Module 10: Economic Geology and Resources Lab
__________________ is when a reservoir rock terminates by tapering off between two layers of impermeable rock.
A pinch out
Of the following, the best petroleum reservoir rock would be
a poorly cemented sandstone.
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #2, Question 14. Which type of hydrocarbon trap is depicted in Figure 14.11?
a simple stratigraphic trap
Which of the following is an example of a stratigraphic trap?
an angular unconformity overlaid by shale
Structural traps are caused by
deformation of the rock strata.
Examples of possible structural traps are
folds and faults
A solid organic substance found in sedimentary rocks and thought to be a precursor to oil is
kerogen.
Elevations on a structure contour map are generally relative to
mean sea level.
The organic matter, or hydrocarbon raw material, is derived primarily from
microscopic marine and aquatic organisms.
The order in which fluids settle within a reservoir rock, from top to bottom, is
natural gas, oil, and water
During the petroleum formation process, the organic matter is preserved in an
oxygen-deficient environment with an influx of fine sediment.
If a reservoir rock contains water, the oil and natural gas will
rise above the water to the top of the reservoir rock.
A sedimentary rock that frequently acts as a cap rock is
shale
A sedimentary rock that often contains large amounts of oil but is not a reservoir rock is
shale
If the data about a subsurface structure looks promising, the next step is to drill a
test well.
The contours on an isopach map represent
thickness.
Which of the following does NOT give geologists data about subsurface structures?
x-ray technology.
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #1: Question 3. At what elevations are the productive oil wells?
. 4200 and 4250 feet
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #2, Question 10. The elevation of the bottom of the Bonanza Sandstone at point X in Figure 14.11 is
1,100 feet above sea level.
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #1: Question 5. Approximately how deep beneath Earth's surface is the oil field?
3200-3350 feet
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #1: Question 4. Within what elevation range is the oil field?
4150-4300 feet
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #2, Question 32. At which point in Figure 14.12 would you, as a petroleum geologist, recommend for the test well to be drilled?
B
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #2, Question 19. Describe the thickness of the formation in Figure 14.12 based on the isopach contours.
It is more than 400-feet thick to the east and pinching out to the west near the top of a fold
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #2, Question 13. What is the geological term for what is happening at the high end of this structure?
It is pinched out.
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #2, Question 18. What kind of geologic structure has the shape depicted by the structure contour map in Figure 14.12?
a fold
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #1: Question 6. What type of petroleum trap does this appear to be?
a fold-related structural trap
Record your answer to Lab Exercise #2, Question 20. The type of trap depicted in Figure 14.12 is
a fold-related structural trap
Oil and natural gas formation require that organic material be exposed to which of the following?
lack of oxygen, pressure, and heat
A structure contour map describes
the top surface of a structure