MIS4123

a local area network is:

a group of personal computers or terminals located in the same general area and connected by a common cable (communication circuit) so they can exchange information such as a set of rooms, a single building, or a set of well-connected buildings.

A backbone network is:

a high speed central network that connects other networks in a distance spanning up to several miles.

When a developer creates an application for each type of device that might be used, this is referred to as

a native app

advantages & disadvantages of tiered client-server

adv: load balancing and more scalable DisA: each tier increases network load. more complex and difficult to develop applications

advantages & disadvantages of peer-to-peer

adv: resilient to failure, data can be stored anywhere, distributes bandwidth requirements. DisA: finding the stored data

advantages & disadvantages of host-based

adv: simple and single point of control. DisA: can become a bottleneck and upgrades are typically expensive

With a client-based network, one fundamental problem is that:

all data on the server must travel to the client for processing

A network administrator has received several reports from users of the network that the intranet website on one of company servers is not accessible, but the same users are still able to retrieve their email being stored on the same server. What layer of the Internet model does this problem appear to reside at?

application

In which layer of the Internet model would the HTTP protocol be used?

application

PaaS

application logic and data are managed internally. ex: microsoft azure

Another term for the weakening of a signal over distance is:

attenuation

SaaS

based on multitenacy

A _____________ is the input-output hardware device at the end user's end of a communication circuit in a client-server network.

client

client-based

client computers perform most of the work

The ________________ clouds realize the benefits from cloud infrastructure (such as speed of deployment) with the added level of privacy and security that private clouds offer.

community

What technique is used by most videoconferencing applications to reduce the amount of data being transmitted?

compressions

peer-to-peer architecture

computers are both clients and servers and thus share the network

Wide Area networks (WANs)

connect backbone networks and MANS, span hundreds or thousands of miles, provide data transmission speeds from 56Kbps to 10Gbps, and used leased lines from IXCs like ATT, MCI, and Sprint

The ability to transmit in both directions, but only in one direction at a time is an example of _______________ transmission.

half-dupex

Taken together, the physical and data link layers are called the ____________________.

hardware layer

microwave

high frequency radio communication, requires a clear line-of-sight path, used for long distance data transmission, doesn't require the laying of any cable, and requires a line of sight between any two points

The acronym, HTML, refers to:

hypertext markup language

The protocol that makes it possible for a Macintosh web browser to be able to retrieve a Web page from a Microsoft Web server is called the _____________________.

hypertext transfer protocol

In a two-tier client-server architecture, a client computer needs to use an application layer software package called a ________________ to send e-mail:

mail user agent

A MOOC is an example of a(n)

massive online technology

Which of the following is not an example of a mail user agent software package?

microsoft word

The earliest type of fiber optic systems were:

multimode

A(n) ___________ divides one high-speed communication circuit into several lower speed circuits for the primary reason of saving communication line costs.

multiplexer

The _________ layer is responsible for routing of messages from the sender to the final destination.

network layer

Networks that are designed to connect similar computers that share data and software with each other are called:

peer-to-peer networks

A junior network administrator has used the wrong cable type to connect his/her computer to the administrative port on a router and cannot establish a terminal session with the device. What layer of the Internet model does this problem appear to reside at?

physical

Which of the following correctly represents order of the seven layers of the OSI model from layer 1 to layer 7?

physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application

network layer

3rd layer. responsible for routing messages from the source computer to the destination computer. layer of the internet model uses the IP protocol to route messages through the network. performs the same functions in both the OSI and Internet Models

transport layer

4th layer. TCP is responsible for breaking large files received from the application layer into smaller messages and opening a connection to a serve for transferring them. also, responsible for ensuring: flow control of packets so no trouble processing and end-to-end issues

advantages & disadvantages of client-based

Adv: less expensive and simple DisA: data must travel back and forth between clients and servers

advantages & disadvantages client-server

Adv: more efficient, allows hardware/software from different vendors to be used together, less bandwidth. DisA: can be challenges, middleware is required

characteristics of a sound wave

Amplitude, frequency and phase

Which of the following is not a data link layer standard?

HTTP

The Internet standards organization that will allow anyone to join is __________________.

IETF

The network layer of the Internet model uses the _____________ protocol to route messages though the network.

IP

The _______ is a connection of computers and networks built into common, everyday devices.

Internet of Things

t/f: The network layer performs the same functions in both the OSI and Internet models and is responsible for routing messages from the source computer to the destination computer.

TRUE

IaaS

The cloud provider manages the hardware including servers, storage, and networking components. The organization is responsible for all the software, including operating system (and virtualization software), database software, and its applications and data.

Which of the following is not an application layer standard?

T1

t/f:Ethernet is an example of a network layer protocol.

false

_____________ can be thought of as dividing the circuit horizontally.

frequency division multiplexing

4 general functions of application programs

1. data storage 2. data access logic 3. application logic 4. presentation logic

physical layer

1st layer. concerned primarily with the transmission of bits over a communication circuit. specifically, defines the rules by connection between the sender and the receiver, and specifies the type of connection and type of signals, waves or pulses, that pass through it

data link layer

2nd layer. messages the physical transmission circuit in layer 1 and transforms it into a circuit that is free of transmission errors as far as layers above are concerned. protocols, Ethernet, T1, PPP, Frame Relay

intranet

LAN that uses the same technologies as the Internet but is open to only those inside the organization

Marc Andreessen led a team that developed the first graphical Web browser, which was called:

Mosaic

One of the most frequently used Telnet applications is

PuTTY

_________ is an application program function that deals with storing and retrieving data.

data storage

cloud computing

enabling access to computing services internally the network

The primary reason for networking standards is to:

ensure that hardware and software produced by different vendors can work together

Which of the following would be a standard or protocol used at the Data Link layer of the Internet or OSI model?

ethernet

A(n) _________ is a LAN that uses the same technologies as the Internet but is provided to invited users OUTSIDE the organization who access it over the Internet. EX: car manufacturer may give access to certain portions of its network to some of its suppliers via internet

extranet

Ethernet is an example of a network layer protocol.

false

t/f: A local area network (LAN) connects other LANs and backbone networks (BNs) located in different areas to each other and to wide area networks in a span from 3 to 30 miles.

false

t/f: A request header for an HTTP request starts with a command, such as GET, and ends with the HTTP version number that the browser understands.

false

t/f: All three parts (request line, request header, request body) of an HTTP request from a web browser to a web server are required when a request is made.

false

t/f: An application architecture is the way in which the functions of the application layer are performed solely by the clients in the network.

false

t/f: Digital transmission produces more errors than analog transmission.

false

t/f: Frequency modulation refers to the changing of the height of the sound wave.

false

t/f: In a multipoint circuit configuration, each computer has a dedicated circuit between itself and each of the other computers in the network.

false

t/f: The OSI model is currently the most widely implemented network model used to develop and build networks of any size, including the Internet itself.

false

t/f: The World Wide Web was conceived at University of Utah as part of the development of the Internet.

false

t/f: The two-tier e-mail architecture does not require any application software on the client computer.

false

t/f: To use the Web, each client computer requires a data link layer software package called a Web browser.

false

t/f: With modem communications, the receiving modem converts the incoming digital signal from the telephone line into an analog signal that can be understood by the computer.

false

The ____________ layer of the OSI model is responsible for data format translation.

presentation

With the two-tier client-server architecture, the client is responsible for the ________ logic.

presentation

The ________________ cloud deployment model provides the highest levels of control, privacy and security.

private

______________ refers to the time it takes for a signal to travel from sender to recipient (highly exaggerated with satellite transmission).

propagation delay

There are optional and required parts of an HTTP request. They are:

request line, request header, and request body

host-based architecture

server performs virtually all the work

client-server

server stores data or software that can be accessed by the clients. stores documents and graphics that can be accessed from any web browser. server may be a personal computer or a mainframe on the network. Several servers may work together over the network with a client computer to support the business application. input-output hardware device at the end user's end of a communication circuit in a client-server network

___________ is an orderly close to a dialogue between end users.

session termination

In the Internet model, the application layer corresponds to the ________ layer(s) of the OSI model.

session, presentation, and application

Protocol

set of rules that determine what a layer would do and provides a clearly defined set of messages that software at the layer needs to understand

middleware

software act as "sitting between" client and server applications, manages message transfers. enables different vendors to work together.

t/f: In the OSI model, the application layer provides a set of utilities for applications and is the end user's access to the network.

true

Time (non-statistical) division multiplexing differs from frequency division multiplexing because it:

splits the communication circuit vertically (with time slots) instead of horizontally

function of a file server

store data and software programs that can be used by client computers on the network

Which of the following is not true about de facto standards?

they never evolve into de jure standards

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for ensuring flow control so that the destination station does not receive more packets that it can process at any given time?

transport

Which layer of the OSI model is responsible for ensuring that all packets sent are received by the destination station by dealing with end-to-end issues?

transport

The _________ layer performs error checking which is redundant to some extent with the function of the _________ layer.

transport, data link

A walkie-talkie is an example of half-duplex transmission.

true

At the transport layer in the Internet model, TCP is responsible for breaking large files received from the application layer into smaller messages and opening a connection to a server for transferringthem.

true

Due to advances in high speed communication networks, the information lag, or the time it takes for information to be disseminated around the world, has been significantly shortened.

true

T/F: A car manufacturer may give access to certain portions of its network to some of its suppliers via the Internet. This is an example of an extranet.

true

t/f: Data communication standards enable each layer in the sending computer to communicate with its corresponding layer in the receiving computer.

true

t/f: In the three-tier architecture, the software on the client computer is responsible for the presentation logic, an application server is responsible for the application logic and a separate database server is responsible for the data access logic and data storage. EX: hotmail, yahoo

true

t/f: It is not uncommon for companies to end up spending more money on network management and security tasks than they do on the actual computer equipment itself.

true

t/f: Manchester encoding is a special type of bipolar signaling in which the signal is changed from high to low or from low to high in the middle of the signal.

true

t/f: Signal bandwidth is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies in a band.

true

t/f: The medium is the physical matter or substance that carries the voice or data transmission.

true

application architecture

way in which the functions of the application layer software are spread among the clients and servers in the network