Module 15 Plant Structure and Growth

Which of the following is a true statement?

Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.

Choose the option that best describes the relationship between the cell wall thickness of parenchyma cells versus sclerenchyma cells.

The cell walls of parenchyma cells are thinner than those of sclerenchyma cells.

One important difference between the anatomy of roots and the anatomy of leaves is that

a waxy cuticle covers leaves but is absent from roots.

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except

cambium cells.

Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to

cell elongation localized in each internode.

Which of the following have unevenly thickened primary walls that support young, growing parts of the plant?

collenchyma cells

Which structure is incorrectly paired with its tissue system?

companion cell-ground tissue

The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is primarily

elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem.

When you eat Brussels sprouts, what are you eating?

large axillary buds

A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are they?

parenchyma

Which of the following root tissues gives rise to lateral roots?

pericycle

Which of the following is incorrectly paired with its structure and function?

pericycle-waterproof ring of cells surrounding the central stele in roots

Which of the following is derived from the ground tissue system?

pith.

Plants contain meristems whose major function is to

produce more cells.

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

root hairs

Cells produced by lateral meristems are known as

secondary tissues.

Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity?

secondary xylem

Which of the following cells transport sugars over long distances?

sieve-tube elements

Gas exchange, which is necessary for photosynthesis, can occur most easily in which leaf tissue?

spongy mesophyll

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the

stele.

What effect does "pinching back" have on a houseplant?

stimulates lateral buds to grow

CO2 enters the inner spaces of the leaf through the

stoma

Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called

stomata

Additional vascular tissue produced as secondary growth in a root originates from which cells?

vascular cambium