Module 2 - Servers

1b: What're the 3 sub-stages that inputting data can be broken into?

- Acquisition: the act of acquiring - Data Entry: entering data - Validation: confirm or make valid

The priority systems included in any contingency plan (priority restoration plan) are:

- E-mail servers - DHCP servers - Domain Controllers - File servers containing mission critical information - Web servers - Specialized systems necessary in a war zone environment

What are the different types of data backup methods?

- Full - Incremental - Differential

Warm and cold site advantages include:

- Less expensive - Available for longer timeframes because of the reduced costs - Practical for proprietary hardware or software use

Warm and cold site disavantages include:

- Not immediately available - Operational testing not usually available - Resources for operations not immediately available

What're the 4 groups of client virtualization you're most likely to work with?

- Presentation virtualization - Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) - Intelligent desktop virtualization (IDV) - Application virtualization/streaming

What're the various levels of RAID?

- RAID 0 Disk Striping (Block by Block) - RAID 1 Disk Mirroring/Duplexing (block by block) - RAID 5 Disk striping with distributed parity (block level) - RAID 6 Disk striping with dual distributed parity (block level) - RAID 0+1/1+0/RAID 10 Striping and mirroring combined

Hot site advantages include:

- Ready within hours for operation - Highly available - Usually used for short-term solutions, but available for longer stays - Annual testing available

What're the benefits of client virtualization?

- Virtual desktops reduce overall IT operational costs - Allows centrall management of all virtual desktops in the data center environment thus improving efficiency - can quickly set up new VMs thus ensuring zero downtime - can quickly deploy new VMs - allows for policies removing physical connections thus improving security - apps/data are stored in data center and never leave - little concern for hardware combatibility issues

What're the 3 types of alternate sites?

- cold - warm - hot

What're the benefits of cloud computing?

- cost efficient - unlimited storage - backup and recovery - automatic software integration - easy access to information - quick deployment - scalability

Input devices are classified according to their pointing abilities, as follows:

- direct input devices - indirect pointers

What're the characteristics of cloud computing?

- on demand self service - broad network access - resource pooling - rapid elasticity - measured service

What're the benefits of RAID 6?

- performance is high for read operations - Good to use for large data transfers

What're the disadvantages of RAID 6?

- performance isn't very good for small data transfers - when writing data, it requires a larger amount of time due to the fact two parity blocks are created

What common power problems do UPS units correct?

- power failure - power sag (drop) - power surge (spike) - under voltage (brownout) - over voltage - frequency - harmonic distortion

Hot site disadvantages include:

- very expensive - limited on hardware and sofware choices

What are the 3 main characteristics of client virtualization architecture?

- where the processing takes place - what's delivered to the user - how user specific settings are managed

What concept is a process in which specific details are hidden or ignored to simplify or generalize something (i.e. location of a server) and users can execute an application without having to provision and manage the server where it resides?

Abstraction

What provides portability of the application as well as isolation from the OS, is broken down from VMs to create a sandbox for apps, and has less overhead than a standard VM?

Application cells and containers

What extends application virtualization to the data center by optimizing the package so the components needed to launch the application get delivered first and the rest of the package components are delivered on an as-needed basis?

Application streaming

What client virtualization type allows apps to run locally on the computing device but they are not installed on the device in the conventional sense, instead apps are packaged so they run inside a virtualization layer controlling access to the underlying OS?

Application virtualization

What can be used in conjunction with presentation virtualization and VDI to simplify operational management challenges thus reducing the number of applications installed directly into the operating system?

Application virtualization/streaming

What technology provides a central connection point for each blade, or as you slide them into the slot, it makes a connection to it, which provides it access to those shared components?

Backplane

What is more expensive than a traditional server and is rack mountable?

Blade enclosure

What provides power for indivdual blades, since each blade doesn't have its own power supply, thus reducing power consumption?

Blade enclosure

Since the blades are tightly packed, ... must have additional cooling to prevent overheating and damage.

Blade server enclosures

What technology allows for saving space and increasing the efficiency of the servers?

Blade technology

Hosted apps should be reachable to any network device (laptop, desktop, smartphone, tablet device, etc.) and cloud capabilities are available over the network and accessed through standard mechanisms that promote use by heterogeneous thin or thick clients are a good example of...

Broad network access

What plan provides procedures for sustaining mission/business operations while recovering from a significant disruption?

Business Continuity Plan (BCP)

What plan is one of the most important contingency plans as it focuses on restoring an organization's mission essential functions at an alternate site and performing those functions for up to 30 days before returning to normal operations?

COOP

What plan must include a strategy to recover and perform system operations at an alternate facility for an extended period?

COOP

What plans are mandated for organizations by the National Security Presidential Directives and by the Federal Executive Branch National Continuity Program and Requirements?

COOP

What virtualization is considered a type of client-server computing model because the virtualized desktop is stored on a centralized, or remote server and supports remote logon access to a specific desktop from any location with a network connection?

Client virtualization

What's defined as a virtualization technology used to separate a desktop computer environment from the physical device used to access it, is a great tool that lets multiple end users simultaneously make use of a single host device, and is often used to move workloads into isolated environments to reduce system admin requirements?

Client virtualization

3a: What's defined by the NIST as "A model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources such as networks, servers, storage, applications, and services, that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction."

Cloud computing

With ... technology, large pools of resources can be connected through private or public networks and provide dynamically scalable infrastructure and simplifies infrastructure planning for cloud-based apps, data and file storage.

Cloud computing

What alternate site consists of a facility with adequate space and infrastructure (electric power, telecoms connections, and environmental controls) to support the IT system, the organization using it is responsible for providing and installing necessary equipment as well as telecoms capabilities, and although it's the least expensive option, it takes the most time and effort to actually get up and functioning after a disaster?

Cold Site

The objective of ... is to have participating organizations realize the benefits of a public cloud along with the added level of security, privacy and policy compliance usually associated with a private cloud and be set either off or on premises.

Community cloud

Which cloud is a multi-tenant cloud service model, which is shared among various organizations and is managed, governed and secured commonly by all the participating organizations or by a 3rd party, and is a hybrid form of private cloud built and operated specifically for a targeted organization and communities?

Community cloud

What plan should prioritize the systems for the basis of protecting them from disasters and prioritizing the order for bringing those systems back online after a disaster/contingency?

Contingency Plan

What kind of planning normally applies to info systems and provides the steps needed to recover the operation of all or part of designated info systems at an existing or new location in an emergency?

Contingency planning

What plan provides procedures and guidance to sustain an organization's MEFs at an alternate site for up to 30 days; mandated by federal directives?

Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP)

What kind of planning normally applies to the mission/business itself and is concerned with the ability to continue critical functions and processes during and after an emergency event?

Continuity planning

What plan provides procedures for mitigating and correcting a cyber- attack, such as a virus, worm, or Trojan horse?

Cyber Incident Response Plan (CISR)

What data backup doesn't uncheck the archive flag for files it has backed up thus this method copies all modified files since the last full backup and enables faster restoration of data as compared to incremental backups?

Differential Backup

What data backup copies only selected files and folders changed since the last Full Backup as indicated by the archive flag, and the copied files and folders are then marked for subsequent backups regardless of whether or not that file was subsequently changed?

Differential Data Backup

Pointing is executed directly in the space where the cursor is seen. This is known as... (Examples: Touchscreen or Light Pens)

Direct input devices

4a: A sudden, unplanned event that causes great damage and loss to an organization is known as a... (EX: blackouts, blizzard, bomb threat, etc.)

Disaster

What plan provides procedures for relocating info systems operations to an alternate location?

Disaster Recovery Plan (DRP)

What's your IT response to a sudden, unplanned event that will enable your organization to continue critical business functions until normal IT-related services can resume?

Disaster recovery

Some software requires ... that must be physically attached to the system for it to function.

Dongles or hardware keys

A conditioned electrical power source providing a continuous power stream at the proper voltage, and phasing to your server room is known as a...

Electrical power supply

What private cloud type is hosted externally with a cloud provider, is facilitated with an exclusive cloud environment with a full guarantee of privacy and security, and is best suited for enterprises that don't prefer a public cloud due to the sharing of physical resources?

Externally hosted private cloud

What popular SAN transmission method connects devices within the SAN and also connects the SAN to other networks?

Fibre channel

What data backup is the starting point for all other backup and contains all files and folders, regardless of whether the data is new or was unmodified, and result in faster and simpler recovery operations but also requires the most disk space and time?

Full data backup

What provides power in the event of a prolonged interruption of utility power, must be sized according to the load they are expected to support and the length of time they are expected to support that load, and the UPS provides enough standby power to allow the generator to properly come online to service your equipment. (Uses diesel or natural gas)

Genrators

Multiple operating systems installed on VMs residing on the same host server are known as...

Guest operating systems

What RAID type includes a set of disks and a separate disk controller, is managed exclusively by the RAID disk controller attached to a server through the server's controller interface, and appears as another storage device to the OS?

Hardware RAID

What're the 2 types of RAID?

Hardware and software

What form of virtualization catches the system call and redirects it to manipulate data structures provided by the hypervisor?

Hardware emulation

What is a very well established form of virtualization that presents a software representation of the underlying hardware an OS would typically interact with and in this method, the hypervisor manages a VM by emulating an entire hardware environment; that is a piece of software pretending to be a piece of hardware?

Hardware emulation

The original operating system installed on a computer is known as the...

Host Server Operating system

What hardware varies depending on the intended use of the server, is specialized for fault tolerance using specialized hardware with low failure rates to max uptime, and runs for a long time without interruptions?

Host server hardware

What alternate site is the most expensive of the three types of offsite facilities and can have problems if a company requires proprietary or unusual hardware and software?

Hot site

What alernate sites are office spaces appropriately sized to support system requirements and fully configured, are ready to operate within a few hours, the only missing resources from it is the data (which will be retrieved from a backup site) and the people to process the data, and are a good choice for an organization needing to ensure a site is available asap.

Hot sites

What's known as a recovery box and is a tool to help aid in the process for disaster recovery, contains specific items that technical staff need if the building is not accessible to rebuild your servers and contain an up-to-date copy of the disaster recovery plan, all server software infrastructure components, and the recovery CDs that have been identified and designated for use when a disaster occurs?

Hotbox

What cloud is a combination of private and public clouds, service providers can utilize 3rd party cloud providers in a full or partial manner, thus increasing the flexibility of computing, and is well suited for providing on-demand, externally provisioned scale?

Hybrid cloud

What provides all of the components to manage virtualization: automating policy, virtual hard disks, and real time resource allocation and also manages processor resources, memory, and other system resources?

Hypervisor

What's a component of virtualization, is software that runs the VMs, controls the interaction between the VMs and the hardware that is in the physical device, and grants the ability to install or run multiple VMs, which can in turn run different operating systems, each running their own respective apps?

Hypervisor

What's responsible for granting the VMs access to the host's physical resources and is aka a Virtual machine monitor or a virtualization manager?

Hypervisor

What requires greater security especially when used with mobile PCs because data is stored locally on that PC?

IDV

What's referred to as Distributed-Desktop Virtualization, is the reverse of VDI, retains a conventional desktop PC at the endpoint running a locally installed client hypervisor to host the desktop environment, and allows for offline operation and is potentially less disruptive than VDI since it doesn't require a large data center investment?

IDV

An advantage of ... is only the files created or modified are backed up allowing the process to be faster and it requires less storage space, but its disadvantage is it's the slowest of the backup methods during the restoration process.

Incremental data backup

What data backup processes only new files or files changed since the last Full or ... Backup, saves only those files whose archive bit is checked, and after backing up these marked files, it unchecks the archive bit for every files saved?

Incremental data backup

What's similar to direct input devices, except they control a cursor and assists with manipulating data on a computer or help store data from other devices into the computer? (EX: trackball or mouse)

Indirect pointers

What plan Provides procedures and capabilities for recovering an information system?

Information System Contingency Plan (ISCP)

What service model type provides basic computing capabilities and storage as standardized services over the network, has the capability to provision processing, networks, storage and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run software which may include both apps & OS?

Infrastructure as a serivce (IaaS)

The first event in the information processing cycle is inputting the data. This involves collecting data from external sources or from within the system itself. This is known as...

Input

What devices are hardware components helping transfer info into the computer and is any peripheral (computing) device helping feed data and control signals to a computer system (EX: web cams, scanners, stylus, barcode readers)?

Input devices

What's the straightforward idea that the consumers only pay for the resources they consume, and the cloud provider can measure the storage levels, processing, and bandwidth used and the consumers are billed appropriately?

Measured Service

What site is one of the most expensive backup facility options bc a full environment must be maintained even though it usually is not used for regular production activities until after a disaster takes place triggering the relocation of the mission to the redundant site?

Mirrored site

Some organizations choose to have redundant sites or ... meaning one site is equipped and configured exactly like the primary site, serves as a redundant environment, and are owned by the organization and are mirrors of the original production environment.

Mirrored sites

What site is aka a rolling hot site, is a large truck or a trailer turned into a data processing or systems allowing for immediate processing that can be brought to the company's parking lot or another location, and can also be prefabricated buildings that can be quickly and easily assembled?

Mobile hot site

What is aka a video display terminal (VDT), users can view the visual display of the processed data on the screen, and have a video card processing the data into images for display?

Monitor

What facilities are found throughout the world, are able to move all data processing from one facility to another in a matter of seconds when an interruption is detected, and can be implemented within the organization or from one facility to a 3rd party facility?

Multiple Processing Centers

Combinations of different types of single RAID are called...

Multiple RAID or nested RAID solutions

What device is appropriate for organizations requiring not only faul-tolerance but also fast data access?

NAS

What device resides on the LAN as an independent network node, has its own IP address, and provides multiple clients on the network with access to the same files?

NAS

What differs from RAID in it maintains its own interface to the LAN rather than relying on a server to connect it to the network and control its functions?

NAS

What specialized storage device or group of storage devices provides centralized fault tolerant data storage for a network?

NAS

When using ..., the client requests a file from its usual file server over the LAN. The server then requests the file from the ... device on the network. In response, the ... device retrieves the file and sends it to the server. In-turn, the server then re-transmits it to the requesting client.

NAS

What 2 devices are commonly used today to provide data storage that isn't directly attached to the servers?

Network attached storage (NAS) & Storage area networks (SAN)

What plan provides coordinated procedures for minimizing loss of life or injury and protecting property damage in response to a physical threat?

Occupant Emergency Plan (OEP)

A consumer can get access to computing capabilities such as storage and server time as required, without any human interaction with a cloud service provider is a good example of...(EX: google, microsoft, amazon web services, IBM)

On demand self service

What private cloud type are aka internal clouds and are hosted within one's own data center, is limited in size and scalability but has more standardized processes and protection, and is best suited for apps which require complete security, control, and configurability of the infrastructure?

On-premise private cloud

What virtualization type is aka a container virtualization that uses a single shared OS to host many users simultaneously?

Operating system level virtualization

What virtualization uses a set of files and folders to provide OS functionality and file-mapping services and is efficient but has a lack of flexibility?

Operating system level virtualization

The processed information is now transmitted to the user. The result can take the form of print, audio, or video. This is known as...

Output

What devices are types of peripheral hardware connected to the computer either using cables or over a wireless network and the output generated by the computer can be in the form of a display on the screen, a printed document, or a song being played?

Output devices

What cloud is a small server in a home or small network that can be accessed over the internet, similar to private cloud is a personal cloud, the user decides which data to store, and which to delete or modify, and the user decides which data to share with whom and when to revoke that privilege?

Personal cloud

In what service model type is a layer of software or development environment encapsulated, offered as a service over which other higher level of services can be built and the customer can build their own apps on the provider's infrastructure, and delivers a computing platform and/or solution stack as a service, often consuming cloud infrastructure and sustaining cloud apps? (EX: google's app engine, force.com, etc.)

Platform as a service (PaaS)

Like printers, ... create a hard copy rendition of a digitally rendered design using a series of straight lines, and is typically used in engineering/architectural apps.

Plotters

What maintains the quality of the electricity for greater reliability of your servers and involves filtering out stray magnetic and electrical fields that can induce unwanted inductance and unwanted capacitance, and surge-suppression to prevent severe voltage spikes?

Power conditioning

In what virtualization environment do apps run on shared Windows® servers hosted in a remote data center with only the apps user interface presented on the user's desktop and the client can be a dedicated hardware device, a thin client, or a software client running on a converted PC, tablet, or smartphone.?

Presentation virtualization

What client virtualization type is also referred to as Terminal Services or Remote Desktop Services, is the most mature and most widely used client virtualization architecture?

Presentation virtualization

What external hardware device after monitors, takes processed data from the computer and generates a hard copy, and are the most used computer peripheral and are commonly used to print text data, images, etc?

Printers

What cloud is built exclusively for a single enterprise, the main aim of it is to address concerns on data security and offer greater control, which is absent in a public cloud, and has two types of private cloud?

Private cloud

A ... is hardware device where images are projected onto a flat surface (ie wall or screen).

Projector

The main advantage of a ... is that they may be larger than an enterprise cloud, thus providing scalability seamlessly on demand.

Public cloud

What cloud infrastructure is open for use by the general public, may be owned, managed and operated by a business, academic or government organization, exists on the premises of the cloud provider, and gives each individual client an attractive low cost "pay as you go" model?

Public cloud

What RAID level increases the performance of the hard disk and is the simplest RAID level and easiest to implement and the data is broken down into stripes or chunks of data with a particular size defined by the user which are then written one-by-one to different disk drives or arrays?

RAID 0

If you took two pairs of striped drives and mirrored the pair, you would get what is called...

RAID 0+1

What RAID level provides both performance and fault tolerance?

RAID 0+1/1+0/RAID 10: Striping and mirroring combined

What RAID level offers striping (meaning data is "split" evenly across two or more disks) with no parity or mirroring but the data is written to the physical hard disk block by block?

RAID 0: Disk Striping (block by block)

If you took two pairs of mirrored drives and striped the pairs, you would get what's called...

RAID 1+0/RAID 10

In what RAID level is fault tolerance a primary concern and a reduction in performance is seen since the RAID controller has to send the data to both hard disks?

RAID 1: Disk Mirroring/Duplexing (block by block)

What RAID level carries out mirroring or duplexing (replicating) wherein the data present on a disk is copied onto one disk or a pair of disks, thus for each disk drive there exists a mirror having a complete and identical copy of the original data and the RAID controller writes to both physical hard disks?

RAID 1: Disk Mirroring/Duplexing (block by block)

When data availability is of great importance (i.e. in case a disk fails or data is lost and there is a chance to recover it through a backup), the recommended form of RAID storage is...

RAID 1: Disk mirroring/duplexing (block by block)

What RAID level has high read/write speeds allowing multiple writes, and its capacity is very good as well by being very cost-effective, but its disadvantage is that it's not very efficient with large data transfers?

RAID 5

What RAID level is similar to RAID 4 except it exchanges the dedicated parity drive for a distributed parity algorithm; writing data and parity blocks across all the drives in the array?

RAID 5

What RAID level is the most popular data storage technique in use today and both data and parity info are striped across three or more drives?

RAID 5: Disk striping with distributed parity (block level)

What RAID level is an extension of RAID 5, is where two parity blocks are written to help in the data recovery process, and is used for preventing data loss in case of concurrent disk failures?

RAID 6: Disk striping with dual distributed parity (block level)

The cloud is flexible and scalable and consumers can quickly and easily add or remove software features and other resources to suit their immediate business needs. This is a good example of...

Rapid elasticity

The cloud enables users to enter and use data within business management software hosted on the cloud at the same time, from any location and at any time; and computing resources are pooled to serve multiple consumers using a multitenant model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand. This is a good example of...

Resource pooling

A specialized high-speed network of storage devices and switches connected to servers or computer systems and presents a shared pool of storage devices to multiple servers is known as...

SAN

What device can be installed on a location separate from the LAN it serves, being in a separate location provides added fault tolerance, and is highly scalable.

SAN

What device supports centralized storage management making it possible to move data between various storage devices, share data between multiple servers, as well as backup and restore data more efficiently and is extremely fault tolerant and fast?

SAN

What frees the client/server network from the traffic intensive duties of backing up and restoring data?

SAN

What networks uses a faster more efficient method of writing data than either NAS devices or a typical client/server network, is best suited to environments with huge quantities of data that must always be quickly available, and is used to house multiple databases (inventory, sales, payroll, employee records, etc.)?

SAN

What technology creates a point to point connection between the SATA device and the SATA controller's host adapter meaning each drive connects to one port and each hard drive operates on its own independent SATA channel?

SATA

What technology transfers data in serial bursts instead of parallel and allows the single stream of data to move faster than the multiple streams of data transmitting from parallel devices?

SATA

1a: What hard drive interface provides faster transfer times, thinner more flexible cabling, and easier plug-and-play connections?

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)

What is the most common application of virtualization and condenses multiple physical servers into one server running many VMs?

Server consolidation

What is the most common type of virtualization and is the partitioning of a physical server into smaller virtual servers?

Server virtualization

What virtualization hides the server's hardware resources such as the number and identity of individual host servers, processors, and OS from users and is accomplished by using software like VMware, Citrix XenServer, or Microsoft Hyper-V?

Server virtualization

What is the notion in cloud computing that software can be totally separated from the hardware servers that it runs on?

Serverless abstraction

What RAID type relies on software to implement and control RAID techniques over virtually any type of hard disk and is less expensive overall than hardware RAID because it doesn't require a special controller or disk array hardware?

Software RAID

In what service model type are different types of apps offered to the customer as a service on-demand and on a cloud a single instance of the service is run and multiple end-users can access the services simultaneously? (EX: google, salesforce, and microsoft)

Software as a service (SaaS)

What hardware device connects to a computer's sound card, generates the sound created by the card, and the component translate data into audio signals and is then sent to either the speakers or headphones?

Speaker

What client is low-cost, centrally-managed computer devoid of Compact Disc-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) players, diskette drives, hard-drives, and expansion slots?

Thin client/lean client

In a differential backup, when data needs to be restored, the Full Backup is laid down first, and then the most recent Differential Backup is laid down on top of it. True or false?

True

In an incremental backup, when the data needs to be restored, the Full Backup is laid down first and then each incremental backup is laid down on top of it in the proper sequence. True or False?

True

NAS and SAN incorporate a pool of array storage drives accessed by, yet independent, of servers and they differ depending on the network structure servers and data storage use to connect to each other. True or False?

True

The goal of all data backup jobs is to ensure lost data, no matter how it got lost, can be recovered quickly, efficiently and as completely as possible. True or False?

True

What type of hypervisor runs directly on top of the system hardware? (EX: XenServer, Microsoft Hyper-V, and VMware's ESXi)

Type 1 Bare Metal

What type of hypervisor runs on a hosted operating system that provides the virtualization services like I/O, device support, memory management, etc and are used on client systems which don't require the high level of efficiency or security? (EX: Oracle's VirtualBox and VMWare's Workstation)

Type 2 Hosted

What provides a dual purpose? First, it provides protection from power irregularities, such as spikes or brown-outs. These fluctuations in power can cause costly damage to computer equipment. The second role is to act as a bridge, supplying interim power between the time when external power is lost and your alternate power source?

UPS

What provides protection from momentary power interruptions only?

UPS

What is a critical component of the server room's power-support system and is sometimes referred to as the battery backup, which is a device that maintains a continuous supply of electrical power to all your connected equipment?

Uninterruptable Power Supplies (UPS)

Unscheduled network, equipment, or application outages or degradations caused by such things as environmental problems (e.g., fire, flood, loss of power, loss of air conditioning), equipment malfunctions, system crashes, etc are known as...

Unscheduled service interruptions (USI)

What replaces a conventional desktop PC with a thin client or tablet and hosts the desktop OS on a server hypervisor in the data center?

VDI

What's referred to as Server-Hosted Virtual Desktops, is an evolutionary step beyond presentation virtualization, runs on a shared infrastructure hosted in a central data center and uses the same thin client remote display technology, and uses a standard desktop OS running on a hypervisor?

VDI

What mimics physical machines and have BIOS, hard disks, memory, CPU, OS, and applications?

VMs

What isn't a real machine just as virtual reality is not reality but rather it is a combination of software apps and an OS tricked into thinking it has its own dedicated hardware which in turn offers a much better utilization rate of server hardware while still isolating apps?

Virtual machines (VMs)

What's used with a virtual OS to provide a high degree of security and allows programs to interact with a trusted platform module in a virtual system in the same way they would interact with one on a physical system?

Virtual trusted platform module (vTPM)

2a: What enables organizations to have better continuity of their IT environment?

Virtualization

The process in which software manages hardware resources of physical hosts, so those resources can be used more efficiently by multiple virtualized guest systems is known as...

Virtualization

What separates hardware from the software, is intended as a way for multiple software products to share a single hardware resource, and each software product can operate as though it has complete control of the system's resources?

Virtualization

What alternate sites are partially equipped office spaces containing some or all of the system hardware, software, telecoms, and power sources, is maintained in an operational status ready to receive the relocated system, and may need to be prepared before receiving the system and recovery personnel?

Warm Sites

What type of client allows for all personal/sensitive information to be maintained on a server thereby reducing the chance of any security issues?

thin client

What supports higher level of services to establish trust in virtualized environments?

vTPM

What's traditionally accessed through the use of thin client?

virtual desktops