Module 5

Fill in the blank: A query is used to _____ information from a database. Select all that apply -Retrieve -Update -Visualize -Request

-Retrieve -Update -Request

In data analytics, what term describes a collection of elements that interact with one another?

A data ecosystem

The analytical skill that involves breaking processes down into smaller steps and working with them in an orderly, logical way

A technical mindset

A data analyst shares insights from their analysis during a formal presentation to stakeholders. In a slideshow, they make a data-driven recommendation for how to solve a business problem. What phase of the data analysis process would come next?

Act

TRUE or FALSE: Data analysts answer questions and solve problems. These are called business tasks.

True

During which phase of data analysis would a data analyst use spreadsheets or query languages to transform data in order to draw conclusions?

Analyze

In the data life cycle, which phase involves using data to solve problems, make good decisions, and support business goals?

Analyze

Fill in the blank: In a data table, a row is called an observation. An observation includes all of the _____ for what is contained in the row.

Attributes

A gym wants to start offering exercise classes. A data analyst plans to survey 10 people to determine which classes would be most popular. To ensure the data collected is fair, what steps should they take? Select all that apply. -Ensure participants represent a variety of profiles and backgrounds. -Survey only people who don't currently go to the gym. -Collect data anonymously. -Increase the number of participants.

-Ensure participants represent a variety of profiles and backgrounds. -Collect data anonymously. -Increase the number of participants.

Fill in the blank: Data visualization involves using _____ to represent and present data. Select all that apply. -Graphs -Charts -Maps -Reports

Graphs, Charts, Maps

When would a pie chart be an effective visualization? -When showing the ages of males versus females -When showing the relationship between age and income -When showing a class broken down by age -When showing a change in someone's age over time

When showing a class broken down by age

Fill in the blank: A set of instructions that performs a specific calculation using spreadsheet data is called _____.

A Formula

Describe the difference between a question and a problem in data analytics.

A question is designed to discover information, whereas a problem is an obstacle or complication that needs to be solved.

The qualities and characteristics associated with solving problems using facts

Analytical skills

Having a technical mindset is an analytical skill involving what?

Breaking things down into smaller steps or pieces

In the data life cycle, which phase involves gathering data from various sources and bringing it into the organization?

Capture

Fill in the blank: Being able to identify a relationship between two or more pieces of data describes _____.

Correlation

Which aspect of analytical thinking involves being able to identify a relationship between two or more pieces of data?

Correlation

Seeking out new challenges and experiences in order to learn is an example of which analytical skill?

Curiosity

The analytical skill that involves managing the processes and tools used in data analysis

Data strategy

TRUE or FALSE: A furniture manufacturer wants to find a more environmentally friendly way to make its products. A data analyst helps solve this problem by gathering relevant data, analyzing it, and using it to draw conclusions. The analyst then shares their analysis with subject matter experts from the manufacturing team, who validate the findings. Finally a plan is put into action. This scenario best describes data science.

FALSE: This business has put data at the heart of its business strategy in order to achieve data-driven decision-making.

TRUE or FALSE: A company takes insights provided by its data analytics team, validates them, and finalizes a strategy. They then implement a plan to solve the original business problem. This describes the share step of the data analysis process.

False

Fill in the blank: A data analyst uses a SQL query to retrieve information from a database. They add a WHERE statement to _____ the data based on certain conditions.

Filter

Fill in the blank: The primary goal of data ____ is to create new questions using data.

Scientist

In which data analysis phase would a data analyst use visuals such as charts or graphs to simplify complex data for better understanding?

Share

In data analytics, SQL is an acronym meaning _____ query language.

Structured

Describe data analysis

The collection, transformation, and organization of data in order to draw conclusions, make predictions, and drive informed decision-making.

In a spreadsheet, what is text wrapping used for?

To allow all of the text to fit inside a cell

TRUE or FALSE: A database is a collection of data stored in a computer system.

True

TRUE or FALSE: Gap analysis is used to examine and evaluate how a process currently works with the goal of getting to where you want to be in the future.

True

What method involves asking numerous questions in order to get to the root cause of a problem?

The 5 whys

To execute a plan using detail-oriented thinking, what does a data analyst consider? -The big picture -The main idea -The specifics -The root cause

The Specifics

The analytical skill that has to do with how you group things into categories

Understanding context

Fill in the blank: A data analyst creates a table, but they realize this isn't the best visualization for their data. To fix the problem, they decide to use the _____ feature to change it to a column chart.

Chart editor

You have just finished analyzing data for a marketing project. Before moving forward, you share your results with members of the marketing team to see if they might have additional insight into the business problem. What practice does this support?

Data-driven decision-making

Fill in the blank: In data analytics, fairness means ensuring that your analysis does not create or reinforce bias. This requires using processes and systems that are fair and _____.

Inclusive

In a table, an attribute is a characteristic or quality of data used for what purpose?

To label a column

TRUE or FALSE: During the process phase of data analysis, a data analyst cleans data to ensure it's complete and correct.

True

TRUE or FALSE: It's possible for conclusions drawn from data analysis to be both true and unfair.

True

TRUE or FALSE: Surveying customers about their preferences and using that information to inform business strategy is an example of data-driven decision-making.

True

TRUE or FALSE: The columns in a spreadsheet are ordered by letter, and the rows are ordered by number.

True

TRUE or FALSE: The data life cycle deals with the stages that data goes through; data analysis involves following a process to analyze data

True

What tactics can a data analyst use to effectively blend gut instinct with facts? Select all that apply: - Apply their unique past experiences to their current work, while keeping in mind the story the data is telling. - Focus on intuition to choose which data to collect and how to analyze it. - Ask how to define success for a project, but rely most heavily on their own personal perspective. - Use their knowledge of how their company works to better understand a business need.

- Apply their unique past experiences to their current work, while keeping in mind the story the data is telling. - Use their knowledge of how their company works to better understand a business need.

Data-driven decision-making is using facts to guide business strategy. The benefits include which of the following? Select all that apply. -Making the most of intuition and gut instinct -Combining observation with objective data -Using data analytics to find the best possible solution to a problem -Getting a complete picture of a problem and its causes

-Combining observation with objective data -Using data analytics to find the best possible solution to a problem -Getting a complete picture of a problem and its causes

An online gardening magazine wants to understand why its subscriber numbers have been increasing. What kind of reports can a data analyst provide to help answer that question? Select all that apply. -Reports that examine how a recent 50%-off sale affected the number of subscription purchases -Reports that describe how many customers shared positive comments about the gardening magazine on social media in the past year -Reports that compare past weather patterns to the number of people asking gardening questions to their social media -Reports that predict the success of sales leads to secure future subscribers

-Reports that examine how a recent 50%-off sale affected the number of subscription purchases -Reports that describe how many customers shared positive comments about the gardening magazine on social media in the past year -Reports that predict the success of sales leads to secure future subscribers

Based on what you have learned in this course, spreadsheets are digital worksheets that enable data analysts to do which of the following tasks? Select all that apply. -Sort and Filter data -Store data -Organize data in columns and rows -Choose a topic for data analysis

-Sort and Filter data -Store data -Organize data in columns and rows

What are the key benefits of data visualizations? Select all that apply. -They can illustrate relationships between data points -They can clearly demonstrate patterns and trends -They can ensure that you get fewer questions about your analysis -They can help stakeholders understand complex data more quickly

-They can illustrate relationships between data points -They can clearly demonstrate patterns and trends -They can help stakeholders understand complex data more quickly

What steps do data analysts take to ensure fairness when collecting data? Select all that apply. -Understand the social context -Use an inclusive sample population -Include data self-reported by individuals -Clean the data provided

-Understand the social context -Use an inclusive sample population -Include data self-reported by individuals

Fill in the blank: A formula is a set of instructions used to perform a specified calculation; whereas a function is _____.

A Predefined operation

Fill in the blank: Curiosity, understanding context, and having a technical mindset are all examples of _____ used in data-driven decision-making.

Analytical Skills

What practice involves identifying, defining, and solving a problem by using data in an organized, step-by-step manner?

Analytical thinking

After opening the ice cream shop on her farm, the same dairy farmer then surveys the local community about people's favorite flavors. She uses the data she collected to determine that the top five flavors are strawberry, vanilla, chocolate, mint chip, and peanut butter. She feels confident in her decision to sell these flavors. This is part of which phase of the data life cycle?

Analyze

Thinking about the way you organize your contacts in a new phone is an example of which analytical skill? -Data Strategy -Understanding context -Curiosity -Data Design

Data Design

In data analysis, which analytical skill involves the management of people, processes, and tools?

Data Strategy

What is the term for the graphical representation of data?

Data Visualization

The analytical skill that involves how you organize information

Data design

A company is receiving negative comments on social media about their products. To solve this problem, a data analyst uses each of their five analytical skills: curiosity, understanding context, having a technical mindset, data design, and data strategy. This makes it possible for the analyst to use facts to guide business strategy and figure out how to improve customer satisfaction. What is this an example of?

Data-driven decision-making

The data analysis process phases are ask, prepare, process, analyze, share, and act. What do data analysts do during the ask phase?

Define the problem to be solved

A data analyst has finished an analysis project that involved private company data. They erase the digital files in order to keep the information secure. This describes which stage of the data life cycle?

Destroy

TRUE or FALSE: A data analyst finishes using a dataset, so they erase or shred the files in order to protect private information. This is called archiving.

False

TRUE or FALSE: A real estate company needs to hire a human resources assistant. The owner asks a data analyst to help them decide where to advertise the job opening. The analyst learns that the majority of human resources professionals are women, validates this finding with research, and targets ads to a women's community college. This is fair because the analyst conducted research to make sure the information about gender breakdown of human resources professionals was accurate.

False

TRUE or FALSE: During the capture stage of the data life cycle, a data analyst may use spreadsheets to aggregate data.

False

TRUTH or FLASE: You read an interesting article about data analytics in a magazine and want to share some ideas from the article and a discussion forum. In your post, you include the author and a link to the original article. This would be an inappropriate use of the forum.

False

An airport wants to make its luggage-handling process faster and simpler for travelers. A data analyst examines and evaluates how the process works currently in order to achieve the goal of a more efficient process. What methodology do they use?

Gap Analysis

Fill in the blank: A data visualization is the _____ representation of information.

Graphical

Which of the following are examples of data visualizations? -Graphs -Reports -Charts -Maps

Graphs, Charts, & Maps

You are planning a road trip. Your first step is to break down the planning into smaller pieces. You begin by calculating your budget. Then, you choose a destination and departure date. Next, you plan where to stay, what vehicle to take, and how long you want to be on the road. Which analytical skill does this scenario describe? -Data design -Curiosity -Understanding context -Having a technical mindset

Having a technical mindset

A data analyst wants to demonstrate a trend of how something has changed over time. What type of chart is best for this task?

Line chart

Avens Engineering needs more engineers, so they purchase ads on a job search website. The website's data reveals that 86% of engineers are men. Based on that number, an analyst decides that men are more likely to be successful applicants, so they target the ads to male job seekers. What should the analyst have done instead?

Make sure their recommendation doesn't create or reinforce bias

A dairy farmer decides to open an ice cream shop on her farm. After surveying the local community about people's favorite flavors, she takes the data they provided and stores it in a secure hard drive so it can be maintained safely on her computer. This is part of which phase of the data life cycle?

Manage

Fill in the blank: Data strategy involves _____ the people, processes, and tools used in data analysis.

Managing

On a railway line, peak ridership occurs between 7:00 AM and 5:00 PM. The fairness of a passenger survey could be improved by over-sampling data from which group?

Nighttime Riders

Fill in the blank: A doctor's office has discovered that patients are waiting 20 minutes longer for their appointments than in past years. To help solve this problem, a data analyst could investigate how many nurses are on staff at a given time compared to the number of _____.

Patients with appointments

In which stage of the data life cycle does a business decide what kind of data it needs, how the data will be managed, and who will be responsible for it?

Plan

Fill in the blank: During the _____ phase of the data life cycle, a business decides what kind of data it needs, how it will be managed, who will be responsible for it, and the optimal outcomes.

Planning

A data analyst wants to retrieve information from a database. Select the correct tool from the data analyst's toolkit.

Query

Fill in the blank: The people very familiar with a business problem are called ____. They are an important part of data-driven decision-making.

Subject-matter experts

Adding descriptive headers to columns of data in a spreadsheet is an example of which analytical skill?

Understanding Context