MUSC 108 Units: 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20

Which of the following was NOT one of the approaches to sound taken by musicians and groups in the 1990s? a. Ambient sounds. b. Repetition of distinctive rhythmic patterns. c. Repetition of chord cycles in a harmonic loop. d. Melodic "rappification." (Unit 20 end)

a. Ambient sounds.

Ani DiFranco can best be described as: a. An entrepreneurial alternative singer-songwriter. b. A representative of the queercore movement. c. A riot grrrl. d. A folk punk rocker.

a. An entrepreneurial alternative singer-songwriter.

(Unit 15 start) Which of the following is NOT an American musical style or genre that directly influenced bossa nova and/or Tejano music? a. Bluegrass. b. Country music. c. Jazz-influenced pop singing. d. West Coast-based cool jazz.

a. Bluegrass.

Which of the following is not a key characteristic of no wave music? a. Insistent sixteen-beat rhythm. b. Unusual guitar sounds. c. Exotic harmonies. d. Contrasts in texture. (Unit 19 end)

a. Insistent sixteen-beat rhythm.

Which of the following artists is most associated with a rock country fusion? a. The Dixie Chicks. b. Dolly Parton. c. Earl Scruggs. d. George Strait (Unit 16 end)

a. The Dixie Chicks.

(Unit 19 start) Alternative bands generally: a. Wanted artistic control over their own music. b. Adhered strictly to punk rock rhythms. c. Sampled heavily. d. Didn't write their own music.

a. Wanted artistic control over their own music.

Which of the following is NOT a critical element of the post-punk rock developed by Bruce Springsteen and U2? a. Minimal syncopation. b. Booming guitar riffs. c. The simplification and highlighting of basic rhythms. d. The creation of a full, yet open sound. (Unit 18 end)

b. Booming guitar riffs.

Which of the following artists is most associated with country-flavored pop? a. The Dixie Chicks. b. Dolly Parton. c. Earl Scruggs. d. George Strait.

b. Dolly Parton.

Which of the following statements is NOT a characteristic of electronica? a. It is an umbrella term for a large and varied family of styles in including house, techno, trance, and more. b. Electronica songs always use an eight-beat rock rhythm. c. Electronica songs often contain little to no vocals d. Electronica was influenced by composers like Pierre Schaeffer, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and John Cage.

b. Electronica songs always use an eight-beat rock rhythm.

Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe the roles of the canto and the montuno in 1970s salsa music? a. Salsa has a two-part structure containing a longer montuno and a shorter canto. b. Salsa always begins with the montuno which is followed by the canto. c. The canto and montuno function much like the verse and chorus in popular songs. d. After the canto ends decisively, the montuno begins with a coro—a short riff following by a silence. (Unit 15 end)

b. Salsa always begins with the montuno which is followed by the canto.

The biggest innovation of Kurt Cobain and Nirvana's "Smells Like Teen Spirit" was its: a. Capturing the spirit of Aberdeen, Washington. b. Schizophrenic shifting of mood from section to section. c. Blending of punk and heavy metal. d. Relentless chord progressions.

b. Schizophrenic shifting of mood from section to section.

(Unit 16 start) Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the Nashville sound? a. Simple songs that are vehicles for good singers. b. Professional musical settings appropriate to the mood of the song. c. Complex melodies and harmonies. d. An expressive focus is on the story and the singer's telling of it.

c. Complex melodies and harmonies.

Which of the following does NOT characterize heavy metal? a. Complicated, multi-sectional works. b. Extreme distortion. c. Long, intricate vocal sections. d. Long, virtuosic riffs.

c. Long, intricate vocal sections.

The mid-2010s are a unique time for rock and roll in that: a. Punk has overtaken all substyles. b. There are more new dominant styles than ever. c. Music of earlier generations remains as vital as ever. d. Music contains more rock-defining rhythms.

c. Music of earlier generations remains as vital as ever.

(Unit 20 start) How much did digital revenues increase between 2015 and 2016? a. More than 40 percent. b. 100 percent. c. Over 10 percent. d. Zero; there was no increase.

c. Over 10 percent.

Which of the following statements describing the relationship between sequencers and loops is incorrect? a. A sequencer can assemble a full sound file using loops and other tracks which can recreate the sound of a band. b. Sequencers can be used to create loops—short sound files that can be repeated and combined to create the background of a song. c. Sequencers will not work without loops. d. All of the above.

c. Sequencers will not work without loops.

Which of the following is NOT a musical characteristic of 1970s salsa? a. Clave rhythm. b. Montuno piano patterns. c. Tumbao drums. d. Dense, percussion-rich texture.

c. Tumbao drums.

(Unit 18 start) Which of the following was NOT one of the most widely used rhythms in the 1980s? a. Adaptations of the afterbeat rhythms of reggae. b. The sixteen-beat rhythms first heard in funk, black pop and disco. c. The energized rock-beat derived from punk. d. A synthesized two-beat first heard in the foxtrot.

d. A synthesized two-beat first heard in the foxtrot.

Which of the following is NOT common to gangsta rap? a. Lyrics which describe the violence and challenges of inner-city life. b. Several layers of percussion sounds to keep the beat. c. The inclusion of melodic material and repetitive riffs that work pop elements into hardcore rap. d. All of the above are common to gangsta rap. (Unit 17 ends)

d. All of the above are common to gangsta rap.

Which of the following was NOT a controversial element of Madonna's "Like a Prayer"? a. Her revealing dress. b. The evocation of the stigmata. c. The saint who comes to life and then doubles as the black man wrongly accused of murdering a woman. d. All of the above are controversial elements of Madonna's "Like a Prayer."

d. All of the above are controversial elements of Madonna's "Like a Prayer."

Which of the following is NOT a parameter of sound? a. Volume level. b. Density. c. Timbre. d. Duration.

d. Duration

Which of the following artists is most associated with new traditional country? a. The Dixie Chicks. b. Dolly Parton. c. Earl Scruggs. d. George Strait.

d. George Strait.

Which of the following statements does NOT accurately refer to tumbao? a. It is a syncopated bass pattern characteristic of Afro-Cuban music. b. It is derived from a clave pattern that sounds on the offbeats, rather than marking the main beats. c. It is the bass pattern used in salsa music. d. It is not typically found outside of Brazil.

d. It is not typically found outside of Brazil.

(Unit 17 start) Which of the following 1980s technologies did not critically impact the music industry until the year 2000? a. The Audio CD. b. The MIDI. c. Sampling. d. The Internet.

d. The Internet.