Music Appreciation Chapters 1-3
In a concerto group the larger group of players of players is called the _______________ is meaning all.
Tutti
The ritorrello is always played by the ____________.
Tutti
The different movements of a baroque composition are usually ___________ to add variety tot he piece.
Contrasting
True or False: Before the twentieth century, a basic principle of music composition was that a composition would begin in the home or tonic key, and would end in a different key.
False
Orfeo by Monteverdi was composed in the year?
1607
Monteverdi's music is important because its is a bridge between the ______________ centuries.
16th and 17th
What is the type of scale that uses the twelve tones of the octave called?
A chromatic scale
What is a movement in musical composition?
A piece that sounds fairly complete and independent and is part of a larger composition
When a note is emphasized more than other, usually by being played louder, it is called a(n) ___________.
Accent
Like a play, operas are divided into, _____________ and these are subdivided into _____________.
Acts, Scenes
What is the term describing the regular, recurrent pulse that is subdivided and organized to create rhythms and metrical configurations?
Beat
Why did Purcell add dances to his opera Dido and Aeneas?
Because the school principal where it was performed was a dancer
The resting place or point of arrival at the end of a melodic phrase is call a _______________.
Cadence
For what is recitatives used?
Carry the action forward
In harmony a combination of tones that is stable and whose sound has a sense of arrival or resolution is referred to as _________________.
Consonance
Forward motion, conflict and change in mood are all aspect of ______________.
Contrast
The xylophone, shown here, belongs to which primary category of percussion instruments?
Definite pitch
Timpani or kettledrums, belong to which primary category of percussion instruments?
Definite pitch
True or False: Dido and Aeneas was a lavish and complex production with virtuoso singers and a large orchestra that demanded the best musicians of all time.
False
True or False: The higher a note is placed on the staff, the lower the pitch.
False
The two most important geographical areas in the development of music during the Renaissance were ______________________.
Flanders and Italy
In brass instruments, tone-producing vibrations are made by blowing through the lips into a _______________.
Funnel-shaped mouthpiece
After what was the new vocal style of opera modeled?
Greek Dramas
In which of the following keyboard instruments are tones produced by wedge-shaped parts that pluck strings.
Harpsichord
What texture describes a main accompanied by chords?
Homophonic
A melody in one voice will frequently be _________________ in another voice in a baroque composition.
Imitated
The statement of a melodic idea first by one voice and then immediately b another is called ______________?
Imitation
When a melodic idea is presented by one voice or instrument, and then is restated immediately by another voice or instrument, this is called ______?
Imitation
When a melody moves from one tone to a tone that is NOT adjacent, it is said to move by a _____________.
Leap
If you play the white notes of the piano from C to C, you are playing a _______ scale?
Major
The term ___________ is used to refer to the organization of beats into regular groups of strong and weak ones.
Meter
Which of the following statements about the role of music in baroque society is true?
Music was an important source of entertainment in the courts of the aristocracy
Which of the following is a true statement about late baroque music?
Music with polyphonic texture gained importance
What are typical characteristics of melody in baroque music?
- Create a feeling of continuity -Opening melody heard again and again -Constant character even with varied form
Which of the following statement are true of music in the Renaissance?
-Composers began to put their name on their name on their compositions and expected to be compensated -Virtuoso women singers began singing in several Italian courts - Patronage increased in the courts of the nobility
How did Monteverdi make his music more expressive and intense?
-Her employed new orchestral effects -He used dissonance extensively -He successful blended music drama
How does a fugue differ from a round, such as Row Row, Row, your Boat?
-In a fugue, a new voice presents the subject is a different key, whereas is a round, a new voice starts in the same key -In a fugue, unlike a voice can change to a new melody after presenting the subject.
Which of the following describe the words and music of Renaissance music?
-It uses harmonies that help express the emotions of the words -It uses word painting to represent poetic images -The humanistic interest in language is evident in vocal music
What were the most common ways people became musicians during the baroque period?
-It was a art passed on form generation to generation -Boys and girls received musical education in orphanages -By attending choir schools in church
Which statements are basic melodic principles?
-Many melodies are made up of shorter parts called phrases -a melody moves by small intervals called steps or by larger ones called leaps.
Opera commonly fuses together which of the following elements?
-Music -Scenery -Acting -Costumes
What characterizes the aria?
-Outpouring of melody that expresses an emotional state -A song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment
Which statements accurately describe the baroque period?
-The art were symbols of royal wealth and power -The aristocracy held enormous power and wealth
What creates a sense of directed motion for melody in baroque music?
-The continuous unwinding of a melody -Melodic sequence successive repetition of a musical idea at higher of lover pitches
Which statements describe this selection from Monteverdi's Tu Se Morta
-The vocal line is accompanied by a lute -The vocal line is accompanied by a basso continuo
Which of the following statements comparing the motet and the mass in the Renaissance are accuarate?
-The words of the mass were those of the ordinary, where as the motet used other scared text -The motet and mass were the primary forms of sacred music -A mass has five texts and take more time to perform than a motet
What did the music director of a church do?
-Was responsible for the musical training of choristers -Was expected to compose new work for church performance on a regular basic
Why was the opening of the first public opera house significant?
-You did not have to be a noble to attend an opera performance -Anybody who could pay admission was able attend -It helped spread opera beyond the wall of royal opera
What technique is used in music to depict specific images enhancing the text being sung?
Word painting
The baroque trumpet had _______________.
No valves
Which instruments use double reeds?
Oboe, English horn, Bassoon
Early Italian baroque composers created __________ which is a drama sung to orchestral accompaniment.
Opera
Playing a single, low tone while one or more voices are presented is called _______________.
Pedal point
The three main types of musical texture are monophonic, homophobic and ______________.
Polyphonic
What is the texture of the music is this audio recording?
Polyphonic
What is the name for a series or sequence of chords?
Progression
In a recitative how are words sung?
Quickly and clearly, often on repeated notes
What did the music director at the court of an aristocrat do and receive?
Received relatively high pay for a musician (more)
This selection from Monteverdi's Tu SE Monta is a type of opera singing called an ________________.
Recitative
What term describes a vocal line that imitates the rhythm and pitch fluctuations of speech?
Recitative
Another word for ritorrello or major theme that returns is _______________.
Refrain
A Specific part of a singer's or an instrument's tonal range, such as the low part of the tonal range is know as it's ________________.
Register
Many instruments come in different sizes, which means they have different ________?
Registers
In music notation, the symbol that indicates that duration of silence is called a _______________.
Rest
Eighth note, quarter note, and half note are all used to notate what aspect of music?
Rhythm
Which 6 categories or classifications of instruments are used in the western (or European) music?
Strings, woodwind, brass, percussion, keyboard, and electronic
Many of the early audio manipulating processes done on __________ and tape studios are now done in modern more powerful computers.
Synthesizers
Largo, moderate, allegro and presto are Italian terms in music that indicate __________.
Tempo
In which type of musical statement (A) then a contrasting statement (B) then a return to the first musical statement (A).
Ternary (three-part) form
During the late baroque period, what type of dynamics was commonly used?
Terraced or abrupt dynamic changes
Which of the following is the best description of concerto grosso?
The concerto grosso contrasts and alternates between a small group of soloists and a large group
Which instrument plays the last solo, displaying virtuosity section of rapid scale passages rhythms?
The harpsichord
What is the primary scale in a piece of music called?
The key
What symbol at the beginning of the piece indicates the key that a piece of music is in?
The key signature
The ground bass in Dido's Lament remains ____________ in it's eleven statements.
The same
Britten's The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra is written as a theme and variations, which is best defined by which of the following characteristics?
There is a main theme that is varied in each repetition.
A chord made up of three notes (roots, third and fifth or do, mi, sol) is called a _____________.
Triad
True or False: A synthesizers gives the composer control over the pitch, dynamics rhythm and duration of a musical sound.
True
True or False: As in this Bizet piece changes in texture add variety and excitement to the music.
True
True or False: Electronic instruments include amplified instruments synthesizers and computers.
True
True or False: In Chopin's Prelude in E minor, the harmony plays an important role?
True
True or False: In western music changing key is a way to strengthen listener interest in longer musical selections.
True
True or False: Rhythm is a fundamental part of life?
True
True or False: The melody of a song often reflects the intended mood of the lyrics contexts.
True
What instruments are the soloists in Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 5?
Violin, flute, harpsichord
In a fugue various instrumental lines called _________ imitate the subject.
Voices
Gregorian Chant = 1 line
Everyone sings one line over and over
Which term describes a song for solo voices with orchestral accompaniment?
Aria
What is the technique of playing that notes of a chord one after the other (instead of simultaneously) called?
Arpeggio
Which voice-line is played using the pedal keyboard?
Bass
Another word for ground bass is ____________.
Basso Ostinato
What is the ritornello form in the concerto grosso?
In the ritornello form, an opening theme played by all the musicians (the tutti) is repeated like a refrain throughout the work.
The procedure of varying a fugue subjecting turning it upside down is called_____________.
Inversion
Who's death marked the end of the baroque period in music?
Johann Sebastian Bach
A mechanical or digital device that indicates tempo on a scale of beats per minute by emitting sounds or flashes or light is called a(n) ______________.
Metronome
Why were castrates important and unique?
They had the lung power of men and vocal range of a woman
Generally, how are rhythmic used in a baroque period?
They start off the piece and are repeated throughout
What is used to indicate the meter of a piece at the beginning of the staff?
Time signature
In general, why did baroque musicians write music?
To fit specific needs of their employers
By having each instrument of the orchestra play individually, Britten lets us hear the differences in _________ of the orchestral instruments in The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra.
Tone color