Module 3

During a 30-minute transport of a stable patient you should reassess him or her at least ____ times

2

With proper technique, you and your partner should be able to safely lift a patient who is up to ____ pounds

220

Normal respiratory rates should not exceed _______ breaths per minute in children and _______ breaths per minute in infants.

40,60

An unstable patient should be reassessed at least every:

5 minutes.

In the adult, bradycardia is defined as a pulse rate less than _______ beats/min, and tachycardia is defined as a heart rate greater than _______ beats/min.

60, 100

In which of the following situations is a pertinent negative identified?

A 59-year-old man complains of crushing chest pain but denies shortness of breath.

A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway?

Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation.

A trauma patient has a gun shot wound to the left side of the chest, Away from the nipple. How to the injury location be described?

Anterolateral

When performing the rapid extraction technique to remove a patient from his or her vehicle, you should:

Apply a cervical collar and remove the patient and a longboard

A proximal humeral fracture is one that is located:

At the upper part of the humerus

To avoid injury when pushing a patient or other objects, you should:

Avoid pushing the patient with elbows fully extended

An EMT might injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the:

Back is bent forward at the hips

A patient has bilateral femur fractions. This means that:

Both femurs are fractured

Upon arriving at the scene of a Motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you know that the patient is semi conscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should :

Direct your partner to apply a midline support of the patient's head

A 5-year-old boy has fallen and has severe deformity of the forearm near the wrist. He has possibly sustained a fracture of the ____ forearm.

Distal

A woman amputated the tip of her finger. Which directional term should be used to describe her injury location?

Distal

A 56-year-old female is found supine in a narrow hallway of her mobile home. She complains of severe weakness and dizziness, and states that she is unable to walk. There is no evidence of trauma and the patient states that she did not fall. How should you and your partner move this patient to a more spacious area?

Extremity lift

When carrying a patient on a backboard up and down the stairs:

Keep the head end elevated

An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side. She is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the MOST appropriate method of immobilizing this patient?

Leave her on her side And use blanket rolls to Immobilize her to the Long Backboard.

A 40-year-old male presents with pain to the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. He is conscious and alert with stable vital signs. During your assessment, you note that his skin and sclera are jaundiced. You should suspect:

Liver dysfunction

A critical aspect of the rapid extrication Technique is two:

Maintain stabilization of the spine at all times

A patient has kidney disease that is causing him severe pain. What condition does he have and what would be administered for his pain?

Nephropathy; analgesic

A patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and his breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen with a:

Nonrebreathing mask

In the recovery position, the patient is:

On his/her side

An injured patient is assigned a total score of 9 on the GCS. He is assigned a score of 2 for eye opening, a score of 3 for verbal response, and a score of 4 for motor response. Which of the following clinical findings is consistent with his GCS score?

Open eyes in response to pain, uses inappropriate words, withdraws from pain

A 40-year-old male crashed his motorcycle into a tree. He is semiconscious, Has snoring respirations, and has a laceration to the forearm with minimal bleeding. You should:

Open his airway with the draw thrust maneuver

When removing a conscious, weak patient down a flight of stairs, you should:

Place the wheeled stretcher at the bottom of the stairs and carry the patient down the stairs with a stair chair

You are assessing a 72-year-old man with abdominal pain. The patient is sitting in a chair; he is conscious, alert, and calm. As you are talking to the patient, your partner discreetly directs your attention to a handgun, which is located on a nearby table, you should:

Position yourself in between the patient and the gun and ask your partner to request law enforcement assistance.

A 50-year-old male presents with altered mental status. His wife tells you that he had a "small stroke" 3 years ago but has otherwise been in good health. The patient is responsive but unable to follow commands. After administering oxygen if needed, you should:

Prepare for immediate transport

Relative to the ankle, the knee is:

Proximal

In most instances you should move a patient on the wheeled stretcher by:

Pushing the head of the stretcher while your partner guides the foot.

Which of the following signs of respiratory distress is usually observed only in pediatric patients?

Seesaw breathing

Which of the following factors will cause a reduction in a minute volume in an adult?

Shallow breathing

As you and your partner or caring a stable patient down a flight of stairs in the stair chair you feel a certain sharp pain in your lower back. You should:

Stop the move and request additional lifting assistance

A newborn has four atomic abnormalities of the heart. What prefix is used to describe this?

Tetra-

Which of the following statements regarding the neonatal isolate is correct?

The isolate service to keep the neonate warm and protect him or her from excess handling

The "Golden hour" begins when an injury occurs and ends when:

The patient receives definitive care

Which of the following statements regarding positive-pressure ventilation is correct?

With positive-pressure ventilation, more volume is required to have the same effects as normal breathing.

In which of the following patients would the head tilt-chin lift maneuver be the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway?

a 37-year-old female who is found unconscious in her bed

Which of the following patients would MOST likely require insertion of an oropharyngeal airway?

a 40-year-old unconscious patient with slow, shallow respirations

Which of the following patients is breathing adequately?

a conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin

A decrease in the blood pressure may indicate:

a loss of vascular tone.

A 51-year-old female presents with a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. She is conscious and alert and able to speak in complete sentences. Her respirations are 22breaths/min and regular. You should:

administer 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.

In the presence of oxygen, the mitochondria of the cells convert glucose into energy through a process called:

aerobic metabolism.

An elderly patient has fallen and hit her head. You assess her level of consciousness as unresponsive using the AVPU scale. Your initial care should focus on:

airway, breathing, and circulation

Palliating factors regarding a patient's pain involve those that:

alleviate the pain.

The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the:

alveolar sacs.

A 39-year-old male sustained a stab wound to the groin during an altercation at a bar. As you approach the patient, you note that he is conscious, is screaming in pain, and is attempting to control the bleeding, which is bright red and spurting from his groin area. You should:

apply direct pressure to the wound.

External bleeding from an extremity can usually be controlled initially by:

applying direct pressure

Poor peripheral circulation will cause the skin to appear:

ashen

Which of the following is most effective method of assessing the quality of air movement in the lungs?

auscultating breath sounds with a stethoscope

An adult patient who is NOT experiencing difficulty breathing will:

be able to speak in complete sentences without unusual pauses.

Intrapulmonary shunting occurs when:

blood coming from the right side of the heart bypasses nonfunctional alveoli and returns to the left side of the heart in an unoxygenated state.

The jaw-thrust maneuver is used to open the airway of patients with suspected:

cervical spine injuries.

The __________ cartilage is a firm ring that forms the inferior part of the larynx.

cricoid

A 50-year-old male is found unconscious in his car. There were no witnesses to the event. When gathering medical history information for this patient, the EMT should:

determine if the patient has a medical alert bracelet or wallet card.

Inhalation occurs when the:

diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure.

External bleeding from an extremity can usually be controlled by a combination of:

direct pressure and elevation.

A patient with high blood pressure would be expected to have skin that:

flushed and red

If you cannot palpate a pulse in an unresponsive patient whose collapse was not witnessed, you should:

immediately begin CPR

You respond to call for a female pedestrian who has been struck by a car. As your partner maintains manual stabilization of her head, you perform a primary assessment. She is unconscious, has ineffective breathing, and has bloody secretions in her mouth. You should:

immediately suction her oropharynx

Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as:

inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells.

In contrast to inhalation, exhalation:

is a passive process caused by increased intrathoracic pressure.

A patient is sitting in a chair, leaning forward on his outstretched arms. His head and chin are thrust forward. This position indicates that he:

is experiencing difficulty breathing

The proper technique for using the power grip is to:

lift with your palms up

Which of the following steps is NOT proper procedure when performing an emergency move?

lifting the patient by the belt to move him or her

In patients with deeply pigmented skin, changes in color may be apparent only in certain areas, such as the:

lips and oral mucous

Which of the following is the most appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury?

long backboard

As you assess the head of a patient with a suspected spinal injury, your partner should:

maintain stabilization of the head.

Each cell of the body combines nutrients and oxygen and produces energy and waste products through a process called:

metabolism

The chief complaint is most accurately defined as the:

most serious thing the patient is concerned about.

In infants and small children, skin color should be assessed on the:

palms and soles.

The MOST serious complication associated with using a nasopharyngeal airway in a patient with trauma to the head or face is:

penetrating the cranium.

You respond to the scene of A motor vehicle Collision. Upon arrival, you find the driver, a young female, sitting on the curb. She is confused; is in obvious respiratory distress; and has pale, moist skin. As your partner manually stabilizes her head, you perform a primary assessment. After performing any immediate life-saving treatment, you should:

perform a detailed head-to-toe exam and prepare for immediate transport.

A 71-year-old male is semiconscious following a sudden, severe headache. There is vomitus on his face and his respirations are slow and shallow. The EMT must immediately:

perform oropharyngeal suctioning.

Normal skin color, temperature, and condition should be:

pink, warm, and dry.

A palpable pulse is created by:

pressure waves through the arteries caused by cardiac contraction.

An intoxicated 40-year-old male is found laying face down. How would you document his body position?

prone

During the primary assessment, circulation is evaluated by assessing:

pulse quality, external bleeding, and skin condition

Pain that moves from its point of origin to another body location is said to be:

radiating.

A pulse with a consistent pattern is considered to be:

regular

A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should:

remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx.

An unconscious patient found in a prone position must be placed in a supine position in case he or she:

requires cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Prior to applying a nonrebreathing mask on a patient, you must ensure that the:

reservoir bag is inflated

You have inserted an oral airway and are ventilating an apneic woman with a bag-mask device. She suddenly begins regurgitating large amounts of vomit. You should:

roll her onto her side and remove the oral airway.

The pulse oximeter is an assessment tool used to evaluate the:

saturation level of arterial blood or effectiveness of oxygenation

Which of the following factors will cause a decreased minute volume in an adult?

shallow breathing

Clinical signs of labored breathing include all of the following, EXCEPT:

shallow chest movement.

Jugular venous distention suggests a problem with blood returning to the heart if the patient is:

sitting up at a 45° angle.

Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense:

slight elevations in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.

You respond to the residence of a 62-year-old male who is unresponsive. Your primary assessment reveals that he is apneic and pulseless. You should:

start CPR and attach the AED as soon as possible

A crackling sound produced by air bubbles under the skin is called:

subcutaneous emphysema

After performing a head tilt-chin lift maneuver to open the airway of an unresponsive patient, you should:

suction as needed and insert an airway adjunct.

Proper technique for suctioning the oropharynx of an adult patient includes:

suctioning while withdrawing the catheter from the oropharynx.

As time progresses following a significant injury:

the body's ability to compensate for shock decreases.

A 71-year-old female slipped on a rug and fell. She is conscious and alert and complains of severe pelvic pain. Her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Which of the following would be appropriate for this patient?

treat her for shock

The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called:

ventilation.

Supplemental oxygen without Assisted Ventilation would most likely be administered to patients:

with difficulty breathing and adequate tidal volume

A nasopharyngeal airway is inserted:

with the bevel facing the septum if inserted into the right nare.

A patient with spontaneous respirations is breathing:

without assistance.