Mitosis and Meiosis

If a cell has 24 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would each of its four daughter cells have after meiosis? 12 36 six 24

12

What is the ploidy of organisms that have two sets of chromosomes? 4n n 3n 2n

2n

If an organism normally has 34 chromosomes, how many molecules of DNA should there be in the G1 phase of the cell cycle? 68 136 17 34

34

During which substage of mitosis do sister chromatids break apart and start moving to opposite poles of the cell? Anaphase Metaphase Telophase Prophase

Anaphase

Which structure is directly correlated with the production of genetic variability in the daughter cells produced during meiosis? Chiasma Synapsis Centromere Tetrad

Chiasma

To which part of the centromere do mitotic spindle fibers attach during prometaphase? Kinetochore Microtubule Chromosome Centriole

Kinetochore

Which of the following statements about meiosis and mitosis is true? In mitosis and meiosis I, homologous chromosomes move independently of each other. In meiosis II and mitosis, a diploid cell divides. Each daughter cell produced during meiosis and mitosis is genetically identical to the parent cell. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that sister chromatids of each chromosome separate.

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that sister chromatids of each chromosome separate.

During which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up in the center of the cell? Telophase Anaphase Metaphase Prophase

Metaphase

What is the composition of a tetrad at the beginning of prophase I? Four different chromosomes Two pairs of homologous chromosomes Two sister chromatids One pair of homologous chromosomes

One pair of homologous chromosomes

Which of the following events would cause the cell cycle to arrest? Complete chromosome replication Synthesis of cyclins by growth factors and activation of a cyclin-Cdk complex Poor nutrient conditions Chromosomes lined up along the metaphase plate

Poor nutrient conditions

The copying of chromosomes occurs during which of the following phases of the cell cycle? M phase G2 phase G1 phase S phase

S phase

Which term describes two recently replicated DNA strands that are joined together just before cell division? Centromere Sister chromatids Centriole Centrosome

Sister chromatids

Which stage of mitosis is characterized by the disintegration of mitotic spindles and the formation of two new nuclear membranes? Prophase Telophase Metaphase Anaphase

Telophase

For the first several divisions of early frog embryos, cells proceed directly from the M phase to the S phase and back to M without gaps. Which of the following is likely to be true about dividing cells in early frog embryos? The cells get smaller with each generation. The number of chromosomes decreases with each generation. The cells do not divide by mitosis. Frog embryos do not have DNA.

The cells get smaller with each generation.

Which event does not take place before the start of mitosis? The nuclear envelope disintegrates. DNA is replicated. Organelles proliferate. The parent cell grows.

The nuclear envelope disintegrates.

What information can not be obtained from an individual's karyotype? The ploidy of the individual The sequence of bases of a particular gene The number of autosomes in the individual The types of chromosomes present in the individual

The sequence of bases of a particular gene

Which of the following is a function of the S phase in the cell cycle? The synchronization of organelle division The synthesis of sister chromatids The separation of sister chromatids The sorting of chromosomes

The synthesis of sister chromatids

Centromeres divide and sister chromatids become full-fledged chromosomes during _____. interphase telophase metaphase prometaphase anaphase

anaphase

Nucleoli are present during _____. metaphase anaphase interphase prometaphase prophase

interphase

Spindle fibers attach to kinetochores during _____. metaphase prometaphase anaphase interphase telophase

prometaphase

Chromosomes become visible during _____. interphase anaphase metaphase prophase prometaphase

prophase

Cytokinesis often, but not always, accompanies _____. telophase prometaphase metaphase interphase anaphase

telophase

uring prophase a homologous pair of chromosomes consists of _____. four chromosomes and two chromatids two chromosomes and two chromatids two chromosomes and four chromatids one chromosome and two chromatids one chromosome and four chromatids

two chromosomes and four chromatids