MOV 300
Normal ROM of knee flexion is ______degrees.
140-150
Normal ROM for ankle dorsiflexion (knee flexed) is _______degrees.
15-20
Normal ROM for subtalar inversion is ________degrees.
20-30
The quadriceps group include muscles _____, ______ and _______
3, 5, 6
Insertion of Peroneus Tertius is:
Base of the 5th metatarsal (dorsum)
Extensor Hallucis Longus insertion
Distal phalanx of great toe (dorsal
Cervical spine extension is achieved by bilateral activation of which muscles:
Erector spinae Splenius cervicis Splenius capitis Upper trapezius
Muscles that dorsiflex the ankle include
Extensor Digitorum Longus, Peroneus Tertius, Tibialis Anterior, and Extensor Hallucis Longus
Muscles that dorsiflex the ankle include:
Extensor Digitorum Longus, Peroneus Tertius, Tibialis Anterior, and Extensor Hallucis Longus
select all muscles that perform subtalar eversion:
Extensor digitorum longus Peroneus tertius Peroneus longus peroneus brevis
Actions of Sartorius include:
External hip rotation, hip flexion, hip abduction, knee flexion
In the normal foot, subtalar inversion ROM is less than subtalar eversion ROM.
False
The Extensor Digitorum Longus inserts on the middle and distal phalanx of digits 2-5, plantar surface.
False The insertion is dorsal surface of middle and distal phalanxes of digits 2-5
Select all Invertors of the foot:
Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Posterior Tibialis Anterior
Which muscle(s) is(are) acting as agonist for the talocrural joints during the lowering phase of the squat (A to B)?
Gastrocnemius Flexor hallucis longus
Which of these muscles are ankle plantarflexors?
Gastrocnemius Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus Posterior tibialis PLUS: per long, per brev, soleus
External hip rotation involves the following muscle(s)
Gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, Sartorius and deep lateral rotators
Select all agonists at the R hip during the lowering phase of this side lunge (left to right image) (right lunge)
Gracilis Adductor brevis Pectineus This is eccentric abduction of the R hip. Agonists for the right hip will be the adductors, of which three are listed here (others are adductor longus and adductor magnus).
Actions of Tensor Fascia Latae:
Hip abduction Hip flexion Internal rotation of the hip Ipsilateral lateral pelvic tilt
Actions of Sartorius include:
Hip abduction, hip flexion, hip external rotation, knee flexion
Select all actions of gracilis.
Hip adduction Knee flexion
Actions of Semitendinosus include:
Hip extension, posterior pelvic tilt, Knee flexion and knee internal rotation
Your hamstrings (semitendinosus, semimembranosus and biceps femoris, long head) are knee flexors and hip extensors. Select the joint position(s) would need to use to stretch this muscle group.
Hip flexion Knee extension
Actions of iliopsoas include:
Hip flexion, lumbar flexion and anterior pelvic tilt
Actions of iliopsoas are:
Hip flexion, lumbar flexion, anterior pelvic tilt
Muscles that flex the lumbar spine include:
Internal and External Obliques, Iliopsoas and Rectus Abdominis
Actions of Tibialis Posterior include:
Inversion of the foot and Ankle plantarflexion
Select all action/s of Internal Obliques:
Ipsilateral lumbar rotation Lumbar flexion Ipsilateral lumbar lateral flexion Posterior tilt of pelvis Contralateral lateral tilt of pelvis
Select all actions of popliteus
Knee flexion Knee internal rotation
Select all action/s of External Obliques:
Lumbar flexion Ipsilateral lumbar lateral flexion Contralateral lumbar rotation Posterior tilt of pelvis Contralateral lateral tilt of pelvis
Tibialis Anterior insertion:
Medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal
Origin of Flexor Digitorum Longus:
Middle 1/3 of posterior tibia
Origin of Extensor Hallucis Longus:
Middle 2/3 of anterior fibula
In addition to acting as evertors of the foot, all the peroneals plantarflex the ankle EXCEPT ________ which acts to dorsiflex the ankle.
Peroneus Tertius
Flexor Digitorum Longus insertion:
Plantar aspect of the distal phalanxes of digits 2-5
Muscle labeled as #5 is ____________
Popliteus
Select all muscles that are knee flexors.
Popliteus Biceps femoris (long & short) Gastrocnemius Semimembranosus Semitendinosus Gracilis Sartorius
Gastrocnemius origin:
Posterior medial and lateral femoral condyles
The Semimembranosus muscle participates in the following actions:
Posterior tilt of pelvis, hip extension, knee flexion, knee internal rotation
Popliteus origin:
Posterior, lateral femoral condyle
Origin of Soleus:
Posterior, proximal fibula and tibia
Origin of Posterior Tibialis:
Posterior, proximal tibia and fibula
RIGHT cervical spine rotators include:
R erector spinae R splenius cervicis R splenius capitis L sternocleidomastoid
LEFT lumbar rotators include:
R external oblique L internal oblique L erector spinae
Muscles inserting on the patella then to the tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon include:
Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius
Pes Anserinus is a group of insertions at the anteromedial proximal tibia, circled in this image. Which of the following lists describes the muscles that share this insertion?
Semitendinosus, Sartorius, Gracilis
Internal hip rotation involves the following muscle(s):
Tensor Fascia Latae Gluteus Minimus Gluteus Medius
The Biceps Femoris is the only external rotator of the knee.
True
The Vastus Medialis originates on the linea aspera.
True
The origin of Peroneus Tertius is the distal, anterior fibula.
True
Gluteus maximus is an agonist at the hip during the lowering phase (A->B) of this exercise (squat)
True Action at the hip during lowering is flexion, but the contraction type will be ECCENTRIC. For eccentric contractions, the opposite muscle group (extensors in this case, including gluteus maximus) will be controlling the joint motion.
In the lowering phase of the movement listed here, gastrocnemius and soleus are agonists for the talocrural joint.
True During the lowering, the talocrural joint action is dorsiflexion. Because the mover is going with gravity, and must be controlling this motion, the contraction type will be ECCENTRIC. Agonists for eccentric dorsiflexion are PLANTARFLEXORS, which would include gastrocnemius and soleus.
During the lowering phase of a squat (A to B), most contractions in the lower extremities will be eccentric.
True Gravity will do the work of lowering her body, performer needs to CONTROL how fast and how far down she goes -- so eccentric.
Actions of Flexor Digitorum Longus include inversion of the foot and plantarflexion of the ankle.
True In addition, FDL flexes the MTP, PIP and DIP of digits 2-5.
Select all actions of Sternocleidomastoid:
contralateral rotation (bil) cervical flexion (bil) ipsilateral lateral flexion (uni)
The Rectus Femoris is deep to Vastus Intermedius
false
The six deep external rotators are the only external rotators of the hip.
false Gluteus medius (posterior fibers), gluteus maximus and Sartorius can also externally rotate the hip.
The origin of Biceps Femoris (short head) is ischial tuberosity.
false The long head originates on ischial tuberosity and the short head originates at the lower 1/2 of linea aspera.
Biceps femoris acts as an agonist AT THE KNEE in the lowering phase of this exercise. (squat)
false During the lowering phase, the action at the knee is FLEXION, however since she is lowering during this phase (moving in the direction of gravity, and controlling the motion) the contraction is ECCENTRIC. Therefore, the agonists at the knee will be EXTENSORS (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius).
The origin of Extensor Digitorum Longus is the upper 2/3 anterior tibia
false EDL originates on the upper 2/3 of anterior FIBULA
The Flexor Hallucis Longus originates at the distal 1/3 of the posterior tibia.
false FHL originates at the middle 2/3 of posterior fibula
In addition to great toe flexion, Flexor Hallucis Longus acts to evert the foot and dorsiflex the ankle.
false Flexor hallucis longus inverts the foot and plantarflexes the ankle, in addition to great toe flexion.
Gastrocnemius actions includes ankle plantarflexion and knee extension.
false Gastrocnemius action includes ankle plantarflexion and knee FLEXION.
Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Tibialis Posterior Tibialis Anterior
false Going up the stairs = moving against gravity, so knee extensors of leading leg would contract concentrically.
The Semitendinosus inserts on the anterolateral proximal tibia
false Insertion is the anteroMEDIAL proximal tibia.
The origin of Tibialis Anterior is the upper 1/3 of the medial tibia.
false Origin of Tibialis Anterior is the upper 2/3 of the lateral tibia.
The origin of Sartorius is on the anterior inferior iliac spine.
false Origin of sartorius is on the anterior superior iliac spine.
The Peroneus Longus inserts on the dorsal surface of the medial cunieform and base of 1st metatarsal.
false Peroneus Longus inserts on the PLANTAR surface of the medial cunieform and base of 1st metatarsal
During the lifting phase of this movement (image B to A), peroneus tertius is an agonist for the ankle joint.
false Peroneus brevis and peroneus longus are plantarflexors that will be working to concentrically plantarflex the talocrural joint during the lift. Peroneus tertius is a dorsiflexor and will be an ANTAGONIST for this movement.
Actions of rectus femoris include knee flexion and hip flexion.
false RF actions include knee EXTENSION and hip flexion, as well as anterior pelvic tilt.
The Rectus Femoris originates on the anterior superior iliac spine.
false Rectus femoris originates on the anterior INFERIOR iliac spine.
The Erector spinae group actions when recruited bilaterally are: lumbar extension and posterior pelvic tilt.
false The Erector spinae group actions when recruited bilaterally are: lumbar extension and ANTERIOR pelvic tilt.
All actions of rectus abdominis:All actions of rectus abdominis:
lumbar flexion, posterior pelvic tilt
Muscles that internally rotate the knee include:
popliteus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus
peroneus brevis and peroneus longus share the following actions (select all):
subtalar eversion ankle plantarflexion
Gluteus maximus is a hip extensor and external rotator.
true
Soleus is an agonist at the talocrural joint during this yoga pose.
true
The Biceps Femoris (long head) originates on the ischial tuberosity.
true
The Biceps Femoris inserts laterally on the head of the fibula and the lateral condyle of the tibia.
true
The Biceps Femoris is the only external rotator of the knee.
true
The Flexor Hallucis Longus inserts on the distal phalanx of the great toe (plantar surface).
true
The Gastrocnemius inserts on the posterior calcaneus via the Achilles tendon.
true
The Peroneus Brevis inserts on the base of the 5th metatarsal
true
The Peroneus Brevis originates at the middle 2/3 lateral fibula.
true
The Vastus Lateralis originates on the intertrochanteric line and the linea aspera.
true
The origin of Semimembranosus is the ischial tuberosity.
true
The Erector spinae group actions include spine extension (when recruited bilaterally), ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation (when recruited unilaterally).
true Actions also include anterior pelvic tilt
When working concentrically, the LEFT External Oblique muscle acts to LEFT laterally flex and RIGHT rotate the lumbar spine.
true External Oblique actions include: flexion (when working bilaterally), ipsilateral lateral flexion, and contralateral lumbar rotation (when working unilaterally)
Erector spinae will be an agonist through this entire exercise (A->B->A), working isometrically to maintain a neutral lumbar spine.
true No joint motion at the lumbar spine, but we know that muscles are working to stabilize the pelvis and protect the lumbar spine... Extensors will be agonists because if they were NOT working, the spine would fall into flexion.
Tibialis posterior is an agonist at the talocrural joint during this yoga pose.
true This is isometric dorsiflexion at the ankle. If muscles "turn off" at the joint, then more dorsiflexion would occur -- so the opposite muscle group (i.e., the plantarflexors) must be agonist working to maintain this position.
Bilateral adductor magnus muscles are agonists in this yoga pose.
true This is isometric flexion at the hip. In this position, if muscles "turn off" at the joint, then more hip flexion would occur -- so the OPPOSITE muscle group (hip extensors) must be agonist working to maintain this position.
Bilateral tibialis posterior are agonists in this isometric heel raise position
true This is toe extension AND isometric plantarflexion. In this position, if muscles "turn off" at the foot/ankle, then more toe flexion and ankle dorsiflexion would occur -- so the OPPOSITE muscle group (toe flexors and plantarflexors) must be agonist working to maintain this position.
Hip adductors include:
Adductor Magnus, Adductor Longus, Adductor Brevis, Pectineus and Gracilis
Select all actions of Peroneus Tertius
Ankle dorsiflexion Subtalar eversion
Actions of Tibialis Anterior:
Ankle dorsiflexion and Inversion of foot
Actions of Extensor Hallucis Longus include:
Ankle dorsiflexion, great toe extension
Select the THREE terms that best describe the location of the ORIGIN with respect to the INSERTION for the muscle pictured here.
Anterior Superior Medial
Sartorius insertion:
Anteromedial proximal tibia
Vastus Intermedius insertion:
Tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Invertors of the foot are which of the following muscles:
Tibialis Anterior, Tibialis Posterior, Flexor Hallucis Longus, Flexor Digitorum Longus
The insertion labeled #1 in this figure corresponds to which muscle?
Tibialis Posterior
Tibialis Posterior insertion
Tibialis Posterior insertion
"Tom, Dick and Harry" is a way to remember the deep posterior muscles whose tendons wrap around the medial malleolus. Which muscles are they?
Tibialis Posterior, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallucis Longus
Actions of extensor digitorum longus include (select all)
Toe extension (digits 2-5) Ankle dorsiflexion and subtalar eversion
Soleus weakness might result in excessive dorsiflexion during the stance phase of gait
True
