affect other knowledge areas

False

Milestones are easy to achieve and are always achieved through one main activity.

False

Questions about how a team will track schedule performance is related to a project's scope.

False

Responsibility assignment matrices and project organizational charts are examples of tools used in procurement management

False

Start-to-finish relationships are the most frequently used dependencies between activities.

False

The only responsibility of a project manager is to meet the specific scope, time, and cost goals of a project.

False

To be a successful manager, the only skills an IT project manager needs to possess are excellent technical skills

False

2. Change requests are always made in writing

True

What is the first process involved in project schedule management? a. defining activities b. estimating activity durations c. planning schedule management d. sequencing activities

C. planning schedule management

In a Gantt chart, thick black bars represent milestones achieved in a project.

False

It is much more expensive to make major changes to a project during the earlier phases

False

Project managers should lead projects in isolation in order to truly serve the needs of the organization

False

Project scope statements must include the project boundaries, constraints, and assumptions.

False

The project organizational structure is the most efficient choice for most IT projects

False

Network diagrams are the preferred technique for showing activity sequencing

True

Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from various functional areas working on their projects

True

Some organizations initiate projects using a contract in place of a project charter.

True

Standards and guidelines to follow when performing project management must be devised by top management

True

The introduction of new software makes basic tools, such as Gantt charts and network diagrams, inexpensive and easy to create

True

Which of the following is true of a matrix organizational structure? a. In a matrix organizational structure, employees are organized into departments according to their skills, and there is little interaction between employees from different departments. b. Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from only a single functional area working on their projects. c. In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority. d. A matrix organizational structure is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO

C. In a strong matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.

Which statement is true of project management? a. It is a simple discipline with a limited scope. b. It has specific tools which work universally across all kinds of projects. c. It does not guarantee successes for all projects. d. Its framework consists solely of project management knowledge areas.

C. It does not guarantee successes for all projects.

What processes include defining and authorizing a project or project phase? a. Initiating b. Planning c. Executing d. Monitoring and controlling

A. Initiating

Which term refers to a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as part of a project? a. Deliverable b. Input c. System d. Resource

A. Deliverable

A Gantt chart is a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a ____ format. a. calendar b. line graph c. bar graph d. pie chart

A. calendar

Which dependencies involve relationships between project and non-project activities? a. mandatory b. discretionary c. external d. inherent

C. external

Which statement best describes outsourcing? a. An organization selling its products in a market outside its domestic market b. An organization's acquisition of goods and services from an outside source c. An organization setting up manufacturing and retailing facilities in a new country d. An organization's use of virtual teams with employees located in different countries

B. An organization's acquisition of goods and services from an outside source

Which knowledge area involves defining and managing all the work required to complete the project successfully? a. Project resource management b. Project scope management c. Project time management d. Project cost management

B. Project Scope Management

Which is a disadvantage for virtual teams compared to traditional teams? a. Increased costs for office space and support b. Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information c. Limited flexibility in team working hours d. Reduced dependence on technology and processes for accomplishing work

B. Reduced opportunities for informal transfer of information

Which section of the project management plan provides the planned cost of deliverables? a. objectives b. budget c. risk d. technical

B. budget

Project procurement management mainly involves: a. making effective use of the people involved with the project. b. buying goods and services for a project from outside the performing organization. c. generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information. d. identifying and analyzing stakeholder needs while managing and controlling their engagement.

B. buying goods and services for a project from outside the performing organization.

In project schedule management, which process generates the main outputs of an activity list, activity attributes, and a milestone list? a. sequencing activities b. defining activities c. resource estimating activities d. estimating activity durations

B. defining activities

In project schedule management, what is the next step after defining project activities? a. planning schedule management b. determining their dependencies c. controlling the schedule d. estimating activity duration

B. determining their dependencies

Which dependencies are sometimes referred to as soft logic and should be used with care because they may limit later scheduling options? a. mandatory b. discretionary c. external d. inherent

B. discretionary

Which approach to product development is currently used by many organizations so a predictive set of steps is used as an overall means to coordinate more detailed steps that are adaptively managed? a. Adaptive b. Hybrid c. Predictive d. Incremental

B. hybrid

In project schedule management, which is an output of controlling the schedule? a. activity duration estimate b. project management plan update c. activity attribute d. milestones list

B. project management plan update

In project schedule management, which process primarily involve identifying and documenting the relationships between project activities? a. defining activities b. sequencing activities c. planning schedule management d. estimating activity durations

B. sequencing activities

Which term refers to the difference between planned and actual performance? a. Decomposition b. Variance c. Scope validation d. Scope creep

B. variance

. _____ refers to a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization. a. Chain of command b. Line of control c. Organizational culture d. Organizational structure

C. Organizational culture

Which organization provides certification as a Project Management Professional? a. PMS b. PMC c. PMI d. PMP

C. PMI

The _____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype, using tools such as computer-aided software engineering, joint requirements planning, and joint application design to facilitate rapid prototyping and code generation. a. prototyping life cycle b. waterfall life cycle c. RAD life cycle d. spiral life cycle

C. RAD life cycle

Which of the following is true of program managers? a. They report to project managers who represent the next level in the hierarchy. b. They recognize that managing a program is simpler than managing a project. c. They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program. d. They are responsible solely for the delivery of project results

C. They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program.

6. In which of the following areas of management is payback analysis most likely to be used? a. Resource b. Communication c. Cost d. Quality

C. cost

What is the main technique used in creating a WBS, which involves subdividing project deliverables into smaller pieces? a. conglomeration b. accumulation c. decomposition d. catalyzation

C. decomposition

In project schedule management, the ultimate goal of which process is to provide a basis for monitoring project progress for the time dimension of the project? a. defining activities b. sequencing activities c. developing a schedule d. estimating activity resources

C. developing a schedule

. In Rizzati Corp, vice presidents in departments such as engineering, manufacturing, IT, and human resources report directly to the chief executive officer and undertake their tasks independently of each other. The staffs of these departments have specialized skills in their respective disciplines. Which type of organizational structure does Rizatti Corp have? a. Project b. Symbolic c. Matrix d. Functional

D. Functional

Which activity is a part of the Scrum planning process? a. Determining how many sprints will compose each release b. Demonstrating the product during a sprint review meeting c. Completing tasks each day during sprints d. Creating sprint backlog

D. creating sprint backlog

The project scope management knowledge area maps to which process group through the activities of scope validation and scope control? a. initiating b. planning c. executing d. monitoring and controlling

D. monitoring and controlling

Which problem-solving approach requires defining the scope of a system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs? a. Linear programming b. Independent component analysis c. Principal component analysis d. Systems analysis

D. system analysis

Which process involves identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them? a. Prototyping b. JAD c. RAD d. Use case modeling

D. use case modeling

. The burndown chart is a Scrum created artifact that provides a list of features prioritized by business value.

False

. The importance of stakeholders' needs and expectations is limited to the beginning of a project.

False

. The kick-off meeting is always held before the business case and project charter are completed.

False

. The output of the stakeholder management strategy results is a project chart

False

. The team members of a virtual team are all of the same nationality

False

7. In order to be realistic, a project manager should always set discrete goals instead of a range of objectives.

False

A disadvantage of using Gantt charts is that they do not provide a standard format for displaying planned project schedule information

False

Agile methods are used when deliverables have a low degree of change.

False

. A schedule management plan includes information which describes the format and frequency of schedule reports required for the project.

True

A sprint review is a meeting in which the team demonstrates to the product owner what it has completed during the sprint.

True

Administrative activities, such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project, are often involved in which processes? a. monitoring and controlling b. executing c. initiating d. closing

d. closing

Enterprise project management software is also known as a _____ tool of project management software. a. baseline b. midrange c. low-end d. high-end

d. high-end

Which document is most likely to include planned project start and end dates which serve as the starting points for a detailed schedule? a. resource breakdown structure b. milestones list c. organizational process assets update d. project charter

d. project charter