Module 9 Quiz

How will airway resistance be affected by administration of a beta-2 adrenergic AGONIST?

Resistance will decrease

Which of the following is NOT associated with an allergic response?

acute coryza

Which of the following is an upper respiratory infection?

acute coryza

Type I alveolar cells

allow rapid diffusion of gases through their thin membranes

A section of the lung that receives its own tertiary bronchus is called the ________.

bronchopulmonary segment

Which of the following are structural features of the trachea?

c-shaped cartilage

According to Boyle's Law, if the volume of a closed container holding a gas increases, the pressure inside the container will

decrease

Hypoxemia is

deficiency of oxygen in the blood

A full complement of mature alveoli are present by ________.

early childhood, around 8 years of age

The olfactory pits form from which of the following?

ectoderm

Oxyhemoglobin forms by a chemical reaction between which of the following?

hemoglobin and oxygen

The substance that stimulates the central chemoreceptors is

hydrogen ions

How is most carbon dioxide transported in the blood?

in the form of bicarbonate ions

A decrease in volume leads to a(n) ________ pressure.

increase in

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 45 mm Hg in the blood and 40 mm Hg in the alveoli. What happens to the carbon dioxide?

it diffuses into the alveoli

What happens to the fluid that remains in the lungs after birth?

it is absorbed shortly after birth

At the very end of a pulmonary exhale, intrapleural pressure is ____ alveolar pressure.

less than

Which of the following processes does atmospheric pressure play a role in?

pulmonary ventilation

Which of the following prevents the alveoli from collapsing?

residual volume

The ________ circulation picks up oxygen for cellular use and drops off carbon dioxide for removal from the body.

respiratory

Type II alveolar cells

secrete a chemical known as surfactant.

When ventilation is not sufficient, which of the following occurs?

the capillary constricts

Which of the following forms the Adam's apple?

thyroid cartilage

Which is not considered part of the upper respiratory system?

trachea

Which structure is reinforced by rings of cartilage?

trachea

Which of the following refers to an incision into the trachea?

tracheotomy

The pleura that surrounds the lungs consists of two layers, the ________.

visceral and parietal pleurae

Which of the following represents the amount of air that can be expelled from the lungs by maximum exhalation following maximum inhalation?

vital capacity

Gas exchange occurs in the

alveoli

Which of the following anatomical structures is not part of the conducting zone?

alveoli

Which of the following breathing patterns would result in the greatest decrease in blood pH?

apnea

Respiratory conditions that prevent the lungs from stretching

are restrictive conditions because they reduce compliance.

Ms. L was pulled from the ocean unconscious. She is not breathing but has a strong heartbeat and no evidence of any obstruction. What is the best treatment for Ms. L?

artificial respiration

Which condition is commonly known as a collapsed lung?

atelectasis

The C in COPD stands for

chronic

The most common type of COPD are emphysema and which other disorder?

chronic bronchitis

Oxygen moves from the lungs into the blood by

diffusion

The fluid that accumulates in the alveoli of patients with pneumonia is called

exudate

The process that involves the neck and abdominal muscles is

forceful exhalation

Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with COPD?

formation of tubercles

The lungs are enclosed in ___ membranes.

pleural

A low partial pressure of oxygen promotes hemoglobin binding to carbon dioxide. This is an example of the ________.

Haldane effect

In cases of pneumothorax, air accumulates in the

pleural space

Exercise can trigger symptoms of AMS due to which of the following?

small venous reserve of oxygen

Which of the following characteristics does NOT apply to the tissue that lines the trachea?

squamous

When the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract,

the volume of the chest (thoracic) cavity increases

Which of the following factors play a role in the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation/dissociation curve?

temperature pH BPG

Air moves from areas of ___ pressure to areas of ___ pressure.

high; low

The most superior portion of the pharynx is

nasopharynx

The pressure difference between the intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures is called ________.

transpulmonary pressure