Murach HTML/CSS3 - Chapter 1

HTTP response

A HTTP response is the message a Web server needs to return back to a Web client machine in response to an HTTP request from the same client machine.

WHATWG (Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group)

A community of people interested in evolving HTML and related technologies.

native mobile applications

A cost-effective alternative to the development of mobile applications for specific platforms like iOS and Android

declarative block

A declaration block consists of a list of declarations in braces. Each declaration itself consists of a property, a colon (:), and a value. If there are multiple declarations in a block, a semi-colon (;) must be inserted to separate each declaration

ISP

A device that connects computer networks together by forwarding data packets so that users may share the connection

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

A file that contains the formatting rules for a web page. It facilitates the separation of formatting from the content and structure of a web page.

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

A language for describing web-pages using ordinary text

intranet

A local area network (LAN) directly connects computers that are near each other.

wide area network (WAN)

A local area network (LAN) directly connects computers that are near each other.

XHTML (eXtensible HTML)

A modified version of HTML that supports the same elements as HTML 4.01, but uses the syntax of XML. This is a stricter syntax that allows XHTML to be read and manipulated by automated tools. This also allows XHTML editors to identify errors in the document structure more easily.

router

A networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks. Routers perform the traffic directing functions on the Internet.

FTP program

A program that uses File Transfer Protocol to transfer files to or from the web server.

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

A reference to a web resource that specifies its location on a computer network and a mechanism for retrieving it.

IDE (Integrated Development Environment)

A software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development. An IDE normally consists of a source code editor, build automation tools, and a debugger.

protocol

A system of rules

network

A system that allows clients and servers to communicate.

web hosting

A type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations to make their website accessible via the World Wide Web.

web browser

A web browser is basically what you use to access the internet.

HTML document

An HTML document is a file containing Hypertext Markup Language, and its filename most often ends in the .html extension.

suite

An IDE for web development can include all of the programs that are required for developing a website.

RWD (Responsive Web Design)

An approach to web design which makes web pages render well on a variety of devices and window or screen sizes.

domain name

An identification string that defines a realm of administrative autonomy, authority or control within the Internet.

ISP (Internet Service Provider)

An organization that provides services accessing and using the Internet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned.

Internet service provider (ISP)

An organization that provides services accessing and using the Internet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned.

selector

Declares which part of the markup a style applies to by matching tags and attributes in the markup itself.

cross-browser compatibility

If you want your website to be used by as many visitors as possible, you need to make sure that your web pages are compatible with as many browsers as possible.

FTP plugin

If you're using some text editors, you may have to use a separate FTP program or add a plugin FTP program to your editor.

external style sheet

Styles is in a separate file

style sheet

Used to style documents written in HTML, XHTML, SVG, XUL, and other markup languages.

tag

When you write HTML, you are writing HTML tags. All HTML tags are made up of a number of specific parts, including: A less-than sign < A word or character that determine which tag is being written Any number of optional HTML attributes in the form of a name="value" pair And finally a greater-than sign >

path

Where the file resides on the server.

image rollover

a secondary image loaded into your page to display when a visitor to your site 'rolls over' a certain image within your site.

closing tag

consists of a left angle bracket, a forward slash, the element name, and the right angle bracket, as in </html>.

static web page

contains information that does not change

opening tag

for each element consists of the element name surrounded by angle brackets, as in <html>.

render a web page

how a browser loads the requested page

image swap

if the user clicks on one of the color swatches below a shirt, the shirt image is changed to the one with the right color.

web application

is a client-server computer program in which the client (including the user interface and client-side logic) runs in a web browser.

database server

is a computer program that provides database services to other computer programs or to computers, as defined by the client-server model.

JavaScript

is a high-level, dynamic, weakly typed, prototype-based, multi-paradigm, and interpreted programming language

IP address

is a numerical label assigned to each device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication

JavaScript engine

is a program or interpreter which executes JavaScript code.

scripting language

is a programming language that supports scripts: programs written for a special run-time environment that automate the execution of tasks that could alternatively be executed one-by-one by a human operator.

IIS (Internet Information Services)

is an extensible web server created by Microsoft for use with the Windows NT family.[2] IIS supports HTTP, HTTP/2, HTTPS, FTP, FTPS, SMTP and NNTP. It has been an integral part of the Windows NT family since Windows NT 4.0, though it may be absent from some editions (e.g. Windows XP Home edition),

HTML element

is an individual component of an HTML document or web page,

DOCTYPE declaration

is an instruction that associates a particular SGML or XML document (for example, a webpage) with a document type definition (DTD) (for example, the formal definition of a particular version of HTML1.0 - HTML 4.0).

Apache web server

is free and open-source cross-platform web server software

dynamic web page

lets people change it on the fly without having to be the authors.

server-side processing

operations include both those that are carried out in response to client requests, and non-client-oriented operations such as maintenance tasks.

client-side processing

refers to operations that are performed by the client in a client-server relationship in a computer network.

application server

software framework that provides both facilities to create web applications and a server environment to run them.

HTTP request

the web browser builds a request for the web page and sends it to the web server.

Internet exchange point (IXP)

ISPs connect their WANs at large routers

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

HTTP request, is formatted using the hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), which lets the web server know which file is being requested.

declaration

Consists of a property, a colon (:), and a value

rule set

Consists of a selector and a declaration block. The selector identifies an HTML element, and the declaration block speci- fies the formatting for the element. Within the declaration block are one or more declarations (or rules) that specify the formatting for the element.

rule

Consists of one or more selectors, and a declaration block

client

The Internet in turn is a large network that consists of many smaller networks.

Internet

The Internet is a large network that consists of many smaller networks.

World Wide Web

The World Wide Web, or web, consists of many components that work together to bring a web page to your desktop over the Internet.

usability

The degree to which a software can be used by specified consumers to achieve quantified objectives with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a quantified context of use.

W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)

The main international standards organization for the World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or W3).

SEO (Search Engine Optimization)

The process of affecting the online visibility of a website or a web page in a web search engine's unpaid results—often referred to as "natural", "organic", or "earned" results.

publish

The process of deploying a website on the Internet. This involves transferring related folders and files for your website from your computer or network to a web server with Internet access.

round trip

The process that begins with the user requesting a web page and ends with the server sending a response back to the client

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

The standard network protocol used for the transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network

local area network (LAN)

The web server holds the files that make up a web application.

web server

The web server holds the files that make up a web application.

attribute

This identifies the element and defines the way the content in the element is displayed.

user accessibility

This refers to the qualities that make a website accessible to as many users as possible, especially disabled users.

deploy

To put a website on the internet