Module 69

Those who engage in spurts of excessive overeating, followed by remorse - but do not binge, purge, fast, or exercise excessively - are said to have A. Binge-eating disorder B. Anorexia nervosa C. Bulimia nervosa D. Neophobia E. Set point

A. Binge-eating disorder

Dissociative disorders are mostly likely to be characterized by A. Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity B. Offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person C. A hyperactive, wildly optimistic state of emotion D. Alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism E. Panic attacks caused by new, stressful situations

A. Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity

Anorexia patients are most likely to have parents who A. Have physically abused their children B. Are high-achieving and protective C. Are able to afford adequate food supplies D. Are unconcerned about physical appearance and body weight E. Have difficulty expressing emotional attachments

B. Are high-achieving and protective

The families of bulimia patients have a higher-than-usual incidence of A. Sexual disorders B. Childhood obesity C. Excess PYY D. Unit bias E. Neophobia

B. Childhood obesity

Niesha demonstrates seven different personalities that appear to take turns controlling her behavior. Evidence that the same life memories are consciously experienced by all the alternate personalities would most clearly rule out the contribution of _________ to her disorder. A. Childhood sexual trauma B. Dissociation C. Motivational conflict D. Role-playing E. Attachment disorder

B. Dissociation

Researchers have suggested that the role-playing of fantasy-prone patients in response to the leading questions of therapists has often contributed to A. Obsessive-compulsive disorder B. Dissociative identity disorder C. Bipolar disorder D. Agoraphobia E. Schizophrenia

B. Dissociative identity disorder

Evidence that dissociative identity disorder is not simply a product of conscious role-playing is most clearly provided by the A. Periodic intervals during which patients with this disorder become violent B. Distinct brain and body states associated with differing personalities C. Inability of psychiatric experts to hypnotize patients with this disorder D. Dramatic increase in reported cases of this disorder during the past 40 or so years E. Overwhelming evidence for genetic predispositions related to dissociation

B. Distinct brain and body states associated with differing personalities

Researchers use biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis to understand eating disorders. The social-cultural level of analysis is especially likely to emphasize that eating disorders are influenced by A. A natural wariness of unfamiliar foods B. Mass media standards of appearance C. Bouts of depression and anxiety D. The universal idealization of thinness E. Genetic predispositions in different cultures

B. Mass media standards of appearance

Researchers have found low levels of _________ in 13 year old boys who were later convicted of a crime as 18-26 year olds. A. Dopamine B. Serotonin C. Adrenaline D. Acetylcholine E. Testosterone

C. Adrenaline

Which of the following disorders is more common among men than women? A. Bipolar disorder B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder C. Antisocial personality disorder D. Dissociative identity disorder E. Schizophrenia

C. Antisocial personality disorder

Connie exhibits multiple personalities. Evidence that information learned by her secondary personality influences the moods and behaviors of her primary personality would most clearly rule out the contribution of __________ to her symptoms. A. Role-playing B. Sexual trauma C. Dissociation D. Motivational conflict E. Childhood abuse

C. Dissociation

Rachel is convinced that her occasional headaches are caused by a malignant brain tumor. Although several physicians have assured her that she has no serious physical problem, Rachel continues to seek medical attention for a brain tumor. Her behavior provides an example of A. Dissociative disorder B. Generalized anxiety disorder C. Illness anxiety disorder D. Obsessive-compulsive disorder E. Personality disorder

C. Illness anxiety disorder

Compared with people in many Western countries, people in China more often A. Experience anorexia nervosa B. Suffer from bipolar disorders C. Report physical symptoms of psychological distress D. Exhibit dissociative identity disorder E. Show signs of mania

C. Report physical symptoms of psychological distress

One cluster of personality disorders marked by noticeably odd or eccentric behavior is exemplified by the _________ personality disorder. A. Avoidant B. Narcissistic C. Schizoid D. Histrionic E. Paranoid

C. Schizoid

The distinctive features used to identify the three clusters of personality disorders are A. Obsessions, compulsions, delusions B. Genetics, culture, self-awareness C. Optimism, pessimism, perfectionism D. Anxiety, eccentricity, impulsivity E. Depression, mania, catatonia

D. Anxiety, eccentricity, impulsivity

Those with a histrionic personality disorder are most likely to display A. A lack of guilt feelings B. Delusions of persecution C. Apathy and lack of energy D. Dramatic, attention-getting behaviors E. Delusions and hallucinations

D. Dramatic, attention-getting behaviors

Personality disorders are best described as A. Symptoms of distress that are not caused by biological abnormalities B. Disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of self-identity C. Patterns of delusional and disorganized thoughts and feelings D. Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning E. Prolonged periods of depressed mood or elevated/manic behavior

D. Inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

The major characteristic of dissociative disorders is a disturbance of A. Sleep B. Mood C. Appetite D. Memory E. Perception

D. Memory

Evidence that many DID patients have suffered abuse as children leads some psychologists to include dissociative disorders under the umbrella of A. Panic disorder B. Social phobia C. Generalized anxiety disorder D. Post-traumatic stress disorder E. Personality disorders

D. Post-traumatic stress disorder

Evidence that symptoms of dissociative identity disorder are triggered by the suggestions and leading questions of therapists most clearly points out the importance of ___________ in the onset of this disorder. A. Learned helplessness B. Repression C. Childhood sexual trauma D. Role-playing E. Motivational conflict

D. Role-playing

About eight months ago, 14 year old Shelley went on a drastic weight-loss diet that caused her to drop from 110 to 80 pounds. Although she is now dangerously underweight and undernourished, she continues to think she looks fat. Her frustrated father recently forced her to eat a peanut butter sandwich, but Shelley immediately went to the bathroom and threw it all up. Shelley most clearly suffers from A. Hyper-metabolism B. Excess PYY C. An abnormally low set point D. Bulimia nervosa E. Anorexia nervosa

E. Anorexia nervosa

Midori's therapist suggests that she developed a dissociative identity disorder as a way of protecting herself from an awareness of her own hatred for her abusive mother. The therapist's suggestion most directly reflects a ________ perspective. A. Cognitive B. Social-cognitive C. Humanistic D. Biological E. Psychoanalytic

E. Psychoanalytic