MIS Chapter 9

Data Aggregator:

(data broker) a company that acquires and purchases consumer and other data from public records, retailers, internet cookie vendors, and other sources and uses it to create business intellegence that sells to companies and the government.

Static Reports:

BI documents that are fixed at the time of creation and do not change (ex: printed sales analysis)

Dynamic Reports

BI documents updated every time they are requested (Ex: accessed on a web server)

Two most prominent data brokers (aggregators):

Datalogix and Acxiom Corporation

Three common alternatives for content management applications:

In house custom, off the shelf, and public search engines.

Two functions of a BI server:

Management and Delivery

Business Intelligence (BI)

Information systems that process operational, social, and other data to identify patterns, relationships, and trends for use by business professionals and other knoledge workers.

Content Management Systems

Information systems that support the management and delivery of documents including reports, web pages, and other expressions of employee knowledge.

Granularity:

Level of detail represented by the data.

Two typical data mining tools:

Market basket analysis and decision trees.

Hadoop

Open source program supported by the Apache Foundation that implements MapReduce on potentially thousands of computers.

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)

Provides the ability to sum, count, average, and perform other simple arythmic operations on groups of data.

Hyper-social Knowledge management

The application of social media and related applications for the management and delivery of organizational knowledge resources.

Measure:

The data item of interest. (total sales, average sales, and average costs)

Expert Systems

The earliest KM Systems. Rule-based systems that encode human knowledge into if/then rules.

The Singularity

The point at which a computer system has become sophisticated enough that they can adapt and create their own software, without human assistance.

Drill Down

To further divide data into more detail.

Subscriptions

User requests for particular BI results on a particular schedule or in response to particular events.

BI Server

Web server application that is purposefully built for the publishing of business intelligence.

Reporting Application:

a BI application that inputs data from one or more sources and applies reporting operations to that data to produce business intellegence.

Dimension

a characteristic of a measure. (purchase date, customer type, customer location, and sales region)

Data mart:

a data collection, smaller than a data warehouse, that addresses the needs of a particular department or functional area of the business.

Data Warehouse:

a facility for managing an organization's BI data. Functions include: obtaining data, cleansing data, organzing and relating data, and cataloging data.

Decision Trees

a hierarchical arrangement of criteria that predict a classification or a value. (unsupervised)

RFM Analysis:

a technique readily implemented with basic reporting operations is used to analyze and rank customers according to their purchasing patterns (Recently, Frequently, Money) Grouped into scores of 1-5.

Rich Directory

an employee directory that includes not only the standard name, email, phone, and address, but also the organizational structure and expertise.

Market-Basket analysis

an unsupervised data mining technique for determining sales patterns. Shows items people typically buy together, (Cross-selling opportunity) "if they are buying X, sell them Y", (Support) probability that 2 items will be sold together

Unsupervised Data mining

analysts do not create a model or hypothesis before running the analysis.

Push Publishing:

delivers business intelligence to users without any request from the users. (Delivered accoring to a schedule)

Five Standard Components of BI Systems:

hardware, data, software, procedures, and people.

Regression analysis

measures the effect of a set of variables on another variable.

Supervised Data mining

miners develop a model prior to the analysis and apply statistical techniques to data to estimate parameters of the model.

Expert System Shells

programs that process a set of rules.

Four fundamental categories of BI Analysis:

reporting, data mining, BigData, and knowledge management.

5 Basic operations of a reporting application:

sorting, filtering, grouping, calculating, and formatting.

Cluster analysis

statistical techniques identify groups of entities that have similar characteristics.

Neural networks

supervised data mining application used to predict values and make classifications such as "good prospect" or "poor prospect" customers.

Data storytelling

technique used for presenting the results of business intelligence.

Data mining

the application of statistical techniques to find patterns and relationships among data for classification and prediction.

BI Analysis

the process of creating business intelligence.

Knowledge Management

the process of creating value from intellectual capital and sharing that knowledge with employees, managers, suppliers, customers, and others who need that capital. Benefits organizations by improving process quality and increasing team strength.

Data Acquisition

the process of obtaining, cleaning, organizing, relating, and cataloging source data.

MapReduce

the technique for harnessing the power of thousands of computers working in parallel, all doing things at the same time. Map Phase (searching pieces for something of interest) and Reduce phase (a list of all terms searched on a given day, and a count of each).