Module 3 ORG MGT

An individual's talent to perform a physical or mental task is called their _________.

Ability

_______ refers to the emotional part of an attitude and is frequently acquired by learning from peer group members, teachers, and parents.

Affect

Which of the following Big Five personality dimensions involves the tendency of people to be trusting, softhearted, forgiving, courteous, and tolerant? - Agreeableness - Conscientiousness - Extroversion - Introversion

Agreeableness

Identify the primary emotions. - Anger and disgust - Pride, loneliness, and shame - Sadness and fear - Joy, anticipation, and surprise - Envy and passion

Anger and disgust Sadness and fear Joy, anticipation, and surprise

Identify the subcategories of mental ability. - Associative memory - Emotional labor - Mood contagion and dissociative memory - Deductive and inductive reasoning - Verbal fluency and comprehension

Associative memory Deductive and inductive reasoning Verbal fluency and comprehension

Mental states of readiness that are learned and organized through experience are known as ________.

Attitude

Identify the ways in which emotional labor may be carried out in organizations. - By being genuine - By expressing one's real emotions - By faking emotions - By suppressing feelings - By enhancing emotions

By faking emotions By suppressing feelings By enhancing emotions

Identify the ways in which emotional labor may be carried out in organizations. - By being genuine - By suppressing feelings - By expressing one's real emotions - By enhancing emotions - By faking emotions

By suppressing feelings By enhancing emotions By faking emotions

Individuals' knowledge about their environment and themselves is known as ______. - Affect - Valence - Cognition - Instrumentality

Cognition

______ implies a conscious process of acquiring knowledge.

Cognition

A mental state of anxiety that occurs when there is a conflict among an individual's various attitudes and beliefs after a decision has been made is known as ______. - Psychological dysfunction - Instrumentality - Burnout - Cognitive dissonance

Cognitive dissonance

From a research perspective, the Big Five personality dimension that is most closely linked to job performance is ______. - Assertiveness - Sympathy - Conscientiousness - Fairness

Conscientiousness

The Big Five personality dimension of ______ is the tendency of people to be thorough, responsible, dependable, and organized. - Extroversion - Introversion - Conscientiousness - Agreeableness

Conscientiousness

______ refers to those characteristics that make individuals different from one another. - Diversity - Instrumentality - Valence - Cognition

Diversity

Identify the individual differences that affect workplace behavior. - Diversity - Perceptions - Personality - Working conditions - Organizational structure - Skills and abilities

Diversity Perceptions Personality Skills and abilities

A state of physiological arousal accompanied by changes in facial expressions, gestures, posture, or subjective feelings is called a(n) _______.

Emotion

The ability to manage one's own and others' emotions in order to guide one's behavior and achieve goals is known as _______ _______ (EI).

Emotional Intelligence

The work and effort to manage one's emotions to keep them under control is called ______ ______.

Emotional Labor

In the context of the Big Five personality dimensions, ______ refers to the ability of people to feel psychologically relaxed, calm, and secure. - Emotional stability - Conscientiousness - Agreeableness - Extroversion

Emotional stability

In the context of the Big Five personality dimensions, people high in extroversion tend to ______. - Perform better in jobs involving research than in sales jobs - Have low levels of job satisfaction - Gravitate toward jobs that require minimum social interaction - Enjoy interacting with their co-workers

Enjoy interacting with their co-workers

Which of the following Big Five personality dimensions refers to an individual's tendency to be sociable, gregarious, assertive, talkative, and active? - Agreeableness - Extroversion - Emotional stability - Openness to experience

Extroversion

True and False: A person's skills usually remain stable over time even when training or experience occurs.

False

True or False: An individual's ability generally changes over time with experience and training.

False

True or False: Anxiety, depression, anger, and embarrassment are characteristics of high emotional stability.

False

True or False: Most studies dealing with the performance-satisfaction relationship have found that managerial attempts to satisfy everyone usually yield high levels of productivity.

False

True or False: Organizational activity remains unaffected by individual differences.

False

Identify the primary and stable dimensions of diversity. - Gender and age - Physical attributes - Ethnicity and race - Educational background and work experience - Marital status - Sexual/affectional orientation

Gender and age Physical attributes Ethnicity and race Sexual/affectional orientation

Identify the factors with which emotional intelligence (EI) works in conjunction for career success. - Confidence - General intelligence - Passion - Integrity - Analytical ability - Persistence

General intelligence Passion Integrity Persistence

Which of the following are true of emotional intelligence (EI)? - Improved EI may mean more career success over time. - EI has been seen to decline as one moves from middle to senior management. - One's general intelligence, passion, and integrity have no influence on his or her EI. - EI is less important to supervisors or senior management. - EI seems to increase over the course of a career.

Improved EI may mean more career success over time. EI has been seen to decline as one moves from middle to senior management. EI seems to increase over the course of a career.

Identify the benefits that can be gained by organizations that create a culture of inclusiveness and commit to diversity. - Improved connection with customers - Higher profit margins - Increased creative innovation - Increased job security - Better quality of decisions

Improved connection with customers Increased creative innovation Better quality of decisions

Identify the true statements about emotional labor. - It is a result of preventing the modification of emotional expression in an interaction. - It may require employees to pay a price, such as stress and burnout. - It may involve expressing one's emotions. - It can be experienced through empathy. - It is generally more in workplaces that have a high frequency of negative events.

It can be experienced through empathy. It may require employees to pay a price, such as stress and burnout. It is generally more in workplaces that have a high frequency of negative events.

Identify the true statements about personality. - It comprises both unique and common characteristics that explain the differences and similarities in people. - It seems to be arranged in patterns that are, to some extent, measurable and observable. - It lacks a deep core, such as sentiments about authority. - It is a relatively unstable set of feelings and behaviors of a person that are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.

It comprises both unique and common characteristics that explain the differences and similarities in people. It seems to be arranged in patterns that are, to some extent, measurable and observable.

A true statement about the cognitive component of an attitude is that ______. - It consists of an individual's beliefs, perceptions, and opinions - It is manifested in the form of favorable impressions - It is not related to rationality and logic in any way - It is learned from parents, teachers, and peer group members

It consists of an individual's beliefs, perceptions, and opinions

Through surface acting

It involves managing one's emotional expressions.

Through deep acting

It involves regulating one's feelings for expressing a desired emotion.

Identify a true statement about skill. - It cannot be acquired through training. - It is a learned talent that has been acquired by a person to perform a job. - It does not play any role in individual behavior and performance. - It is generally stable over time.

It is a learned talent that has been acquired by a person to perform a job.

A true statement about diversity in the workplace is that ______. - It is much more than comprehending population projections based on race, age, and ethnicity - It is the vast array of physical, but not cultural, attributes that constitute the wide spectrum of human differences - It is a synonym for affirmative action - It is a synonym for equal employment opportunity (EEO)

It is much more than comprehending population projections based on race, age, and ethnicity

Identify a true statement about affect. - It consists of the perceptions, opinions, and beliefs of an individual. - It is related to feeling a certain way about a situation, person, or group. - It refers to an inconsistency between a person's beliefs and behavior. - It is the thought process of an individual and comprises his or her evaluative beliefs.

It is related to feeling a certain way about a situation, person, or group.

Identify a true statement about the behavioral component of an attitude. - It is a desire on the part of an individual to eliminate inconsistency in attitudes and behaviors. - It refers to a person's tendency to act in a certain way toward something or someone. - It consists of an individual's perceptions, opinions, and evaluative beliefs. - It is the thought process of individuals that lays special emphasis on rationality and logic.

It refers to a person's tendency to act in a certain way toward something or someone.

Which of the following statements are true of the cognitive component of an attitude? - It is manifested in the form of feelings about others. - It refers to an individual's thought processes with special focus on logic and rationality. - It refers to an individual's tendency to act in a certain way toward something or someone. - It includes an individual's evaluative beliefs.

It refers to an individual's thought processes with special focus on logic and rationality. It includes an individual's evaluative beliefs.

Which of the following is true of diversity in the workplace? - It refers to the variety of cultural and physical differences that comprise the wide range of human differences. - It refers to those attributes, qualities, or characteristics that make individuals similar to one another. - It is a synonym for equal employment opportunity (EEO). - It is another word for affirmative or positive action.

It refers to the variety of cultural and physical differences that comprise the wide range of human differences.

Identify the views on the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance. - Job performance is caused by job satisfaction. - The job satisfaction-job performance relationship is immune to external factors or variables such as rewards. - Job satisfaction is caused by job performance. - The job satisfaction-job performance connection is moderated by other variables. - Job satisfaction is independent of job performance

Job performance is caused by job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is caused by job performance. The job satisfaction-job performance connection is moderated by other variables.

The attitude people have about their jobs is known as ______. - Job embeddedness - Job satisfaction - Job depth - Job perception

Job satisfaction

An individual's level of intelligence is known as ______. - Attitude - Tacit knowledge - Affect - Mental ability

Mental ability

As managers, baby boomers and Gen X need to realize that ______. - Millennials tend to require less praise than them - Millennials will put their organizations, not their careers, first in every situation - Millennials can be employed to improve teamwork on virtual team projects - Millennials require more long-term rewards than them

Millennials can be employed to improve teamwork on virtual team projects

The automatic transfer of mood or emotions from one individual to others is known as ______ _______.

Mood Contagion

______ is a Big Five personality dimension that reflects the extent to which a person is intelligent, creative, curious, and broad-minded. - Emotional stability - Openness to experience - Agreeableness - Conscientiousness

Openness to experience

A relatively stable set of behaviors and feelings that have been significantly formed by environmental and genetic factors is known as an individual's _______.

Personality

Identify the different dimensions of emotional intelligence (EI). - Self-management - Social efficacy - Self-awareness - Social awareness - Self-efficacy - Relationship management

Self-management Self-awareness Social awareness Relationship management

Working conditions

The extent to which the physical job environment supports productivity and is comfortable

Supervision

The interpersonal skills and the technical competence of a person's immediate boss

The work-related practical know-how that employees acquire through observation and direct experience on the job is known as _____ _______.

Tacit Knowledge

Identify the professions and jobs that require people high in agreeableness. - Teaching - Law - Sales - Customer service - Loan recovery - Nursing

Teaching Sales Customer service Nursing

Identify a scenario that illustrates cognitive dissonance. - Mia uses the Internet in her office to browse social sites, but she quits doing so after being warned. - Jane performs poorly when she is repetitively criticized and abused at her workplace by her seniors and peers. - Wren shares his company's confidential information with a rival firm in return for monetary favor. - Ted believes that consuming alcohol is harmful to health, but he continues to consume alcohol every day.

Ted believes that consuming alcohol is harmful to health, but he continues to consume alcohol every day.

Promotion opportunities

The availability of chances for betterment or advancement

Job security

The belief that one's position is relatively safe in an organization and one can reasonably expect to continue employment with it

Work itself

The extent to which job tasks are considered engrossing and provide scope for learning and accepting responsibility

Pay

The sum received as wage and the perceived fairness of that wage

Which of the following statements are true of individual differences? - They have an indirect effect on individual behavior. - They are important in the study of management and organizational behavior because they directly affect behavior. - They have an impact on the success of individuals and their organization. - They affect all areas of organizational activity except productivity and innovation.

They are important in the study of management and organizational behavior because they directly affect behavior. They have an impact on the success of individuals and their organization.

Which of the following are true of attitudes? - They are intrinsic parts of an individual's personality. - They are close to personality's core and are organized. - They are acquired through learning. - They are extrinsic parts of an individual's personality. - They are immune to all forms of change.

They are intrinsic parts of an individual's personality. They are close to personality's core and are organized. They are acquired through learning.

Identify the true statements about moods. - They cannot be transferred from one individual to others. - They are the strongest, not the mildest, forms or states of emotions. - They are long-lasting, low-intensity emotional states. - They act as minute emotional factors that affect day-to-day behavior. - They can be contagious.

They are long-lasting, low-intensity emotional states. They act as minute emotional factors that affect day-to-day behavior. They can be contagious.

Identify the features of attitudes. - They are immune to change and remain constant and stable over time. - They are extrinsic parts of an individual's personality. - They form the emotional basis of a person's interpersonal relations with others. - They specify a person's predispositions toward certain aspects of the world.

They form the emotional basis of a person's interpersonal relations with others. They specify a person's predispositions toward certain aspects of the world.

Identify a true statement about organizations that commit strongly to diversity. - They may lay off a large number of employees. - They may enjoy enhanced financial performance. - They do not engage in international expansion. - They do not conduct self-development programs.

They may enjoy enhanced financial performance.

According to Robert J. Sternberg, which of the following are true of practically intelligent leaders and managers who use tacit knowledge? - They possess can-do attitudes. - They draw lessons from their negative and positive experiences. - They capitalize on their weaknesses. - They realize they are good at everything. - They overpower negative expectations that others set around them.

They possess can-do attitudes. They draw lessons from their negative and positive experiences. They overpower negative expectations that others set around them.

Which of the following should managers do to understand individual differences among employees? - They should examine relationships among variables that affect individual behavior. - They should exclude cultural differences when interacting with employees. - They should observe and acknowledge the differences. - They should promote homogeneity in the workplace in terms of attitudes and abilities.

They should examine relationships among variables that affect individual behavior. They should observe and acknowledge the differences.

In the context of the Big Five personality dimensions, a true statement about people high in openness to experience is that ______. - They tend to do well in occupations such as customer service, sales, auditing, and teaching - They are usually unimaginative, conventional, and habit bound - They tend to do well in occupations where innovation is critical and change is continuous - They are courteous, forgiving, tolerant, trusting, and softhearted

They tend to do well in occupations where innovation is critical and change is continuous

Millennials

This group includes individuals who are in their 30s and late 20s.

Gen X

This group includes individuals who are in their 40s and early 50s.

Baby boomers

This group includes individuals who are in their mid-50s and older.

True or False: A person's actions such as being friendly, aggressive, or hostile can be measured to examine the behavioral component of attitudes.

True

True or False: An individual's attitude toward an object, situation, or person has a certain influence on the individual's response to that object, situation, or person.

True

Identify the secondary dimensions of diversity. - Work experience - Physical attributes - Marital status - Affectional orientation - Religious beliefs - Educational background - Health

Work experience Marital status Religious beliefs Educational background Health