Motor learning chapter 9

If a golfer lines up 30 balls and putts them from the exact same spot on the green to the exact same hole each time, the golfer is using what type of practice? -constant practice - blocked practice -repeated blocked practice - A and B

A and B

When implementing variable practice, which of the following should be manipulated for closed skills that involves inter-trial variability Regulating conditions Non-regulatory conditions Both regulatory and non-regulatory conditions Variable practice should not be used for closed skills with inter-trial variability.

Both regulatory and non-regulatory conditions

Which of the following is the term used to describe practice where the rest component between sessions or practice attempts is equal to or greater than the practice component? Massed practice Alternating practice Distributed practice Restful practice

Distributed practice

Long term retention of a motor skill is best achieved by practicing a skill repeatedly before moving to a different version of the task or a different task all together ? TRUE OR FALSE

FALSE

Contextual interference should be avoided at all costs. True or False

False

Learning is enhanced when longer, less frequent practice sessions are scheduled. True or False

False

which of the following is NOT true of variable practice? - it enhances the development of a learner's schema - it facilitates transfer -it leads to better performance during practice -It enhances a learner's ability to accurately select appropriate parameter values to accomplish a movement goal

It leads to better performance during practice

When implementing variable practice, which of the following should be manipulated for skills whose objective is the consistent and accurate replication of a movement pattern? Regulating conditions Non-regulatory conditions Both regulatory and non-regulatory conditions Variable practice should not be used for closed skills with inter-trial variability.

Non-regulatory conditions

Which of the following describes blocked practice? One variation of a skill is practiced repeatedly before practice attempts are given on another skill Multiple task variations are performed in a random order Multiple tasks are arranged in blocks according to their similarities Multiple tasks are arranged in an alternating pattern

One variation of a skill is practiced repeatedly before practice attempts are given on another skill

If substitute or alternative equipment causes a distinct change in movement pattern, what should you do? Continue to use it, the learner will figure it out. Stop using it. Use it only sparingly. You should only use the specific equipment designed for that activity

Stop Using it

Stations are a teaching method that can easily be designed to incorporate both variable and random practice TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

The explanation that suggests that random practice facilitates learning by causing temporary between trials forgetting of task solutions is called the ____________ hypothesis. elaboration forgetting memory action plan reconstruction

action plan reconstruction

A well-designed drill: -maximizes time on task. -involves the participation of all learners. -directly targets the learning goal. -All of the above -A & B only

all of the above

Which of the following must be considered when designing practice experiences? The learner The task The environment All of the above A & C only

all of the above

Low contextual interference would occur when practice trials are organized following a ___________ schedule blocked random repeated blocked variable

blocked

A massed practice schedule would be the most effective for: new & complex skills. tasks that have high-energy requirements. discrete skills. tasks that involve some degree of risk.

descrete skills

Repeated blocked practice provides _________ contextual interference. no low moderate high

moderate

Variable practice should be implemented: - when the skill is first introduced - once the learner has acquired the basic movement pattern. - only when the learner has reached the autonomous stage. - only when the learner is having difficulty developing an understanding of the basic movement patter.

once the learner has acquired the basic movement pattern

An example of a non-regulatory condition that could be incorporated into the variable practice schedule for a quarterback would be: -the presence of defenders. -the distance of throw to hit a receiver. -the crowd noise level. -the area on the field to which the ball must be thrown.

the crowd noise level