Muscular System Test Review

tendon meaning

attach muscle to bone

aponeruosis meaning

attach muscle to muscle (in some areas)

The area between the Z lines is the _________.

sarcomere

external intercostals insertion

superior border next to rib

internal intercostals origin

superior border of the preceding rib

disgastric origin

temporal bone/mandible

Which muscle extends the elbow during the action of push-ups?

triceps brachii

biceps femoris action

flexes leg at the knee

tibialis anterior insertion

flexion at ankle

Which of the following muscles acts to flex the finger joints and wrist?

flexor digitorium

tibialis anterior, antagonist?

gastrocnemius

tensor fasciae latae, antagonist?

gluteus maximus

latissimus dorsi insertion

humerus

Flexor capri ulnaris origin

humerus/ulna

tensor fasciae latae origin

ilium

external intercostals, antagonist?

internal intercostals

Muscles whose names contain the root cervi- would be found in the

neck

Specific name for the plasma membrane of the myofiber.

sarcolemma

An olympic long distance marathon winner most likely has an increase number of _______ muscle fibers.

slow

The following describes ___________ fibers. - Contains increased amount of capillary networks, providing oxygen - Contain a red pigment called myoaglobin - Contain oxygen reserves - Contain a relatively larger number of mitochondria than do fast muscle fibers

slow

A person whose genetic makeup makes him or her a better marathon runner than a sprinter probably has more __________ in his or her leg muscles.

slow fibers

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is _________.

smooth

The muscle that inserts with the gastrocnemius to the calcaneus, via the calcaneal tendon, is the

soleus

What muscle types guard the enterance and exits of the body ?

sphincters

Which of the following acts to flex the neck?

sternocleidomastoid

pectoralis major, antagonist?

supraspinatus

biceps brachii, antagonist?

triceps brachii

At rest, active sites of the actin are covered by

tropomyosin

Muscles dominated by fast fibers appear _________.

white

The orgin of the soleus is ________ and the insertion is __________

Fibula/tibia; calcaneus

________ allows for electrical stimuli sent from the brain, to reach deep into each fiber

T tubules

Which of the following is an effect of aging on the muscular system?

Tolerance for exercise decreases.

_________ moves away from the active sites.

Tropomyosin

What creates "cross-bridges"

When the myosin heads bind to the active sites

The deltoid acts to

abduct the arm

Which filiament is a thin twisted protein that contains specific active sites ?

actin

Myofibrils are made primarily of __________.

actin and myosin

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from

actin and myosin arrangement on the sarcomere

Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action?

adductor

A skeletal muscle that is not regularly stimulated by a motor neuron will become smaller and weaker; such as in those individuals that are paralyzed by spinal injuries. The term used when this occurs to the muscles is _______________.

atrophy

biceps femoris origin

femur

A muscle _________ contains a sarcolemma, sacroplasm and myofibrils

fiber

soleus origin

fibula/tibia

masseter action

elevates the mandible

Which of the following describes the action of the trapezius?

elevates, adducts, depresses, or rotates the scapula

"anaerobic endurance"

endurance can be improved by preforming frequent, brief, intense workouts

A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called ________.

epimysium

rectus femoris action

extends leg at the knee

gastrocnemius action

extension at the ankle

The following describes _______ type of skeletal muscle fibers. - Produce powerful contractions - Fatigue rapidly - Few mitochondria

fast

aponeruosis defintion

A broad sheet of collagen fibers that connects muscles to each other. Similar to bones, but do not connect to a bone.

What type of endurance is gained from preforming increased amounts of brief, intense workouts. Such as sprinting or weightlifting.

Anaerobic endurance

The muscle that flexes the knee

Biceps femoris

Choose the 3 muscles that make up the hamstring group ?

Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus , Semitendinosus

How do skeletal muscles produce movement ?

By pulling on tendons that then moves bones.

After a contraction, the sarcomere will return to a resting state; which is

Calcium ions deplete and troponin confirmation returns

Which of the following is characteristic of cardiac muscle?

Cardiac muscle cells are involuntary

tendon definition

Connective tissue that attach muscle to a bone

After death, rigor mortis lasts until

Decomposition begins

Which muscle has an action of hip extension.

Gluteus maximus

Consider the Sliding Filament Theory: Observed changes in the sarcomere. Which band or line gets smaller during a muscle contraction ?

I band

Which statement regarding "heat loss" is true?

Muscle contractions play an important role in the maintenance of normal body temperature.

diaphragm definition

Muscle used for inhalation for breath

Which of the following statements describes how muscles help maintain homeostasis?

Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature.

Which statement regarding skeletal muscle is true?

Skeletal muscles contain blood vessels.

_________________ is the abductor of the shoulder

Supraspinatus

Rigor mortis occurs at death due to a lack of

blood circulation to move Calcium ions out of the cell.

In infants, which muscle produces suction for suckling at the breast ?

buccinator

The muscle that compresses the cheeks, as when pursing the lips and blowing forcefully, is the ________.

buccinator

Active muscles generate ________.

carbon dioxide and heat

deltoid origin

clavicle/scapula

The muscle that adducts the shoulder is the

deltoid

The supraspinatus assists the ______________ muscle.

deltoid

Which of the following muscles is named for its shape?

deltoid

latissimus dorsi, antagonist?

deltoid

Muscle used for inhalation of breath

diaphragm

masseter insertion

mandible

Which of the following is a muscle that originates from the zygomatic arch and functions in elevating the mandible?

masseter

disgastric, antagonist?

masseter

Sternocleidomastoid insertion

mastoid of skull

buccinator origin

maxillary/mandible

flexor carpi radialis insertion

metacarpal

The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the

origin

A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called __________.

perimysium

biceps brachii insertion

radius

Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers

the name of the cytoplasm is sarcoplasm in the muscle cell.

myosin meaning

thick filament

actin meaning

thin filament

trapezius origin

thoracic vertebrae

Which muscle inserts on the clavicle and scapula?

trapezius